Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T01:12:41.077Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Stellar Flare Spectral Diagnotics: Present and Future*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2016

Bernard H. Foing
Bernard H. Foing*
Affiliation:
Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, IAS/LPSP BP 10, 91371 Verrières-le-Buisson, France

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Stellar spectral diagnostics are of utmost importance to test fundamental concepts of flare physics such as particle beam versus suprathermal heating, atmospheric response, mass motions, microflaring, statistics and recurrence of flares, flare activity and stellar interior. We review some of these diagnostics (from photometry, optical, and ultraviolet spectroscopy at medium- and high-spectral resolution, X-ray, and radio observations). Specific diagnostics from line and continuum fluxes, density sensitive lines, broadening and velocity field effects and the comparison with semi-empirical models are also described.

Some results on stellar flares obtained from previous multi-wavelength observing campaigns are presented. Future satellite missions and ground-based observatories, with new techniques for obtaining high spectral and temporal resolution, are discussed in light of their possible contribution to our understanding of solar and stellar flares.

Type
Research Article
Information
International Astronomical Union Colloquium , Volume 104 , Issue 1: Solar and Stellar Flares , 1989 , pp. 117 - 133
Copyright
Copyright © Kluwer 1989

Footnotes

Ť

Present address: ESA/ESTEC Space Science Dept., P.O. Box 299,2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands.

*

Based partially on observations obtained at European Southern Observatory, Canada-France Hawaii Telescope, and with IUE and EXOSAT satellites.

