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A palaeoenvironmental record of the Southern Hemisphere last glacial maximum from the Mount Cass loess section, North Canterbury, Aotearoa/New Zealand

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 December 2020

Peter C. Almond Open the ORCID record for Peter C. Almond [Opens in a new window] ,
Sándor Gulyás ,
Pál Sümegi ,
Balázs P. Sümegi ,
Stephen Covey-Crump ,
Merren Jones ,
Joseph Shaw  and
Andrew Parker
Peter C. Almond*
Affiliation:
Department of Soil and Physical Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Christchurch, New Zealand
Sándor Gulyás
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Paleontology, University of Szeged, Szeged 6722, Hungary
Pál Sümegi
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Paleontology, University of Szeged, Szeged 6722, Hungary
Balázs P. Sümegi
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Paleontology, University of Szeged, Szeged 6722, Hungary
Stephen Covey-Crump
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, UK
Merren Jones
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, UK
Joseph Shaw
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, UK
Andrew Parker
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PL, UK
*
*Corresponding author at: Department of Soil and Physical Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Christchurch, New Zealand. E-mail address: peter.almond@lincoln.ac.nz (P.C. Almond).
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Abstract

Calcareous loess in North Canterbury, eastern South Island, New Zealand (NZ), preserves subfossil bird bone, terrestrial gastropods, and eggshell, whose abundances and radiocarbon ages allowed us to reconstruct aspects of palaeoenvironment at high resolution through 25 to 21 cal ka BP. This interval includes millennial-scale climatic variability during the extended last glacial maximum (30–18 ka) of Australasia. Our loess palaeoclimatic record shows good correspondence with stadial and interstadial climate events of the NZ Climate Event Stratigraphy, which were defined from a pollen record on the western side of South Island. An interstade from 25.4 to 24 cal ka BP was warm but also relatively humid on eastern South Island, and loess grain size may indicate reduced vigour of the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds. The subsequent stade (24–22.6 cal ka BP) was drier, colder, and probably windier. The next interstade remained relatively dry on eastern South Island, and westerly winds remained vigorous. The 25.4–24 ka interstade is synchronous with Heinrich stade 2, which may have driven a southward migration of the subtropical front, leading to warming and wetting of northern and central South Island and retreat of Southern Alps glaciers at ca. 26.5 ka.

Keywords

Loessgastropodsmoa eggshellradiocarbon datingIRSL datingSouthern Hemispherelast glacial maximum
Type
Thematic Set: Southern Hemisphere Last Glacial Maximum (SHeMax)
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 102 , July 2021 , pp. 115 - 129
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Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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