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Evaluation of perennial herbaceous legumes with different phosphorus sources and levels in a Brazilian Ultisol

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2007

J.A.A. Espindola ,
J.G.M. Guerra ,
D.L. Almeida ,
M.G. Teixeira  and
S. Urquiaga
J.A.A. Espindola*
Affiliation:
Embrapa Agrobiologia, BR 465, km 07, C.E.P. 23851-970, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
J.G.M. Guerra
Affiliation:
Embrapa Agrobiologia, BR 465, km 07, C.E.P. 23851-970, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
D.L. Almeida
Affiliation:
Embrapa Agrobiologia, BR 465, km 07, C.E.P. 23851-970, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
M.G. Teixeira
Affiliation:
Embrapa Agrobiologia, BR 465, km 07, C.E.P. 23851-970, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
S. Urquiaga
Affiliation:
Embrapa Agrobiologia, BR 465, km 07, C.E.P. 23851-970, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
*
*Corresponding author: jose@cnpab.embrapa.br
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Abstract

This study was carried out under field conditions with the aim of evaluating the period of time necessary for soil cover, dry matter production and accumulation of nutrients by perennial herbaceous legumes with different phosphorus sources at different levels. Four legumes were evaluated: calopo (Calopogonium mucunoides Desv.), forage groundnut (Arachis pintoi Krap. & Greg.), siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum (OC.) Urb.) and tropical kudzu (Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth.). Each of these species received different phosphorus (P) sources and levels: no phosphate fertilization; 44 and 88 kg of P ha−1 applied as rock phosphate; and 44 kg of P ha−1 as triple superphosphate. Calopo, siratro and tropical kudzu completely covered the soil surface 129 days before forage groundnut. Phosphate fertilization did not increase the dry matter production of any species. The legumes forage groundnut, siratro and tropical kudzu showed desirable characteristics that promote their use as cover crops, such as high dry matter production and shoot accumulation of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K). Forage groundnut had the highest proportion of N derived from the atmosphere at the end of the rainy season, while there were no significant differences between the legumes at the end of the dry season. There was an elevation of soil pH and calcium+magnesium (Ca+Mg) contents, associated with a reduction of aluminum (Al) content, in the surface soil layer (0–5 cm) for siratro in relation to groundnut and tropical kudzu. Tropical kudzu promoted higher soil organic C contents when compared to groundnut.

Keywords

biological nitrogen fixationcover cropsphosphate fertilization
Type
Research Article
Information
Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems , Volume 20 , Issue 1 , March 2005 , pp. 56 - 62
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2005

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