Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-xtgtn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-18T06:08:52.754Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of Irrigation, Soybean (Glycine max) Density, and Glyphosate on Hemp Sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) and Pitted Morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa) Interference in Soybean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jason K. Norsworthy  and
Lawrence R. Oliver
Jason K. Norsworthy*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704
Lawrence R. Oliver
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jnorswo@clemson.edu.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in 1998 and 1999 at Keiser, AR, to evaluate glyphosate timing and soybean population in reducing hemp sesbania and pitted morningglory interference with dryland and irrigated glyphosate-resistant soybean under a narrow row, no-till production system. Soybean densities following emergence were 247,000, 475,000, and 729,000 plants/ha. Glyphosate was applied at 0.56 kg ai/ha at the V2; V4; V2 and V4; and V2, V4, and R2 stages of soybean. In dry portions of the growing season, glyphosate increased moisture availability for dryland soybean because of control of hemp sesbania and pitted morningglory. As soybean population increased from 247,000 to 729,000 plants/ha, pitted morningglory and hemp sesbania control increased from 60 to 91%, respectively, for the V2 glyphosate application. Control of both species at 14 wk after emergence was at least 90% following the V4 alone treatment and sequential applications, with no differences in control among soybean populations. Untreated, irrigated hemp sesbania produced up to 32 million seeds/ha in 1999. Irrigation did not influence pitted morningglory seed production either year, and untreated pitted morningglory produced a maximum of 1 million seeds/ha in 1998 at 247,000 soybean plants/ha. Three sequential applications of glyphosate reduced pitted morningglory seed production to 9,000 seeds/ha and eliminated hemp sesbania seed production. Soybean yielded 1,297 kg/ha greater under irrigated than dryland conditions, whereas increasing soybean density from 247,000 to 729,000 plants/ha resulted in 416 kg/ha improvement in seed yield. At the densities of pitted morningglory and hemp sesbania present in this study, seed yield of drill-seeded soybean can be maximized following a V4 alone treatment or sequential glyphosate applications.

Keywords

Glyphosatehemp sesbania, Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Rybd. Ex A. W. Hill #3 SEBEXpitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. # IPOLAsoybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Delta King 5961 Roundup Ready®’Light interception, soil moisture, transgenic soybean, weed competitionDAE, days after emergencePAR, photosynthetically active radiationWAE, weeks after emergenceWAT, weeks after treatment
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 16 , Issue 1 , March 2002 , pp. 7 - 17
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anderson, R. L. and Nielsen, D. C. 1996. Emergence pattern of five weeds in the Central Great Plains. Weed Technol. 10: 744–749.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bararpour, M. T. and Oliver, L. R. 1998. Effect of tillage and interference on common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) population, seed production, and seedbank. Weed Sci. 46: 424–431.Google Scholar
Barrentine, W. L. 1974. Common cocklebur competition in soybeans. Weed Sci. 22: 600–603.Google Scholar
Burnside, O. C. 1979. Soybean (Glycine max) growth as affected by weed removal, cultivar, and row spacing. Weed Sci. 27: 562–565.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crowley, R. H. and Buchanan, B. A. 1980. Responses of Ipomoea spp. and smallflower morningglory (Jacquemontia tamnifolia) to temperature and osmotic stresses. Weed Sci. 28: 76–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Egley, G. H. and Williams, R. D. 1990. Decline of weed seeds and seedling emergence over five years as affected by soil disturbance. Weed Sci. 38: 504–510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fehr, W. R. and Caviness, C. E. 1977. Stage Of Soybean Development. Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Special Report 80. 12 p.Google Scholar
Froud-Williams, R. J., Chancellor, R. J., and Drennan, D. H. 1984. The effects of seed burial and soil disturbance on emergence and survival of arable weeds in relation to minimal cultivation. J. Appl. Ecol. 21: 629–641.Google Scholar
Hartzler, R. G. 1996. Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) population dynamics following a single year's seed rain. Weed Technol. 10: 581–586.Google Scholar
Hoveland, C. S. and Buchanan, G. A. 1973. Weed seed germination under simulated drought. Weed Sci. 21: 322–327.Google Scholar
Howe, O. W. III and Oliver, L. R. 1987. Influence of soybean (Glycine max) row spacing on pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa) interference. Weed Sci. 35: 185–193.Google Scholar
Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., Griffin, J. L., Clay, P. A., Vidrine, P. R., and Reynolds, D. B. 1997. Influence of application variables on efficacy of glyphosate. Weed Technol. 11: 354–362.Google Scholar
King, C. A. and Purcell, L. C. 1997. Interference between hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) and soybean (Glycine max) in response to irrigation and nitrogen. Weed Sci. 45: 91–97.Google Scholar
Lanie, A. J., Griffin, J. L., Vidrine, P. R., and Reynolds, D. B. 1994a. Herbicide combinations for soybean (Glycine max) planted in stale seedbed. Weed Technol. 8: 17–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lanie, A. J., Griffin, J. L., Vidrine, P. R., and Reynolds, D. B. 1994b. Weed control with non-selective herbicides in soybean (Glycine max) stale seedbed culture. Weed Technol. 8: 159–164.Google Scholar
Lovelace, M. L. and Oliver, L. R. 2000. Effects of interference and tillage on hemp sesbania and pitted morningglory emergence and seed production. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 53:202.Google Scholar
McWhorter, C. G. and Anderson, J. M. 1979. Hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) competition in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 27: 58–64.Google Scholar
Mickelson, J. A. and Renner, K. A. 1997. Weed control using reduced rates of postemergence herbicides in narrow and wide row soybean. J. Prod. Agric. 10: 431–437.Google Scholar
Mosier, D. G. and Oliver, L. R. 1995a. Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and entireleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula) interference on soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 43: 239–246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mosier, D. G. and Oliver, L. R. 1995b. Soybean (Glycine max) interference on common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) and entireleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula). Weed Sci. 43: 402–409.Google Scholar
Orwick, P. L. and Schreiber, M. M. 1979. Interference of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) and robust foxtail (Setaria viridis var. robustaalba or var. robusta-purpurea) in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 27: 665–674.Google Scholar
Scott, H. D., Fergeson, J. A., Sojka, R. E., and Batchelor, J. T. 1986. Response of Lee 74 Soybean to Irrigation in Arkansas. University of Arkansas Agricultural Experimental Station Bull. 886. 44 p.Google Scholar
Staniforth, D. W. and Weber, C. R. 1956. Effects of annual weeds on growth and yield of soybeans. Agron. J. 48: 467–471.Google Scholar
Taylor, S. E. 1996. Effect of Rate and Application Timing of Glyphosate to Control Sicklepod and Other Problem Weeds of the Mississippi Delta. . University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR. 116 p.Google Scholar
Walker, R. H., Patterson, M. G., Hauser, E., Isenhour, D. J., Todd, J. W., and Buchanan, G. A. 1984. Effects of insecticide, weed-free period, and row spacing on soybean (Glycine max) and sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) growth. Weed Sci. 32: 702–706.Google Scholar
Wax, L. M. and Pendleton, J. W. 1968. Effect of row spacing on weed control in soybeans. Weeds 16: 462–465.Google Scholar
Weber, C. R. and Staniforth, D. W. 1957. Competitive relationships in variable weed and soybean stands. Agron. J. 49: 440–444.Google Scholar
Yelverton, F. H. and Coble, H. D. 1991. Narrow row spacing and canopy formation reduces weed resurgence in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Technol. 5: 169–174.Google Scholar