Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T05:58:16.596Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Factors Affecting Goatweed (Scoparia dulcis) Seed Germination

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Rakesh Jain  and
Megh Singh
Rakesh Jain
Affiliation:
Citrus Res. and Educ. Ctr., Univ. Florida, IFAS, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
Megh Singh
Affiliation:
Citrus Res. and Educ. Ctr., Univ. Florida, IFAS, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Goatweed seeds require light for germination, with optimum germination occurring at 25/20 or 30/25 C day/night temperatures. Germination was 8.5% 7 days after incubation at 20/15 C. At 15/10 C, no germination occurred, irrespective of the light treatment. Chilling at 4 C for 10 days prior to incubation at 30/25 C did not induce germination of dark-incubated seeds and had no effect on germination of light-incubated seeds. A photoperiod of at least 1 h daily was required to induce germination. Maximum germination, however, occurred with a 9-h photoperiod. Light intensity as low as 25 μE·m–2·s–1 induced germination of goatweed seeds. Germination percentage increased with an increase in light intensity. Treatment with 1 mM gibberellic acid or 10 or 100 mM sodium nitrate or ammonium nitrate solution was effective in enhancing germination of light-incubated seeds, but not in inducing germination of dark-incubated seeds. Ammonium nitrate at 10 and 100 mM was more effective than sodium nitrate at the same concentrations in enhancing germination of goatweed seeds in the light. Ammonium chloride did not increase percent germination over that of seeds incubated in distilled water in the light. Germination percentage was maximum at pH 10 and at osmotic potentials 0.0 MPa.

Keywords

Goatweed(Scoparia dulcis L.)Temperaturelightgibberellic acidnitrate saltspHosmotic potential
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 6 , November 1989 , pp. 766 - 770
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Cairns, A.L.P. and deVilliers, O.T. 1986. Breaking dormancy of Avena fatua L. seed by treatment with ammonia. Weed Res. 26:191–197.Google Scholar
2. Duke, S. O., Egley, G. H., and Reger, B. J. 1977. Model for variable light sensitivity in dark-dormant seeds. Plant Physiol. 59:244–247.Google Scholar
3. Egley, G. H. and Duke, S. O. 1984. Physiology of weed seed dormancy and germination. Pages 27–64 in Duke, S. O., ed. Weed Physiology, Volume I. Reproduction and Ecophysiology, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
4. Evetts, L. L. and Burnside, O. C. 1972. Germination and seedling development of common milkweed and other species. Weed Sci. 20:371–378.Google Scholar
5. Hall, D. W. and Tucker, D.P.H. 1987. Weed watch — Goatweed. Fla. Weed Sci. Soc. Newslett. 9(1):1–3.Google Scholar
6. Haridas, P. and Sharma, V. S. 1973. Some common weeds of South Indian tea fields. Planter's Chronicle 68:495–496.Google Scholar
7. Hendricks, S. B. and Taylorson, R. B. 1974. Promotion of seed germination by nitrate, nitrite, hydroxylamine, and ammonium salts. Plant Physiol. 54:304–309.Google Scholar
8. Karssen, C. M. 1967. The light promoted germination of the seeds of Chenopodium album L. I. The influence of the incubation time on quantity and rate of response to red light. Acta Bot. Neerl. 16:156–165.Google Scholar
9. Long, R. W. and Lakela, O. 1976. A Flora of Tropical Florida. Banyan Books, Miami, FL. 962 pp.Google Scholar
10. Malik, N. and Vanden Born, W. H. 1987. Germination response of Galium spurrium L. to light. Weed Res. 27:251–258.Google Scholar
11. Mann, R. K., Rieck, C. E., and Witt, W. W. 1981. Germination and emergence of burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus). Weed Sci. 29:83–86.Google Scholar
12. Mayer, A. M. and Poljakoff-Mayber, A. 1975. The germination of seeds. 2nd. ed. Pergamon Press, Oxford. Page 35.Google Scholar
13. Mayeaux, H. S. Jr. 1982. Germination of false broomweed (Ericameria austrotexana) seed. Weed Sci. 30:597–601.Google Scholar
14. Michel, B. E. and Kaufman, M. R. 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiol. 51:914–916.Google Scholar
15. Oliver, L. R., Harrison, S. A., and McClelland, M. 1983. Germination of Texas gourd (Cucurbita texana) and its control in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 31:700–706.Google Scholar
16. Phillips, R. L. and Tucker, D.P.H. 1974. Control of problem weed species in Florida citrus with glyphosate. Proc. Trop. Reg., Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 18:116–122.Google Scholar
17. Popay, A. I. and Roberts, E. H. 1970. Factors involved in the dormancy and germination of Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. and Senecio vulgaris L. J. Ecol. 58:103–121.Google Scholar
18. Singh, M. and Achhireddy, N. R. 1984. Germination ecology of milkweedvine (Morrenia odorata). Weed Sci. 32:781–785.Google Scholar
19. Singh, M., Tucker, D.P.H., and Lowery, C. A. 1985. An evaluation of herbicides for weed control in a young citrus grove. Proc. Fla. State Hortic. Soc. 98:14–16.Google Scholar
20. Soteres, J. K. and Murray, D. S. 1981. Germination and development of honeyvine milkweed (Ampelamus albidus) seeds. Weed Sci. 29: 625–628.Google Scholar
21. Taylorson, R. B. 1987. Environmental and chemical manipulation of weed seed dormancy. Rev. Weed Sci. 3:135–154.Google Scholar
22. Toole, E. H., Hendricks, S. B., Borthwick, H. A., and Toole, V. K. 1956. Physiology of seed germination. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 7:299–324.Google Scholar
23. Wilson, R. G. Jr. 1979. Germination and seedling development of Canada thistle. Weed Sci. 27:146–151.Google Scholar