Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T14:59:45.307Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Variation among wheat cultivars in the response of leaf gas exchange to light

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

A. Blum
A. Blum
Affiliation:
Institute of Field and Garden Crops, The Volcani Centre, PO Box 6, Bet Dagan, Israel
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

This research was done in order to explore genetic variation in carbon exchange rate (CER) of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves in response to variable photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and to compare old and new Israeli cultivarsin this respect. Leaf gas exchange was measured in detached turgid leaves of 17 cultivars inan open system at 25 °C when PAR was reduced from c. 1200 to 200 μmol/m2 per s. Linear regressions of CER, stomatal conductance, transpirationand leaf internal CO2 concentration (Ci) on log PAR were fitted for each leaf(regression r2 was never <0·79) and the regressions were compared among cultivars by analysis of variance.

Genotypes differed significantly for the slope (b) but not the intercept (a) of the regression of CER on log PAR, indicating that genotypic differences for CER increased with increasing PAR. Photosynthetic capacity, as expressed by the ratio of CER/Ci, differed significantly among cultivars only at high PAR. Stomatal conductanceand transpiration increased in a linear or a nonlinear fashion with log PAR and differences among cultivars for both were greatest at medium to low PAR. Photosynthetic water–use efficiency (WUE) and its variation among cultivars were greatest at the highest PAR. Genotypic variation in CER athigh PAR was confirmed by repeated results for 11 cultivars intwo independent experiments.

The recently developed high-yielding cultivar V652 had a higher maximum CER, higher photosynthetic capacity and greater WUE at high PAR than older and lower-yielding cultivars. The results suggest an upward genetic shift in photosynthetic capacity andin CER at high PAR when selection for yield was performed under the high-irradiation conditions of Israel.

Type
Crops and Soils
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 115 , Issue 3 , December 1990 , pp. 305 - 311
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Austin, R. B., Bingham, J., Blackwell, R. D., Evans, L. T., Ford, M. A., Morgan, C. L. & Taylor, M. (1980).Genetic improvement in winter wheat yields since 1900 and associated physiological changes. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 94, 675–689.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Austin, R. B., Morgan, C. L., Ford, M. A., Roscoe, T. J. & Miller, T. E. (1988). Increasing the photosynthetic capacity of wheat by genes from A genome of diploid species. In Proceedings of the 7th International Wheat Genetics Symposium, Cambridge, pp. 203–208.Google Scholar
Austin, R. B., Ford, M. A. & Morgan, C. L. (1989).Genetic improvement in the yield of winter wheat: a further evaluation. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 112, 295–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhagsari, A. S. & Brown, R. H. (1986). Leaf photosynthesis and its correlation with leaf area. Crop Science, 26, 127–132.Google Scholar
Blum, A. (1989). The temperature response of gas exchange in sorghum leaves and the effect of heterosis. Journal of Experimental Botany, 40, 453–460.Google Scholar
Bjorkman, O. (1981). Response to different quantum flux densities. In Responses to the Physical Environment. Physiological Plant Ecology I (Eds Lange, O. L., Nobel, P. S., Osmond, C. B. & Ziegler, H.), pp. 58–107. Berlin: Springer Verlag.Google Scholar
Cox, T. S., Shroyer, J. P., Liu, B. -H., Sears, R. G. & Martin, T. J. (1988). Genetic improvement in agronomic traits or hard red winter wheat cultivars from 1919 to 1987. Crop Science, 28,756–760.Google Scholar
Day, W. & Chalabi, Z. S. (1988). Use of models to investigate the link between the modification of photosynthesis characteristics and improved crop yield. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 26, 511–517.Google Scholar
Evans, L. T. & Dunstone, R. L. (1970). Some physiological aspects of evolution in wheat. Australian Journal of Biological Science, 23, 725–741.Google Scholar
Gent, M. P. N. & Kiyomoto, R. K. (1985). Comparison of canopy and flag leaf net carbon dioxide exchange of 1920 and 1977 New York winter wheats. Crop Science, 25, 81–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haour-Lurton, B. & Planchon, C. (1985). Role of Dgenome chromosomes in photosynthesis expression in wheats. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 69, 443–446.Google Scholar
Kaul, R. (1974). Potential net photosynthesis in flag leaves Wheat leaf gas exchange 311 of severely drought-stressed wheat cultivars and its relationship to grain yield. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 54, 811–815.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leech, R. M., Leese, B. M. & Jellings, A. J. (1985). Variation in cellular ribulose-1,5 biphosphate carboxylase content in leavesof Triticum cultivars at three levels of ploidy. Planta 166, 259–263.Google Scholar
Long, S. P. & Hallgren, J. E. (1985). Measurement of CO2 assimilation by plants in the field and the laboratory. In Techniques in Bioproductivity and Photosynthesis (Eds Coombs, J., Hall, D. O., Long, S. P. & Scurlock, J. M. O.), pp. 62–94. Oxford: Pergamon Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moran, R. & Porath, D. (1980). Chlorophyll determination in intact tissues using N, N-dimethylformamide. Plant Physiology,65, 478–479.Google Scholar
Rawson, H. M., Hindmarsh, J. H., Fischer, R. A. & Stockman, Y. M. (1983). Changes in leaf photosynthesis with plant ontogeny and relationships with yield per ear in wheat cultivars and 120 progeny. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 10, 503–514.Google Scholar
Siddique, K. H. M., Belford, R. K., Perry, M. W. & Tennant, D. (1989). Growth, development and light interception of old and modern wheat cultivars in a Mediterranean environment. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 40, 473–487.Google Scholar
Sinha, S. K., Aggarwal, P. K., Chaturvedi, G. S., Koundal, K. R. & Khannan-Chopra, R. (1981). A comparison of physiological and yield characters in old and new wheat cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 97, 233–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tu, Z. P., Lin, X. Z., Huang, Q. M., Cai, W. J., Feng, H. Y. & Ye, L. Y. (1988). Photosynthetic characterization of rice cultivars in relation to growth irradiance. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 15, 277–286.Google Scholar
Winzeler, H. & Nosberger, J. (1980). Carbon dioxide exchange of spring wheat in relation to age and photon flux density at different growth temperatures. Annals of Botany, 46, 685–693.CrossRefGoogle Scholar