A polarized variety is K-stable if, for any test configuration, the Donaldson–Futaki invariant is positive. In this paper, inspired by classical geometric invariant theory, we describe the space of test configurations as a limit of a direct system of Tits buildings. We show that the Donaldson–Futaki invariant, conveniently normalized, is a continuous function on this space. We also introduce a pseudo-metric on the space of test configurations. Recall that K-stability can be enhanced by requiring that the Donaldson–Futaki invariant is positive on any admissible filtration of the co-ordinate ring. We show that admissible filtrations give rise to Cauchy sequences of test configurations with respect to the above mentioned pseudo-metric.

We exhibit invariants of smooth projective algebraic varieties with integer values, whose nonvanishing modulo $p$ prevents the existence of an action without fixed points of certain finite $p$-groups. The case of base fields of characteristic $p$ is included. Counterexamples are systematically provided to test the sharpness of our results.

We describe all degenerations of three-dimensional anticommutative algebras $\mathfrak{A}\mathfrak{c}\mathfrak{o}\mathfrak{m}_{3}$ and of three-dimensional Leibniz algebras $\mathfrak{L}\mathfrak{e}\mathfrak{i}\mathfrak{b}_{3}$ over $\mathbb{C}$. In particular, we describe all irreducible components and rigid algebras in the corresponding varieties.

According to a well-known theorem of Serre and Tate, the infinitesimal deformation theory of an abelian variety in positive characteristic is equivalent to the infinitesimal deformation theory of its Barsotti–Tate group. We extend this result to 1-motives.

Let $X:=\mathbb{A}_{R}^{n}$ be the $n$-dimensional affine space over a discrete valuation ring $R$ with fraction field $K$. We prove that any pointed torsor $Y$ over $\mathbb{A}_{K}^{n}$ under the action of an affine finite-type group scheme can be extended to a torsor over $\mathbb{A}_{R}^{n}$ possibly after pulling $Y$ back over an automorphism of $\mathbb{A}_{K}^{n}$. The proof is effective. Other cases, including $X=\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}_{p,R}$, are also discussed.

Let U be the unipotent radical of a Borel subgroup of a connected reductive algebraic group G, which is defined over an algebraically closed field k. In this paper, we extend work by Goodwin and Röhrle concerning the commuting variety of Lie(U) for Char(k) = 0 to fields whose characteristic is good for G.

A general conjecture is stated on the cone of automorphic vector bundles admitting nonzero global sections on schemes endowed with a smooth, surjective morphism to a stack of $G$-zips of connected Hodge type; such schemes should include all Hodge-type Shimura varieties with hyperspecial level. We prove our conjecture for groups of type $A_{1}^{n}$, $C_{2}$, and $\mathbf{F}_{p}$-split groups of type $A_{2}$ (this includes all Hilbert–Blumenthal varieties and should also apply to Siegel modular $3$-folds and Picard modular surfaces). An example is given to show that our conjecture can fail for zip data not of connected Hodge type.

This paper is dedicated to a problem raised by Jacquet Tits in 1956: the Weyl group of a Chevalley group should find an interpretation as a group over what is nowadays called $\mathbb{F}_{1}$, the field with one element. Based on Part I of The geometry of blueprints, we introduce the class of Tits morphisms between blue schemes. The resulting Tits category$\text{Sch}_{{\mathcal{T}}}$ comes together with a base extension to (semiring) schemes and the so-called Weyl extension to sets. We prove for ${\mathcal{G}}$ in a wide class of Chevalley groups—which includes the special and general linear groups, symplectic and special orthogonal groups, and all types of adjoint groups—that a linear representation of ${\mathcal{G}}$ defines a model $G$ in $\text{Sch}_{{\mathcal{T}}}$ whose Weyl extension is the Weyl group $W$ of ${\mathcal{G}}$. We call such models Tits–Weyl models. The potential of Tits–Weyl models lies in (a) their intrinsic definition that is given by a linear representation; (b) the (yet to be formulated) unified approach towards thick and thin geometries; and (c) the extension of a Chevalley group to a functor on blueprints, which makes it, in particular, possible to consider Chevalley groups over semirings. This opens applications to idempotent analysis and tropical geometry.

The work is devoted to the variety of two-dimensional algebras over algebraically closed fields. First we classify such algebras modulo isomorphism. Then we describe the degenerations and the closures of certain algebra series in the variety of two-dimensional algebras. Finally, we apply our results to obtain analogous descriptions for the subvarieties of flexible and bicommutative algebras. In particular, we describe rigid algebras and irreducible components for these subvarieties.

In this paper we establish Springer correspondence for the symmetric pair $(\text{SL}(N),\text{SO}(N))$ using Fourier transform, parabolic induction functor, and a nearby cycle sheaf construction. As an application of our results we see that the cohomology of Hessenberg varieties can be expressed in terms of irreducible representations of Hecke algebras of symmetric groups at $q=-1$. Conversely, we see that the irreducible representations of Hecke algebras of symmetric groups at $q=-1$ arise in geometry.

The Dieudonné crystal of a $p$-divisible group over a semiperfect ring $R$ can be endowed with a window structure. If $R$ satisfies a boundedness condition, this construction gives an equivalence of categories. As an application we obtain a classification of $p$-divisible groups and commutative finite locally free $p$-group schemes over perfectoid rings by Breuil–Kisin–Fargues modules if $p\geqslant 3$.

