Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T12:20:33.216Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Problem solving by patients with multiple sclerosis Comparison of performance on the Wisconsin and California Card Sorting Tests

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2009

William W. Beatty  and
Nancy Monson
William W. Beatty
Affiliation:
Center for Alcohol and Drug-Related Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73190
Nancy Monson
Affiliation:
Center for Alcohol and Drug-Related Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73190
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Problem solving by patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) was examined using the Wisconsin and California Card Sorting Tests (WCST and CCST). On the WCST, the MS patients achieved fewer categories and made more perseverative responses and errors than controls, confirming results of several previous studies. On the CCST, the MS patients generated and identified fewer concepts, but they performed normally when sorting was cued by the experimenter and they made no more persevcrations than controls. Although findings from the WCST indicate that the problem solving deficits by MS patients closely resemble those exhibited by patients with various conditions that produce frontal lobe dysfunction, results from the CCST indicate that the problem solving difficulties exhibited by patients with MS arc distinct and probably represent a primary deficit in concept formation. (JINS, 1996, 2, 134–140.)

Keywords

Problem solvingConcept formationExecutive functionFrontal lobe functionMultiple sclerosis
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 2 , Issue 2 , March 1996 , pp. 134 - 140
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Anderson, S. W., Damasio, H., Jones, R. D., & Tranel, D. (1991). Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance as a measure of frontal lobe damage. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 13, 909–922.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arnett, P. A., Rao, S. M., Bernardin, L., Grafman, J., Yetkin, F. Z., & Lobeck, L. (1994). Relationship between frontal lobe lesions and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance by patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 44, 420–424.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beatty, W. W., Goodkin, D. E., Hertsgaard, D., & Monson, N. (1990). Clinical and demographic predictors of cognitive performance in multiple sclerosis: Do diagnostic type, disease duration and disability matter? Archives of Neurology, 47, 305–308.Google Scholar
Beatty, W. W., Goodkin, D. E., Monson, N., & Beatty, P. A. (1989). Cognitive disturbances in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. Archives of Neurology, 46, 1113–1119.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beatty, W. W., Hamcs, K. H., Blanco, C. R., Paul, R. H., & Wilbanks, S. L. (1995). Verbal abstraction deficit in multiple sclerosis. Neuropsychology, 9, 198–205.Google Scholar
Beatty, W. W., Jocic, Z., Monson, N., & Katzung, V. M. (1994). Problem solving by schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients on the Wisconsin and California Card Sorting Tests. Neuropsychology, 8, 49–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beatty, W. W., Katzung, V. M., Nixon, S. J., & Moreland, V. J. (1993). Problem-solving deficits in alcoholics: Evidence from the California Card Sorting Test. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 54, 687–692.Google Scholar
Beatty, W. W. & Monson, N. (1990). Problem solving in Parkinson's disease: Comparison of performance on the Wisconsin and California Card Sorting Tests. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 3, 163–171.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benton, A. L. (1968). Differential effects of frontal lobe disease. Neuropsychologia, 6, 53–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charcot, J. M. (1877). Lectures on the diseases of the nervous system. Delivered at La Salpêtrière. (p. 194). London: New Sydenham Society.Google Scholar
Delis, D. C., Squire, L. R., Bihrle, A., & Massman, P. (1992). Componential analysis of problem-solving ability: Performance of patients with frontal lobe damage and amnesic patients on a new sorting test. Neuropsychologia, 30, 683–698.Google Scholar
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). “Mini-Mental State”: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12, 189–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodkin, D. E., Beatty, W. W., & Monson, N. (May, 1990). Screening examination for detecting cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis. Presented at the annual meetingof the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers, Denver, CO.Google Scholar
Hauser, S. L., Dawson, D. M., Lehrich, J. R., Beal, M. F., Kevy, S. V., Propper, R. D., Mills, J. A., & Weiner, H. L. (1983). Intensive immunosuppression in progressive multiple sclerosis. New England Journal of Medicine, 308, 173–180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heaton, R. K. (1981). Wisconsin Card Sorting Test manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.Google Scholar
Heaton, R. K., Nelson, L. M., Thompson, D. S., Burks, J. S., & Franklin, G. M. (1985). Neuropsychological findings in relapsing-remitting and chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 103–110.Google Scholar
Kaplan, E., Goodglass, H., & Weintraub, S. (1983). Boston Naming Test. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger.Google Scholar
Kurtzke, J. F. (1983). Rating neurological impairment in multiple sclerosis: An expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Neurology, 33, 1444–1452.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levine, M. (1966). Hypothesis behavior of humans during discrimination learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 71, 331–338.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Milner, B. (1963). Effects of different brain lesions on card sorting. Archives of Neurology, 9, 90–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peyser, J. M., Edwards, K. R., Poser, C. M., & Fiskov, S. B. (1980). Cognitive function in patients with multiple sclerosis. Archives of Neurology, 37, 577–579.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Poser, C. M., Paty, D. W., Schcinbcrg, L., McDonald, W. I., Davis, F., Ebers, G. C, Johnson, K. P., Sibley, W. A., Silberberg, D. H., & Tourtellotte, W. W. (1983). New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: Guidelines for research protocols. Annals of Neurology, 13, 227–231.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rao, S. M. & Hammeke, T. A. (1984). Hypothesis testing in patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. Drain and Cognition, 3, 94–104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rao, S. M., Hammeke, T. A., & Speech, T. J. (1987). Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance in relapsing-remitting and chronic-progressive multiple sclerosis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 263–265.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robinson, A. L., Heaton, R. K., Lehman, R. A. W., & Stilson, D. W. (1980). The utility of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in detecting and localizing frontal lobe lesions. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 48, 605–614.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed