Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgements
- Profile of Professor Tobias
- List of participants
- Foreword
- Address
- Keynote address
- Searching for common ground in palaeoanthropology, archaeology and genetics
- The history of a special relationship: prehistoric terminology and lithic technology between the French and South African research traditions
- Essential attributes of any technologically competent animal
- Significant tools and signifying monkeys: the question of body techniques and elementary actions on matter among apes and early hominids
- Tools and brains: which came first?
- Environmental changes and hominid evolution: what the vegetation tells us
- Implications of the presence of African ape-like teeth in the Miocene of Kenya
- Dawn of hominids: understanding the ape-hominid dichotomy
- The impact of new excavations from the Cradle of Humankind on our understanding of the evolution of hominins and their cultures
- Stone Age signatures in northernmost South Africa: early archaeology in the Mapungubwe National Park and vicinity
- Vertebral column, bipedalism and freedom of the hands
- Characterising early Homo: cladistic, morphological and metrical analyses of the original Plio-Pleistocene specimens
- Early Homo, ‘robust’ australopithecines and stone tools at Kromdraai, South Africa
- The origin of bone tool technology and the identification of early hominid cultural traditions
- Contribution of genetics to the study of human origins 276
- An overview of the patterns of behavioural change in Africa and Eurasia during the Middle and Late Pleistocene
- From the tropics to the colder climates: contrasting faunal exploitation adaptations of modern humans and Neanderthals
- New neighbours: interaction and image-making during the West European Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition
- Late Mousterian lithic technology: its implications for the pace of the emergence of behavioural modernity and the relationship between behavioural modernity and biological modernity
- Exploring and quantifying technological differences between the MSA I, MSA II and Howieson's Poort at Klasies River
- Stratigraphic integrity of the Middle Stone Age levels at Blombos Cave
- Testing and demonstrating the stratigraphic integrity of artefacts from MSA deposits at Blombos Cave, South Africa
- From tool to symbol: the behavioural context of intentionally marked ostrich eggshell from Diepkloof, Western Cape
- Chronology of the Howieson's Poort and Still Bay techno-complexes: assessment and new data from luminescence
- Subsistence strategies in the Middle Stone Age at Sibudu Cave: the microscopic evidence from stone tool residues
- Speaking with beads: the evolutionary significance of personal ornaments
- Personal names index
- Subject index
Subsistence strategies in the Middle Stone Age at Sibudu Cave: the microscopic evidence from stone tool residues
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 June 2019
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgements
- Profile of Professor Tobias
- List of participants
- Foreword
- Address
- Keynote address
- Searching for common ground in palaeoanthropology, archaeology and genetics
- The history of a special relationship: prehistoric terminology and lithic technology between the French and South African research traditions
- Essential attributes of any technologically competent animal
- Significant tools and signifying monkeys: the question of body techniques and elementary actions on matter among apes and early hominids
- Tools and brains: which came first?
- Environmental changes and hominid evolution: what the vegetation tells us
- Implications of the presence of African ape-like teeth in the Miocene of Kenya
- Dawn of hominids: understanding the ape-hominid dichotomy
- The impact of new excavations from the Cradle of Humankind on our understanding of the evolution of hominins and their cultures
- Stone Age signatures in northernmost South Africa: early archaeology in the Mapungubwe National Park and vicinity
- Vertebral column, bipedalism and freedom of the hands
- Characterising early Homo: cladistic, morphological and metrical analyses of the original Plio-Pleistocene specimens
- Early Homo, ‘robust’ australopithecines and stone tools at Kromdraai, South Africa
- The origin of bone tool technology and the identification of early hominid cultural traditions
- Contribution of genetics to the study of human origins 276
- An overview of the patterns of behavioural change in Africa and Eurasia during the Middle and Late Pleistocene
- From the tropics to the colder climates: contrasting faunal exploitation adaptations of modern humans and Neanderthals
- New neighbours: interaction and image-making during the West European Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition
- Late Mousterian lithic technology: its implications for the pace of the emergence of behavioural modernity and the relationship between behavioural modernity and biological modernity
- Exploring and quantifying technological differences between the MSA I, MSA II and Howieson's Poort at Klasies River
- Stratigraphic integrity of the Middle Stone Age levels at Blombos Cave
- Testing and demonstrating the stratigraphic integrity of artefacts from MSA deposits at Blombos Cave, South Africa
- From tool to symbol: the behavioural context of intentionally marked ostrich eggshell from Diepkloof, Western Cape
- Chronology of the Howieson's Poort and Still Bay techno-complexes: assessment and new data from luminescence
- Subsistence strategies in the Middle Stone Age at Sibudu Cave: the microscopic evidence from stone tool residues
- Speaking with beads: the evolutionary significance of personal ornaments
- Personal names index
- Subject index
Summary
Abstract
Microscopic residue analysis was conducted on a number of stone tools from Sibudu Cave to obtain more information on specific use of certain tool types at the site. Plant residues were preserved better than residues of animal origin. The presence of ochre as a use-related residue and use-wear traces were well represented. The soils were found to be slightly acidic, a factor that may have contributed favourably to the exceptional preservation of organic remains at the site. Although culturally modern behaviour has not been specifically inferred from this data, the potential exists to answer questions relating to patterned tool use and specific activity areas within the site.
Résumé
Une analyse de résidus microscopiques présents sur un certain nombre d'outils en pierre provenant de la Grotte de Sibudu a été réalisée en vue d'obtenir des informations sur la fonction de certains types d'outils. Les résidus végétaux sont mieux conservés que ceux d'origine animale. Les traces d'utilisation sont bien conservées sur le pièces analysées et souvent associées à des traces d'ocre Nous avons constaté que les sols étaient légèrement acides, facteur qui pourrait avoir contribué favorablement à la conservation exceptionnelle de restes organiques sur ce site. Même si la question de l’émergence de la modernité culturelle n'est pas directement abordée à partir de ces données, celles-ci recèlent néanmoins des informations pertinentes pour répondre à des questions en relation avec cette problématique telles que la fonction des outils et l'existence de zones d'activités spécialisées au sein du site.
Introduction
Residue analysis has been conducted on stone tools from a number of southern African sites to date (Lombard, 2001; Tomlinson, 2001; Williamson, 1997) as well as sites elsewhere in the world (Fullagar et al., 1997; Hardy et al., 2001; Tuross & Dillehay, 1995; Loy & Dixon, 1998). The applicability of persistent residues in determining site use and subsistence strategies of prehistoric people is finding wider acceptance. Residue types identified in this study included animal tissues, blood, hair, collagen and plant tissue remains, cellulosic fibres, resins and exudates, starch grains and starchy residues, as well as mineral deposits like ochre. Sibudu Cave has a long occupation sequence with an interesting and complex stratigraphy (Wadley, 2001a) that provides a relatively closed environment ideal for the preservation of microscopic organic residues.
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- From Tools to SymbolsFrom Early Hominids to Modern Humans, pp. 512 - 524Publisher: Wits University PressPrint publication year: 2005