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Impact of Application Time and Clopyralid Rate on Strawberry Growth and Yield

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Nathan S. Boyd  and
Peter Dittmar
Nathan S. Boyd*
Affiliation:
Gulf Coast Research & Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 14625 County Road 672, Wimauma, FL 33598
Peter Dittmar
Affiliation:
Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, 1233 Fifield Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: nsboyd@ufl.edu.
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Abstract

Hard-seeded, broadleaf, winter annual weeds in strawberry plasticulture production in Florida emerge in the crop holes in the plastic mulch and reduce berry yield and quality. Clopyralid is registered for POST control of broadleaf weeds, but herbicide damage has been observed in commercial fields, and preliminary observations suggest that effects vary with time of application. To address this issue, an experiment was conducted in 2012 to 2013 and 2013 to 2014 to evaluate clopyralid rate (0, 140, 280, and 560 g ae ha−1) and application time on strawberry vegetative and reproductive growth. Clopyralid applications at 280 and 560 g ae ha−1 on January 2 and 16, 2013 (yr 1) reduced leaf number per plant by 33 to 44% and increased the number of deformed leaves per plant compared with the nontreated control. This pattern was not observed in yr 2. In yr 1 and 2, two times the label rate of clopyralid (560 g ae ha−1) tended to reduce the total number of floral buds compared with the nontreated control by 12 to 17%. None of the herbicide rates or application times reduced the number of flowers per plant, marketable berries per plant, yield over time, or total yield. We conclude that clopyralid applications at the rates and application times tested in this study may cause leaf damage and may reduce leaf number in some situations but does not affect yield.

Malezas de hoja ancha anuales de invierno con semillas con testa dura emergen en los orificios del cultivo en la producción de fresa con coberturas plásticas en Florida, y reducen el rendimiento y la calidad de la fruta. Clopyralid está registrado para el control POST de malezas de hoja ancha, pero el daño del herbicida has sido observado en campos de producción comercial, y observaciones preliminares sugieren que los efectos varían dependiendo del momento de aplicación. Para analizar este problema, se realizó un experimento del 2012 al 2013 y del 2013 al 2014 para evaluar la dosis de clopyralid (0, 140, 280, y 560 g ae ha−1) y el momento de aplicación sobre el crecimiento vegetativo y reproductivo de la fresa. Las aplicaciones de clopyralid a 280 y 560 g ae ha−1, hechas el 2 y el 16 de Enero (primer año) redujeron el número de hojas por planta en 33 y 44% e incrementaron el número de hojas deformadas por planta al compararse con el testigo sin tratamiento. Este patrón no fue observado en el segundo año. Tanto en el primer como en el segundo año, el doble de la dosis de etiqueta de clopyralid (560 g ae ha−1) tendió a reducir el número total de brotes florales en comparación con el testigo sin tratamiento en 12 y 17%. Ninguno de las dosis del herbicida o los momentos de aplicación redujeron el número de flores por planta, las frutas comercializables por planta, el rendimiento a lo largo del tiempo, o el rendimiento total. Nosotros concluimos que las aplicaciones de clopyralid a las dosis y momentos de aplicación evaluados en este estudio podría causar daño foliar y podría reducir el número de hojas en algunas situaciones sin afectar el rendimiento.

Keywords

Clopyralidstrawberry, Fragaria × ananassa DuchesneAuxinherbicide uptakepostemergence
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 29 , Issue 4 , December 2015 , pp. 821 - 826
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Steven A. Fennimore, University of California Davis.

References

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