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Ciprofloxacin Resistance Among Nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus in the United States

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Victor G. Coronado ,
Jonathan R. Edwards ,
David H. Culver ,
Robert P. Gaynes  and
The National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System
Victor G. Coronado
Affiliation:
Hospital Infections Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Jonathan R. Edwards
Affiliation:
Hospital Infections Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
David H. Culver
Affiliation:
Hospital Infections Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Robert P. Gaynes*
Affiliation:
Hospital Infections Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
*
Hospital Infections Program, Mailstop E-68, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30333
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Abstract

Objective:

We attempted to determine if an increase in resistance to ciprofloxacin occurred among nosocomial pathogens, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.

Methods:

We examined 1989-1992 ciprofloxacin susceptibility results from 8,517 P aeruginosa and 9,021 S aureus isolates associated with nosocomial infections reported to the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System.

Results:

For S aureus, 27.1% of isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin; of methicillin-resistant S aureus isolates, 80% also were resistant to ciprofloxacin. A logistic regression model found that ciprofloxacin resistance was more common among S aureus isolated from the urinary and respiratory tracts than from other sites of isolation, and among isolates that were methicillin resistant. After controlling for these factors, the model showed a 123% increase in the odds of ciprofloxacin resistance from 1989-1990 to 1991-1992. For P aeruginosa, 4.7% of the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Resistance varied by site of infection and rose most dramatically for respiratory tract isolates from 2.0% in 1989-1990 to 5.3% in 1991-1992.

Conclusion:

Resistance to ciprofloxacin is more frequent among nosocomial S aureus than among P aeruginosa and is increasing rapidly among S aureus isolates and from selected sites among P aeruginosa isolates.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , February 1995 , pp. 71 - 75
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 1995 

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