References

Aboudarham, J. and Hénoux, J. C.: 1986, Astron. Astrophys. 156, 73.Google Scholar
Antonucci, E., Gabriel, A. H., and Dennis, B. R.: 1984, Astrophys. J. 287, 917.Google Scholar
Antonucci, E. et al.: 1982, Solar Phys. 78, 107.Google Scholar
Avrett, E. M., Machado, M. E., and Kurucz, R. L.: 1986, in Neidig, D. (ed.), The Lower Atmosphere of Solar Flares, National Solar Observatory/SPO.Google Scholar
Bastian, T. S. and Bookbinder, J.: 1987, Nature 326, 678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, J. C.: 1971, Solar Phys. 18, 489.Google Scholar
Brueckner, G. E. and Bartoe, J. D.: 1983, Astrophys. J. 272, 329.Google Scholar
Brueckner, G. E. et al: 1986, Adv. Space Res. 6, No. 8, 263.Google Scholar
Butler, C. J., Rodonò, M., and Foing, B. H.: 1988, Astron. Astrophys. 206, LI.Google Scholar
Butler, C. J., Rodonò, M., Foing, B. H., and Haisch, B. M.: 1986, Nature 321, 679.Google Scholar
Butler, C. J., Doyle, J. G., Foing, B. H., and Rodonò, M.: 1988, in Havnes, O. and Pettersen, B. R. (eds.), Tromso Midnight Sun Conference on Activity in Cool Star Envelopes. Google Scholar
Canfield, R. D. and Gunkler, T. A.: 1985, Astrophys. J. 288, 353.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Catala, C. and Foing, B. H. (eds.): 1988, 1st MUSICOS Workshop on MUlti Site Continuous Spectroscopy, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon.Google Scholar
Char, S. and Foing, B. H.: 1989, in Modeling the Stellar Environment: How and Why?, Editions Frontières, Gif/Yvette.Google Scholar
Collier-Cameron, A. and Robinson, R. D.: 1988, in Dupree, A. K. and Lago, M. T. (eds.), Formation and Evolution of Low Mass Stars, D. Reidei Pubi. Co., Dordrecht, Holland.Google Scholar
Collier-Cameron, A. and Robinson, R. D.: 1989, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 236, 57.Google Scholar
Damé, L. and Cram, L.: 1983, Solar Phys. 87, 329.Google Scholar
De Jager, C. et al: 1986, Astron. Astrophys. 156, 95.Google Scholar
De Jager, C. et al: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 211, 157.Google Scholar
Dere, K. P. and Mason, E.: 1981, in Orrall, F. Q. (ed.), Solar Active Regions. Google Scholar
Donati, J. F., Semel, M., and Praderie, F.: 1988, in Catala, C. and Foing, B. H. (eds.), 1st MUSICOS Workshop on MUlti Site Continuous Spectroscopy, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, p. 37.Google Scholar
Donati-Falchi, A., Falciani, R., and Smaldone, L. A.: 1985, Astron. Astrophys. 152, 165.Google Scholar
Doyle, J. G. and Butler, C. J.: 1985, Nature 313, 378.Google Scholar
Doyle, J. G. et al: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. (in press).Google Scholar
Dulk, G. A.: 1985, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 23, 169.Google Scholar
Dupree, A. K.: 1978, Adv. Atomic Molecular Phys. 14, 393.Google Scholar
Emslie, G. and Nagai, F.: 1985, Astrophys. J. 288, 779.Google Scholar
Feldman, U.: 1981, Phys. Scripta 24, 681.Google Scholar
Foing, B. H.: 1989, Irish Astron. J. (in press).Google Scholar
Foing, B. H., Bonnet, R. M., and Bruner, M.: 1986, Astron. Astrophys. 162, 292.Google Scholar
Foing, B. H. et al.: 1986, in Neidig, D. (ed.), The Lower Atmosphere of Solar Flares, NSO/SPO, p. 319.Google Scholar
Foing, B. H., Butler, C. J., Haisch, B. M., Linsky, J. L., and Rodonò, M.: 1988, in Jaschek, C. and Sterken, C. (eds.), Coordination of Observational Projects, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 197.Google Scholar
Gershberg, M. R. E. and Shakhovskaya, N. I.: 1983, Astrophys. Space Sci. 95, 235.Google Scholar
Haisch, B.: 1983, in Byrne, P. B. and Rodonò, M. (eds.), Activity in Red Dwarf Stars, D. Reidei Pubi. Co., Dordrecht, Holland, p. 255.Google Scholar
Haisch, B. M. et al.: 1983, Astrophys. J. 267, 280.Google Scholar
Haisch, B. M., Strong, K. T., Harrison, R. A., and Gary, G. A.: 1989, Astrophys. J. Suppl. 68, 371.Google Scholar
Hénoux, J. C.: 1989, unpublished poster at IAU Colloq. 104 on Solar and Stellar Flares. Google Scholar
