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Thermohaline layering in dynamically and diffusively stable shear flows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 September 2016

Timour Radko
Timour Radko*
Affiliation:
Department of Oceanography, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA 93943, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: tradko@nps.edu
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Abstract

In this study we examine two-component shear flows that are stable with respect to Kelvin–Helmholtz and to double-diffusive instabilities individually. Our focus is on diffusively stratified ocean regions, where relatively warm and salty water masses are located below cool fresh ones. It is shown that such systems may be destabilized by the interplay between shear and thermohaline effects, caused by unequal molecular diffusivities of density components. Linear stability analysis suggests that parallel two-component flows can be unstable for Richardson numbers exceeding the critical value for non-dissipative systems $(Ri=1/4)$ by up to four orders of magnitude. Direct numerical simulations indicate that these instabilities transform the initially linear density stratification into a series of well-defined horizontal layers. It is hypothesized that the combined thermohaline–shear instabilities could be ultimately responsible for the widespread occurrence of thermohaline staircases in diffusively stable regions of the World Ocean.

JFM classification

Convection: Convection Convection: Double diffusive convection
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 805 , 25 October 2016 , pp. 147 - 170
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Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2016. This is a work of the U.S. Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States. 

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