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Portugal and the United Provinces, two innovative countries: common factors, related developments – a handover

from Les acteurs de la dynamique maritime

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2017

Catia Antunes
Affiliation:
Leiden University, the Netherlands
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Summary

ABSTRACT. This article focuses on the brilliant success of two small countries accustomed to maritime activities which would successively take on the role of first world power based on the development of their overseas maritime activities – Portugal in the 16th century and the United Provinces in the 17th century. The author underlines the handover between the two countries thanks to a sharing of knowledge encouraged by the strong presence of Flemish in the Portuguese expansion but well integrated and optimized by the Dutch with rich maritime experience. He shows that, once past a domination stage, these two countries which became secondary powers in terms of political power presented very different profiles: between an economically and socially blocked Portugal in its dependence on the empire and the United Provinces, the first modern European economy in the 17th century.

RÉSUMÉ. Cet article met en valeur la réussite brillante mais relative dans le temps de deux petits pays familiarisés avec les activités maritimes qui vont successivement occuper la place de première puissance mondiale fondée sur le développement de leurs activités maritimes notamment outre-mer – le Portugal au XVIe siècle et les Provinces-Unies au XVIIe. Il souligne les conditions d'un passage de témoin entre ces deux pays grâce à un transfert de connaissances largement favorisé par une présence forte des Flamands dans l'expansion portugaise mais bien intégré et optimisé par des Hollandais à la riche expérience maritime. Il montre que, passés la phase de domination, ces deux pays qui deviennent des puissances secondaires, en termes de puissance politique, présentent des profils très différents, entre un Portugal bloqué économiquement et socialement dans une dépendance de l'empire et les Provinces-Unies qui deviennent la première économie moderne européenne au XVIIe siècle.

THE BEGINNING

Portugal has a well-documented maritime history since the Roman period. It is after the Reconquista, during the late thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, that the independent kingdom of Portugal expands its maritime activities in two different, although complementary, directions. On the one hand, traditional fishing in the Atlantic and into the Mediterranean and, on the other hand, the development of inter-European trade, mostly with north-western Europe, more specifically with England, France and the Low Countries.

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Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2017

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