Hénoux, J. C. and Aboudarham, J.: 1988, in Catala, C. and Foing, B. H. (eds.), IstMUSICOS WorkshopMUlti Site Continuous Spectroscopy, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, p. 89.Google Scholar
Heritschi, D., Raadu, M. A., Vial, J. C., and Malherbe, J. M.: 1989, in Haisch, B. M. and Rodonò, M. (eds.), IA U Colloq. 104, ‘Solar and Stellar Flares', Poster Papers, Pubi. Catania Astrophys. Obs., Special Volume, p. 321.Google Scholar
Houdebine, E. R. and Panagi, P.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. (submitted).Google Scholar
Houdebine, E. R., Butler, C. J., Rodonò, M., Panagi, P., and Foing, B. H.: 1989, in Haisch, B. M. and Rodonò, M. (eds.), IA U Colloq. 104, ‘Solar and Stellar Flares', Poster Papers, Pubi. Catania Astrophys. Obs., Special Volume, p. 59.Google Scholar
Jankov, S. and Foing, B. H.: 1987, in Linsky, J. L. and Stencel, R. E. (eds.), Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.Google Scholar
Kuijpers, J.: 1985, in Hjellming, R. M. and Gibson, D. M. (eds.), Radio Stars, D. Reidei Pubi. Co., Dordrecht, p. 185.Google Scholar
Kuijpers, J.: 1989, in IAU Colloq. 104 on Solar and Stellar Flares (this volume).Google Scholar
Kundu, M. R., White, S. M., and Schmahl, E. J.: 1989, in IAU Colloq. 104 on Solar and Stellar Flares (this volume).Google Scholar
Lang, K. et al.: 1985, in Zeilik, M. and Gibson, D. M. (eds.), Cool Stars, Stellar Systems and the Sun, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.Google Scholar
Lin, R. P., Schwartz, R. A., Kane, S. R., Pelling, R. M., and Hurley, K. C.: 1984, Astrophys. J. 283, 421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linsky, J. L.: 1987, Astrophys. Letters and Comm. 26, 21.Google Scholar
Linsky, J. L.: 1988, in Cordova, F. (ed.), Multiwavelength Astrophysics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Linsky, J. L. and Gary, D. E.: 1983, Astrophys. J. 274, 776.Google Scholar
Linsky, J. L. et al.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 211, 173.Google Scholar
Neff, J. E., Brown, A., and Linsky, J. L.: 1989, in Haisch, B. M. and Rodonò, M. (eds.), IAU Colloq. 104, ‘Solar and Stellar Flares', Poster Papers, Pubi. Catania Astrophys. Obs., Special Volume, p. 111.Google Scholar
Parker, E. N.: 1988, Astrophys. J. 330, 474.Google Scholar
Pettersen, B. R., Coleman, L. A., and Evans, D. S.: 1984, Astrophys. J. Suppl. 54, 375.Google Scholar
Rodonò, M., Pucillo, M., Sedmak, G., and de Biase, G. A.: 1979, Astron. Astrophys. 76, 242.Google Scholar
Rodonò, M. et al.: 1984, in Proc. 4th IUE Conference, ESA SP-218, p. 247.Google Scholar
Rodonò, M., Foing, B. H., Linsky, J. L., Butler, J. G., Haisch, B. M., Gary, D. E., and Gibson, D. M.: 1985, ESO Messenger 39, 9.Google Scholar
Rodonò, M. et al.: 1986, Astron. Astrophys. 165, 135.Google Scholar
Rodonò, M. et al. : 1989a, in Haisch, B. M. and Rodonò, M. (eds.), IAU Colloq. 104, ‘Solar and Stellar Flares', Poster Papers, Pubi. Catania Astrophys. Obs., Special Volume, p. 53.Google Scholar
Rodonò, M. et al.: 1989b (in preparation).Google Scholar
Rust, D.: 1986, in Neidig, D. (ed.), The Lower Atmosphere of Solar Flares, NSO/SPO.Google Scholar
Saar, S. H., Linsky, J. L., and Beckers, J. M.: 1986, Astrophys. J. 302, 777.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmitt, J. H., Lernen, J. R., and Zarro, D.: 1989, in IAU Colloq. 104 on Solar and Stellar Flares (this volume).Google Scholar
Simon, T., Linsky, J. L., and Schiffer, F. H.: 1980, Astrophys. J. 239, 911.Google Scholar
Skumanich, A.: 1985, Australian J. Phys. 38, No. 6.Google Scholar
Skumanich, A.: 1986, Astrophys. J. 309, 858.Google Scholar
van Ballegooijen, A. A.: 1985, Astrophys. J. 298, 421.Google Scholar
Vogt, S. S. and Penrod, G. D.: 1983, Pubi. Astron. Soc. Pacifie 95, 565.Google Scholar
Vogt, S. S., Penrod, G. D., and Hatzes, A. P.: 1987, Astrophys. J. 321, 496.Google Scholar
Withbroe, G. L., Habbal, S. R., and Ronan, R.: 1985, Solar Phys. 95, 297.Google Scholar
Zarro, D. M. and Canfield, R. G.: 1989, in Haisch, B. M. and Rodonò, M. (eds.), IAU Colloq. 104, ‘Solar and Stellar Flares', Poster Papers, Pubi. Catania Astrophys. Obs., Special Volume, p. 53.Google Scholar