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Much to Do about Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae: Why Supplementing Surveillance May Be the Key to Stopping Spread

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2016

Christopher D. Pfeiffer  and
Zintars G. Beldavs
Christopher D. Pfeiffer*
Affiliation:
Department of Hospital and Specialty Medicine, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon; and Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
Zintars G. Beldavs
Affiliation:
Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority, Portland, Oregon
*
Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, PO Box 1034 P3-ID, Portland, OR 97239 (pfeiffec@ohsu.edu).
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Extract

(See the article by Thaden et al, on pages 978–983.)

It is critical to the future of public health to understand the burden of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) so that we can effectively target efforts to limit potential spread. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classifies CRE as 1 of 3 “urgent” antibiotic resistance threats to public health because of the high mortality associated with CRE infection and its rapid dissemination in the United States.

What is the current burden of CRE disease? We can glean a snapshot of the national epidemiology of CRE from the CDC’s national surveillance. Rapid geographic spread is evident in the CDC’s national map of CRE, which indicates that all but 3 states now have identified CRE. Incidence by facility type, procedure, device, and organism all have considerable variation, providing preliminary indications where future prevention efforts might best be focused. The 2013 CRE Vital Signs states that 3.9% of short-stay acute care hospitals and 17.8% of long-term acute care hospitals have identified cases of CRE infection among those with catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) or central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). The CDC also reported that 10% of Klebsiella species in intensive care unit (ICU) CLABSIs, ICU CAUTIs, and surgical site infections after colon surgery or coronary artery bypass grafting in 2011 were carbapenem resistant. Although CRE have been reported in most states, it is increasingly clear that wide regional variation exists, from regions of hyperendemicity, such as parts of New York City, to regions apparently free of CRE, such as Maine.

Type
Commentary
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 35 , Issue 8 , August 2014 , pp. 984 - 986
Copyright
© 2014 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved.

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