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Are there any novel markers in acute rheumatic fever: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio

Novel Indexes in Acute Rheumatic Fever?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 May 2020

Dilek Giray Open the ORCID record for Dilek Giray [Opens in a new window]  and
Olgu Hallioglu
Dilek Giray*
Affiliation:
Van Education and Research Hospital, Turkish Republic Ministry of Health, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Van, Turkey
Olgu Hallioglu
Affiliation:
Mersin University, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Mersin, Turkey
*
Author for correspondence: Dilek Giray, MD, Van Education and Research Hospital, Turkish Republic Ministry of Health, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Süphan Mahallesi, Havayolu Kavşağı, Edremit, Van65300, Turkey. Tel: +90 535 647 8996; Fax: +90 432 2121954. E-mail: ddilekkarabulut@hotmail.com
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Abstract

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, platelet-to-lymphocyte, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratios in acute rheumatic fever in children.

Method:

In this retrospective study, 182 patients with acute rheumatic fever and 173 controls were included. Complete blood count parameters, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios were recorded for all the patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography.

Results:

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios were significantly higher in patients with rheumatic heart disease than patients without cardiac involvement (p < 0.05). C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels were found to have a positive correlation with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (r = 0.228, p = 0.001; r = 0.355, p = 0.001), platelet-to-lymphocyte (r = 0.227, p = 0.01; r = 0.149, p = 0.005), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratios (r = 0.117, p = 0.005; r = 0.107, p = 0.044). Cardiac involvement was present in 152 (83.5%) of the patients. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios were significantly higher in patients with rheumatic heart disease than patients without cardiac involvement (p < 0.05). Patients with carditis were grouped according to mitral, aortic, or both valve involvement but there was no significant difference between the groups with respect to neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, monocyte-to-lymphocyte, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios. In addition, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratios were significantly higher in patients with Sydenham’s chorea than without chorea (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, platelet-to-lymphocyte, and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratios may help make the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever and its prognosis by serial measurements in follow-up but none of them tell us the severity of carditis. Also, this is the first study showing the positive correlation between Sydenham’s chorea and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratios. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis, as this is the first study in the literature on this topic.

Keywords

Acute rheumatic fevermonocyte-to-lymphocyte rationeutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratioplatelet-to-lymphocyte ratio
Type
Original Article
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 30 , Issue 5 , May 2020 , pp. 717 - 721
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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