Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T15:18:59.170Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Reduction in Weed Control After Repeat Applications of Thiocarbamate and Other Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Reed A. Gray  and
Grant K. Joo
Reed A. Gray
Affiliation:
Mountain View Res. Ctr., Stauffer Chem. Co., Mountain View, CA 94042
Grant K. Joo
Affiliation:
Mountain View Res. Ctr., Stauffer Chem. Co., Mountain View, CA 94042
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Of 17 thiocarbamate herbicides tested in the greenhouse in repeat soil applications made 4 to 16 weeks apart, 9 showed definite losses in herbicidal activity after the second application. Those showing reduced activity included EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate), vernolate (S-propyl dipropylthiocarbamate), and butylate (S-ethyl diisobutylthiocarbamate), which have been reported previously to develop accelerated breakdown, plus R-15574 (S-benzyl dipropylthiocarbamate and the sulfoxides of EPTC, vernolate, butylate, SC-7829 (S-propyl diisobutylthiocarbamate), and SC-8149 (S-butyl diisobutylthiocarbamate). Thiocarbamates that showed no significant reduction in activity after the second application were pebulate (S-propyl butylethylthiocarbamate), cycloate (S-ethyl N-ethylthiocyclohexanecarbamate), molinate (S-ethyl hexahydro-1H-azepine-1-carbothioate), R-1880 (S-ethyl dibutylthiocarbamate), R-1856 (S-tertiarybutyl dipropylthiocarbamate), R-1853 (S-isobutyl diethylthiocarbamate), R-1906 (S-butyl diisopropylthiocarbamate), and R-12001 [S-isopropyl 1-(5-ethyl-2-methyl)piperidine carbothioate]. Of 16 nonthiocarbamate herbicides tested, a reduction in control of weeds occurred after the second soil application with 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], dalapon (2,2-dichloropropionic acid), chlorpropham (isopropyl m-chlorocarbanilate), propham (isopropyl carbanilate), TCA (trichloroacetic acid), pronamide [3,5-dichloro (N-1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl)benzamide], napropamide [2-(α-naphthoxy)-N,N-diethylpropionamide], bensulide [O,O-diisopropyl phosphorodithioate S-ester with N-(2-mercaptoethyl)benzenesulfonamide], alachlor [2-chloro-2’,6’-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide], and diethatyl [N-(chloroacetyl)-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)glycine]. Losses with the latter five herbicides after repeat application have not been reported previously.

Keywords

Microbial degradationherbicide dissipation
Type
Weed Control and Herbicide Technology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 33 , Issue 5 , September 1985 , pp. 698 - 702
Copyright
Copyright © 1985 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Audus, L. J. 1949. Biological detoxification of 2,4-D. Plant Soil 2:31–35.Google Scholar
2. Audus, L. J. 1951. The biological detoxification of hormone herbicides in soil. Plant Soil 3:170–192.Google Scholar
3. Fryer, J. D. and Kirkland, K. 1970. Field experiments to investigate long-term effects of repeated application of MCPA, triallate, simazine, and linuron: report after six years. Weed Res. 10:133–138.Google Scholar
4. Horowitz, M. 1966. Breakdown of endothal in soil. Weed Res. 6:168–171.Google Scholar
5. Kaufman, D. D. and Kearny, P. C. 1965. Microbial degradation of isopropyl-N-3-chlorophenylcarbamate and 2-chloroethyl-N-3-chlorophenylcarbamate. Appl. Microbiol. 13:443–446.Google Scholar
6. Kirkland, K. and Fryer, J. D. 1972. Degradation of several herbicides in soil previously treated with MCPA. Weed Res. 12:90–95.Google Scholar
7. Obrigawitch, T., Martin, A. R., and Roeth, F. W. 1983. Degradation of thiocarbamate herbicides in soils exhibiting rapid EPTC breakdown. Weed Sci. 31:187–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Obrigawitch, T., Roeth, F. W., Martin, A. R., and Wilson, R. G. Jr. 1982. Addition of R-33865 to EPTC for extended herbicide activity. Weed Sci. 30:417–422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Obrigawitch, T., Wilson, R. G., Martin, A. R., and Roeth, F. W. 1982. The influence of temperature, moisture, and prior EPTC application on the degradation of EPTC in soil. Weed Sci. 30:175–181.Google Scholar
10. Rahman, A., Atkison, G. C., and Douglas, J. A. 1979. Eradicane causes problems. N.Z. J. Agric. 139(3):47–49.Google Scholar
11. Rahman, A. and James, T. K. 1983. Decreased activity of EPTC + R-25788 following repeated use in some New Zealand soils. Weed Sci. 31:783–789.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Riepma, P. 1962. Preliminary observations on the breakdown of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole in soils. Weed Res. 2:41–50.Google Scholar
13. Thiegs, B. J. 1955. The stability of dalapon in soils. Down Earth 11:2–4.Google Scholar
14. Wilson, R. G. 1984. Accelerated degradation of thiocarbamate herbicides in soil with prior thiocarbamate herbicide exposure. Weed Sci. 32:264–268.Google Scholar