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21 - Holocene marine diatom records of environmental change

from Part IV - Diatoms as indicators in marine and estuarine environments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

By
Amy Leventer ,
Xavier Crosta  and
Jennifer Pike
Edited by
John P. Smol  and
Eugene F. Stoermer
Amy Leventer
Affiliation:
Colgate University
Xavier Crosta
Affiliation:
Université Bordeaux I
Jennifer Pike
Affiliation:
Cardiff University
John P. Smol
Affiliation:
Queen's University, Ontario
Eugene F. Stoermer
Affiliation:
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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Summary

Introduction

Atmospheric temperature records from central Greenland and Antarctic ice cores reveal a dramatic shift between the Late Pleistocene and the Holocene in terms of estimates and amplitudes of temperature change. Following recovery of these long, high-resolution ice cores in the early 1990s, initially it was believed that this shift into the Holocene involved a change from low mean temperatures with large, rapid oscillations on decadal to millennial timescales, to high mean temperatures with relatively little variability. More recently, other records from different regions of the world, together with our increased understanding of external climate forcings and feedbacks, have shown that this ice-core-derived picture of Holocene climate stability is not the case (Maslin et al., 2001; Wanner et al., 2008). Holocene climate variability appears to exhibit relatively regular patterns of change. However, these patterns of change are complex; not all changes are observed globally or synchronously (Mayewski et al., 2004). And, although the oscillations in climate during the Holocene are of lower amplitudes than those of the Late Pleistocene, they are of sufficient magnitude to cause significant perturbations to our contemporary climate and to have had an impact on human civilizations.

The primary goal of this chapter is to present a detailed view of the contribution of diatom analysis from marine sedimentary records to our understanding of climatic and environmental change during the Holocene. This chapter will provide a link between other chapters in this book that deal with diatoms as indicators of recent changes in oceanographic condition (Romero and Armand, this volume) and diatoms as indicators of paleoceanographic events (Jordan and Stickley, this volume).

Type
Chapter
Information
The Diatoms
Applications for the Environmental and Earth Sciences
 , pp. 401 - 423
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

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