Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T23:18:38.019Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Characterization of leaf surface, wax composition, and control of redvine and trumpetcreeper with glyphosate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Demosthenis Chachalis ,
Krishna N. Reddy  and
C. Dennis Elmore
Demosthenis Chachalis
Affiliation:
Southern Weed Science Research Unit, USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776
C. Dennis Elmore
Affiliation:
Application and Production Technology Research Unit, USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 36, Stoneville, MS 38776
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Laboratory and greenhouse studies were conducted on redvine and trumpetcreeper to characterize leaf surface and wax composition, determine responses of these weeds to glyphosate, characterize the nature of interactions between glyphosate and several selective postemergence herbicides (e.g., acifluorfen, bentazon, chlorimuron, imazaquin, and pyrithiobac) used in soybean and cotton, and determine the effects of various adjuvants on glyphosate activity on both species. Trumpetcreeper was consistently more susceptible to glyphosate than redvine. Glyphosate spray solution droplets had lower contact angle in trumpetcreeper than in redvine. Micro-roughness of the trumpetcreeper adaxial leaf surface was greater due to trichomes and glands compared to that of redvine, which had no trichomes or glands. Stomata or crystal wax deposition on the adaxial leaf surface were not observed in either species. The wax mass per unit area (22 to 37 µg cm−2) was similar regardless of the leaf age in both species. Epicuticular wax consisted of hydrocarbons, alcohols, acids, and triterpenes. Wax composition of young leaves of redvine was relatively hydrophilic (72% alcohols and acids, 24% hydrocarbons) compared to the hydrophobic components (23% alcohols and acids, 49% hydrocarbons) of old leaves. In contrast, wax of trumpetcreeper young leaves was relatively hydrophobic (9% alcohols and acids, 29% hydrocarbons), whereas old leaves had similar levels of hydrophilic and hydrophobic components (28% alcohols and acids, 31% hydrocarbons). Glyphosate mixed with selective postemergence herbicides were antagonistic when applied to redvine and trumpetcreeper, except acifluorfen. Various adjuvants did not increase glyphosate efficacy except ammonium sulfate, which increased glyphosate efficacy when applied alone to trumpetcreeper. These results showed that lower glyphosate efficacy was related to the more hydrophobic nature of redvine epicuticular waxes compared to that of trumpetcreeper.

Keywords

Acifluorfenbentazonchlorimuronglyphosateimazaquinpyrithiobaccotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.redvine, Brunnichia ovata (Walt.) Shinners BRVCIsoybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.trumpetcreeper, Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau CMIRAAdjuvantcontact anglegas chromatography–mass spectrometryleaf morphologyscanning electron microscopyBRVCICMIRA
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 49 , Issue 2 , April 2001 , pp. 156 - 163
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Ahrens, W. H., ed. 1994. Herbicide Handbook. 7th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America. pp. 149–152.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 2000. Crop Protection Reference. 16th ed. New York: C and P. Press. pp. 244–248, 688–693, 801–806.Google Scholar
Baker, E. A. 1982. Chemistry and morphology of plant epicuticular waxes. Pages 139–166 In Cutler, D. F., Alvin, K. L., and Price, C. E., eds. The Plant Cuticle. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Benzing, D. H. and Burt, K. M. 1970. Foliar permeability among twenty species of the Bromeliaceae. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 97:269–279.Google Scholar
Brommer, C. L., Reddy, K. N., and Shaw, D. R. 1998. Interaction of glyphosate with selected herbicides for control of redvine. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 38:83.Google Scholar
Castillo, T. A., Keisler, T. K., and Oliver, L. R. 1998. Cultural and chemical redvine (Brunnichia ovata) control in soybeans. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 51:275.Google Scholar
Chachalis, D. and Reddy, K. N. 2000. Factors affecting Campsis radicans seed germination and seedling emergence. Weed Sci. 48:212–216.Google Scholar
Colby, S. R. 1967. Calculating synergistic or antagonistic response of herbicide combinations. Weeds 15:20–22.Google Scholar
Croteau, R. and Johnson, M. A. 1980. Biosynthesis of terpenoids in glandular trichomes. Pages 133–185 In Rodriguez, E., Healey, P. L., and Mehta, I., eds. Biology and Chemistry of Plant Trichomes. Vancouver: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