Let $U$ be an affine smooth curve defined over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic. The Abhyankar conjecture (proved by Raynaud and Harbater in 1994) describes the set of finite quotients of Grothendieck’s étale fundamental group $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}_{1}^{\acute{\text{e}}\text{t}}(U)$. In this paper, we consider a purely inseparable analogue of this problem, formulated in terms of Nori’s profinite fundamental group scheme $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}^{N}(U)$, and give a partial answer to it.

When $p>2$, we construct a Hodge-type analogue of Rapoport–Zink spaces under the unramifiedness assumption, as formal schemes parametrizing ‘deformations’ (up to quasi-isogeny) of $p$-divisible groups with certain crystalline Tate tensors. We also define natural rigid analytic towers with expected extra structure, providing more examples of ‘local Shimura varieties’ conjectured by Rapoport and Viehmann.

We show that the anti-canonical volume of an $n$-dimensional Kähler–Einstein $\mathbb{Q}$-Fano variety is bounded from above by certain invariants of the local singularities, namely $\operatorname{lct}^{n}\cdot \operatorname{mult}$ for ideals and the normalized volume function for real valuations. This refines a recent result by Fujita. As an application, we get sharp volume upper bounds for Kähler–Einstein Fano varieties with quotient singularities. Based on very recent results by Li and the author, we show that a Fano manifold is K-semistable if and only if a de Fernex–Ein–Mustaţă type inequality holds on its affine cone.

Colmez [Périodes des variétés abéliennes a multiplication complexe, Ann. of Math. (2)138(3) (1993), 625–683; available at http://www.math.jussieu.fr/∼colmez] conjectured a product formula for periods of abelian varieties over number fields with complex multiplication and proved it in some cases. His conjecture is equivalent to a formula for the Faltings height of CM abelian varieties in terms of the logarithmic derivatives at $s=0$ of certain Artin $L$-functions. In a series of articles we investigate the analog of Colmez’s theory in the arithmetic of function fields. There abelian varieties are replaced by Drinfeld modules and their higher-dimensional generalizations, so-called $A$-motives. In the present article we prove the product formula for the Carlitz module and we compute the valuations of the periods of a CM $A$-motive at all finite places in terms of Artin $L$-series. The latter is achieved by investigating the local shtukas associated with the $A$-motive.

Varieties of the form $G\times S_{\!\text{reg}}$, where $G$ is a complex semisimple group and $S_{\!\text{reg}}$ is a regular Slodowy slice in the Lie algebra of $G$, arise naturally in hyperkähler geometry, theoretical physics and the theory of abstract integrable systems. Crooks and Rayan [‘Abstract integrable systems on hyperkähler manifolds arising from Slodowy slices’, Math. Res. Let., to appear] use a Hamiltonian $G$-action to endow $G\times S_{\!\text{reg}}$ with a canonical abstract integrable system. To understand examples of abstract integrable systems arising from Hamiltonian $G$-actions, we consider a holomorphic symplectic variety $X$ carrying an abstract integrable system induced by a Hamiltonian $G$-action. Under certain hypotheses, we show that there must exist a $G$-equivariant variety isomorphism $X\cong G\times S_{\!\text{reg}}$.

The Galois representation associated to a $p$-divisible group over a normal complete noetherian local ring with perfect residue field is described in terms of its Dieudonné display. As a consequence, the Kisin module associated to a commutative finite flat $p$-group scheme via Dieudonné displays is related to its Galois representation in the expected way.

A recent result by the authors gives an explicit construction for a universal deformation of a formal group $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}$ of finite height over a finite field $k$. This provides in particular a parametrization of the set of deformations of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}$ over the ring ${\mathcal{O}}$ of Witt vectors over $k$. Another parametrization of the same set can be obtained through the Dieudonné theory. We find an explicit relation between these parameterizations. As a consequence, we obtain an explicit expression for the action of $\text{Aut}_{k}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7})$ on the set of ${\mathcal{O}}$-deformations of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}$ in the coordinate system defined by the universal deformation. This generalizes a formula of Gross and Hopkins and the authors’ result for one-dimensional formal groups.

This paper is a complement to the work of the second author on modular quotient singularities in odd characteristic. Here, we prove that if V is a three-dimensional vector space over a field of characteristic 2 and G < GL(V) is a finite subgroup generated by pseudoreflections and possessing a two-dimensional invariant subspace W such that the restriction of G to W is isomorphic to the group SL2(𝔽2n), then the quotient V/G is non-singular. This, together with earlier known results on modular quotient singularities, implies first that a theorem of Kemper and Malle on irreducible groups generated by pseudoreflections generalizes to reducible groups in dimension three, and, second, that the classification of three-dimensional isolated singularities that are quotients of a vector space by a linear finite group reduces to Vincent's classification of non-modular isolated quotient singularities.

Let $G$ be a reductive group over an algebraically closed subfield $k$ of $\mathbb{C}$ of characteristic zero, $H\subseteq G$ an observable subgroup normalised by a maximal torus of $G$ and $X$ an affine $k$-variety acted on by $G$. Popov and Pommerening conjectured in the late 1970s that the invariant algebra $k[X]^{H}$ is finitely generated. We prove the conjecture for: (1) subgroups of $\operatorname{SL}_{n}(k)$ closed under left (or right) Borel action and for: (2) a class of Borel regular subgroups of classical groups. We give a partial affirmative answer to the conjecture for general regular subgroups of $\operatorname{SL}_{n}(k)$.