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A numerical simulation of the interaction of a compliant wall and inviscid flow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2006

Anthony D. Lucey  and
Peter W. Carpenter
Anthony D. Lucey
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
Peter W. Carpenter
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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Abstract

A method for numerically simulating the hydroelastic behaviour of a passive compliant wall of finite dimensions is presented. Using unsteady potential flow, the perturbation pressures which arise from wall disturbances of arbitrary form are calculated through a specially developed boundary-element method. These pressures may then be coupled to a suitable solution procedure for the wall mechanics to produce an interactive model for the wall/flow system. The method is used to study the two-dimensional disturbances which may occur on a Kramer-type compliant wall of finite length. Finite-difference methods are used to yield wall solutions driven by the fluid pressure after some perturbation from the equilibrium position. Thus, histories of surface deflection and wall energy are obtained. Such a modelling of the physics of the system requires no presupposition of disturbance form.

A thorough investigation of divergence instability is carried out. Most of the results presented in this paper concern the response of the compliant wall while (and after) a point pressure pulse, carried in the applied flow, travels over the compliant panel. Above a critical flow speed and once sufficient time has passed, the compliant wall is shown to adopt the particular profile of an unstable mode. After this divergence mode has been established, instability is realized as a slowly travelling downstream wave. These features are in agreement with the findings of experimental studies. The role of wall damping is clarified: damping serves only to reduce the growth rate of the instability, leaving its onset flow speed unchanged. The present predictions provide an improvement upon some of the unrealistic aspects of predictions yielded by travelling-wave and standing-wave treatments of divergence instability.

The response of a long compliant panel after a single-point pressure-pulse initiation, applied at its midpoint, is simulated. At flow speeds higher than a critical value, parts of the formerly (at subcritical flow speeds) upstream-travelling wave system change to travel downstream and show amplitude growth. The development of this ‘upstream-incoming’ wave illustrates how divergence instability can occur at locations upstream of the point of initial excitation. Faster flexural waves transmit energy upstream, thereafter these disturbances can evolve into slow downstreamtravelling divergence waves. The spread of the instability to locations both downstream and upstream of the point of initial excitation indicates that divergence is an absolute instability. This behaviour and the effects of wall damping clarified by the present work strongly suggest that divergence is a Class C instability.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 234 , January 1992 , pp. 121 - 146
Copyright
© 1992 Cambridge University Press

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