DeFelice, M. S. and Oliver, L. R. 1980. Redvine and trumpetcreeper control in soybeans and grain sorghum. Ark. Farm Res. 29:5.Google Scholar
Dowler, C. C. 1998. Weed survey—southern states broadleaf crops subsection. Proc. South. Weed. Sci. Soc. 51:299–313.Google Scholar
Elmore, C. D. 1984. Perennial Vines in the Delta of Mississippi. Mississippi State, MS: Mississippi State University, Mississippi Agricultural Forestry Experiment Station Bull. 927. 9 p.Google Scholar
Elmore, C. D. and Paul, R. N. 1998. Leaf surface micromorphology of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and adjuvant response. Proc. Adjuv. Agrochem. Challeng. Opportun. 1:43–48.Google Scholar
Elmore, C. D., Tonos, J., and Steele, M. 1998. Epicuticular wax composition of soybean leaves differing in pubescence. Proc. Adjuv. Agrochem. Challeng. Opportun. 1:49–54.Google Scholar
Gülz, P. G., Prasad, R.B.N., and Müller, E. 1992. Surface structures and chemical composition of epicuticular waxes during leaf development of Fagus sylvatica L. Naturforsch. 47:190–196.Google Scholar
Harr, J., Guggenheim, R., Schulke, G., and Falk, R. H. 1991. The Leaf Surface of Major Weeds. Lawrence, KS: Weed Science Society of America. p. 11 (with illustrations).Google Scholar
Hatzios, K. K. and Penner, D. 1985. Interactions of herbicides with other agrochemicals in higher plants. Rev. Weed Sci. 1:1–63.Google Scholar
Hess, F. D., Bayer, D. E., and Falk, R. H. 1974. Herbicide dispersal patterns: I. As a function of leaf surface. Weed Sci. 22:394–401.Google Scholar
Hull, H. M., Davis, D. G., and Stolzenberg, G. E. 1982. Actions of adjuvant on plant surface. Pages 26–67 In Adjuvants for Herbicides. Lawrence, KS: Weed Science Society of America.Google Scholar
Hunt, G. M., Holloway, P. J., and Baker, E. A. 1976. Ultastructure and chemistry of Clarkia elegans leaf wax: a comparative study with Brassica leaf waxes. Plant Sci. Lett. 6:353–360.Google Scholar
Hurst, H. R. 1994. Redvine Control with Fall-Applied Banvel® and Roundup® after Harvest of No-Till Grain Sorghum. Mississippi State University, MS: Mississippi Agricultural Forestry Experiment Station Research Rep. 19. 4 p.Google Scholar
Hurst, H. R. 1995. Redvine Control in No-Till Soybeans with and without Irrigation. Mississippi State University, MS: Mississippi Agricultural Forestry Experiment Station Bull. 1021. 7 p.Google Scholar
Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., Griffin, J. L., Clay, P. A., Vidrine, P. R., and Reynolds, D. B. 1997. Influence of application variables on efficacy of glyphosate. Weed Technol. 11:354–362.Google Scholar
Kitson, F. G., Larsen, B. S., and McEwen, C. N. 1996. Quantitative GC/MS. Pages 35–41 In Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry: A Practical Guide. San Diego: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Mayeux, H. S. Jr., and Wilkinson, R. E. 1990. Composition of epicuticular wax on Prosopsis glandulosa leaves. Bot. Gaz. 151:240–244.Google Scholar
McWhorter, C. G. 1993. Epicuticular wax on johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) leaves. Weed Sci. 41:475–482.Google Scholar
Ormrod, D. J. and Renney, A. J. 1968. A survey of weed leaf stomata and trichomes. Can. J. Plant Sci. 48:197–209.Google Scholar
Rao, A. S. and Reddy, K. N. 1999. Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) response to glyphosate mixtures with ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Weed Technol. 13:361–366.Google Scholar
Reddy, K. N. 2000. Factors affecting toxicity, absorption, and translocation of glyphosate in redvine (Brunnichia ovata). Weed Technol. 14:457–462.Google Scholar
Reed, D. W. and Tuckey, H. B. Jr. 1982. Light intensity and temperature effects on epicuticular wax morphology and internal cuticle ultrastructure of carnations and Brussels sprouts leaf cuticles. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 107:417–420.Google Scholar
Roggenbuck, F. C. and Penner, D. 1997. Efficacious adjuvants for glufosinate-ammonium, glyphosate-isopropylamine, and glyphosate-trimethylsulfonium. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 37:71.Google Scholar
Scott, R., Shaw, D. R., and Barrentine, W. L. 1998. Glyphosate tank-mixtures with SAN 582 for burndown or postemergence applications in glyphosate-tolerant soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol. 12:23–26.Google Scholar
Shaw, D. R. and Mack, R. E. 1991. Application timing of herbicides for the control of redvine (Brunnichia ovata). Weed Technol. 5:125–129.Google Scholar
Shaw, D. R., Mack, R. E., and Smith, C. A. 1991. Redvine (Brunnichia ovata) germination and emergence. Weed Sci. 39:33–36.Google Scholar
Wanamarta, G. and Penner, D. 1989. Foliar absorption of herbicides. Rev. Weed Sci. 4:215–231.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, R. E. 1972. Sicklepod hydrocarbon response to photoperiod. Phytochemistry 11:1273–1280.Google Scholar