Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T14:47:50.500Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Cognitive Models in the Philosophy of Science

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2022

Ronald N. Giere*
Affiliation:
The University of Minnesota

Extract

When attempting to introduce new ideas it is usually best to provide an exemplar which demonstrates, in a particular case, the usefulness of those ideas. It is also occasionally helpful to talk about why the new ideas might be useful. Given limited space, one cannot do both. I have chosen here to talk about the use of cognitive models in the philosophy of science, leaving the exhibition of their usefulness for other occasions.

Now if one is just going to talk about something rather than exhibit its potential, it is best not to be too general or abstract. After all, the objective is to convince one's audience that one has something to offer. Few people, including even philosophers, are easily convinced by generalities or abstractions. So I will begin by sketching an account of how I personally came to the conclusion that the cognitive sciences provide models that are useful to the philosopher of science.

Type
Part IX. Epistemology
Copyright
Copyright © 1987 by the Philosophy of Science Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Gruber, H. and J.J. Voneche, eds. (1977) The Essential Piaget. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Hooker, C.A. (1987). A Realistic View of Science. Albany: SUNY Press.Google Scholar
Hull, D. (1982) “The Naked Meme.” In Learning, Development, and Culture: Essays in Evolutionary Epistemology. ed. Plotkin, H.. New York: Wiley, pp. 273-327.Google Scholar
Johnson-Laird, P.N. (1983) Mental Models. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Kahneman, D., Slovic, P. and A. Tversky, eds. (1982) Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knorr-Cetina, K.D. (1981) The Manufacture of Knowledge. Oxford: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
T.S., Kuhn (1962) The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press (2nd ed. 1970).Google Scholar
Latour, B. and Woolgar, S. (1979) Laboratory Life. Beverly Hills: Sage.Google Scholar
Laudan, L. (1977) Progress and Its Problems. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.Google Scholar
Laudan, L. (1984) Science and Values. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.Google Scholar
Laudan, L. et al. (1986) “Scientific Change: Philosophical Models and Historical Research.” Synthese 69: 141-223.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mahoney, M.J. (1976) Scientist as Subject: The Psychological Imperative. Cambridge: Ballinger.Google Scholar
Minski, M. (1975) “A Framework for Representing Knowledge.” In The Psychology of Computer Vision, ed. Winston, P.H.. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Mitroff, I. (1974) The Subjective Side of Science: A Philosophical Inquiry into the Psychology of the Apollo Moon Scientists. Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Neisser, U. (1976) Cognition and Reality. New York: Freeman.Google Scholar
Nickles, T. (1985) “Beyond Divorce: Current Status of the Discovery Debate.” Philosophy of Science 52: 177-206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quine, W.V.O. (1969) “Epistemology Naturalized.” In Ontological Relativity and Other Essays, ed. Quine, W.V.O.. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reichenbach, H. (1949) The Theory of Probability. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.Google Scholar
Ruse, M. (1986) Taking Darwin Seriously. Dordrecht: Reidel.Google Scholar
Shapin, S. (1982) “History of Science and its Sociological Reconstructions.” History of Science 20: 157-211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simon, H.A. (1957) Models of Man. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Suppe, F. (1973) “Theories, Their Formulations, and the Operational Imperative.” Synthese 25: 129-164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suppes, P. (1967) “What is a Scientific Theory?” In Philosophy of Science Today, ed. Morgenbesser, S. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Suppes, P. (1979) Patrick Suppes. ed. Bogdan, R.J.. Dordrecht-Holland: Reidel.Google Scholar
Tolman, E.C. (1948) “Cognitive Maps in Rats and Men.” Psychological Review 55: 189-208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Toulmin, S. (1972) Human Knowledge. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press.Google Scholar
Tweney, R.D., Doherty, M.E. and C.R. Mynatt, eds. (1981) On Scientific Thinking. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.Google Scholar
van Fraassen, B.C. (1970) “On The Extension of Beth's Semantics of Physical Theories.” Philosophy of Science 37: 325-339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Fraassen, B.C. (1980) The Scientific Image. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wittgenstein, L. (1958) The Blue and Brown Books. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar