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18 - Improving oocyte maturation in vitro

from Section 3 - Developmental biology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 October 2013

By
Jeremy G. Thompson  and
Robert B. Gilchrist
Edited by
Alan Trounson ,
Roger Gosden  and
Ursula Eichenlaub-Ritter
Jeremy G. Thompson
Affiliation:
Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Robinson Institute, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health,The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Robert B. Gilchrist
Affiliation:
Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Robinson Institute, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
Alan Trounson
Affiliation:
California Institute for Regenerative Medicine
Roger Gosden
Affiliation:
Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Cornell University, New York
Ursula Eichenlaub-Ritter
Affiliation:
Universität Bielefeld, Germany
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Summary

Introduction

Successful infertility treatment, especially in vitro fertilization (IVF) and accompanying clinical and laboratory technologies, has to be one of the great medical success stories of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. In the space of 35 years of development, assisted reproduction through IVF now contributes up to 4% of all births in developed nations, with these figures set to increase further due to the influence of increasing maternal age to first conception, lifestyle choices, and the exposure to environmental toxins. The success of current technology utilized in an IVF cycle is dependent on gonadotropic hormone hyperstimulation of the ovary to generate large numbers of mature oocytes (Figure 18.1). Nevertheless, hormonal stimulation of the ovary by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), or an analog, is associated with various risks and financial costs. These include: a health risk to women caused by severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), which affects 0.5–5% of gonadotropin-treated women [1]; a risk to oocyte and resulting embryo health (e.g., embryo an-euploidy [2] and perturbed genomic imprinting [3]); and a significant financial burden placed on couples and/or healthcare providers due to the cost of the gonadotropin treatment. Furthermore, FSH has dose-dependent adverse effects on subsequent embryo quality, endometrial protein expression, and pregnancy rates in adult, cycling female mice [4, 5]. Therefore, safe, reliable alternatives to the current clinical IVF practices that remove the need for hyperstimulatory FSH treatment, accompanied with increased treatment options for women, is highly attractive. This would be particularly so for women who suffer from the very prevalent condition of polycystic ovaries (estimated to be around 20% of women of reproductive age), who are particularly susceptible to OHSS and as a result, at times have limited IVF treatment options.

Type
Chapter
Information
Biology and Pathology of the Oocyte
Role in Fertility, Medicine and Nuclear Reprograming
 , pp. 212 - 223
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2013

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References

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  • Improving oocyte maturation in vitro
    • By Jeremy G. Thompson, Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Robinson Institute, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health,The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia, Robert B. Gilchrist, Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Robinson Institute, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
  • Edited by Alan Trounson, Roger Gosden, Ursula Eichenlaub-Ritter, Universität Bielefeld, Germany
  • Book: Biology and Pathology of the Oocyte
  • Online publication: 05 October 2013
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139135030.019
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  • Improving oocyte maturation in vitro
    • By Jeremy G. Thompson, Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Robinson Institute, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health,The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia, Robert B. Gilchrist, Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Robinson Institute, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
  • Edited by Alan Trounson, Roger Gosden, Ursula Eichenlaub-Ritter, Universität Bielefeld, Germany
  • Book: Biology and Pathology of the Oocyte
  • Online publication: 05 October 2013
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139135030.019
Available formats
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To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Improving oocyte maturation in vitro
    • By Jeremy G. Thompson, Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Robinson Institute, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health,The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia, Robert B. Gilchrist, Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Robinson Institute, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
  • Edited by Alan Trounson, Roger Gosden, Ursula Eichenlaub-Ritter, Universität Bielefeld, Germany
  • Book: Biology and Pathology of the Oocyte
  • Online publication: 05 October 2013
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139135030.019
Available formats
×