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Dates Are Not Just Data: Paleolithic Settlement Patterns in Siberia Derived from Radiocarbon Records

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Yaroslav V. Kuzmin  and
Susan G. Keates
Yaroslav V. Kuzmin
Affiliation:
Pacific Institute of Geography, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 7 Radio St., Vladivostok 690041, Russia (ykuzmin@tig.dvo.ru)
Susan G. Keates
Affiliation:
University Village, 601 S. Providence Rd., Columbia, MO 65203, USA (keats20039@yahoo.co.uk)
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Abstract

The large radiocarbon database now established for Paleolithic sites in Siberia and the Russian Far East can be used to build up a picture of relative population size in these regions. We consider the time period of ca. 46,000 to 12,000 B.P. for which we have assembled and critically studied 437 radiocarbon dates. All dates from individual sites that fall within 1,000 14C years are considered as a single event and called occupation episode. The results of our analysis show that the number of 14C dates until ca. 28,000 B.P. is small and increases at ca. 28,000–20,000 B.P, and dates decrease in frequency for the ca. 20,000–16,000 B.P. time range. It is after ca. 16,000 B.P. that we see a substantial rise in the number of 14C dates. In terms of the relative size of Siberian Paleolithic populations based on the frequency of occupation episodes, population density was small until ca. 36,000 B.P. Subsequently, population size increased gradually at ca. 36,000–16,000 B.P., and the growth rate became almost exponential at ca. 16,000–12,000 B.P. The number of occupations from ca. 20,000 to 18,000 B.P. did not decrease, running counter to arguments that Siberia was completely or considerably depopulated during the Last Glacial Maximum.

Résumé

Résumé

La gran base de datos de radiocarbono ahora establecida para sitios Paleolíticos en Siberia y el Lejano Oriente ruso se puede usar para construir una idea del tamaño relativo de la población en estas regiones. Analizamos el periodo de c. 46,000 a 12,000 a.P. en el cual hemos contando y estudiado críticamente 437 fechas de radiocarbono. Todas las fechas de sitios individuales que caen dentro de 1,000 años 14C de sí mismas se consideran parte de un solo evento y son denominadas como episodios de ocupación. Los resultados de nuestro análisis muestran que el número de fechas 14C anterior a c. 28,000 a.P. es pequeño, crecen de ca. 28,000 a.P. a 20.000 a.P, y que las fechas disminuyen en frecuencia en el periodo c. 20,000 a 16,000 a.P. De hecho, es hasta c. 16,000 a.P. que se ve un crecimiento en fechas de 14C En términos del tamaño relativo de poblaciones siberianas del periodo Paleolítico basado en la frecuencia de episodios de ocupación, la densidad de la población era pequeña hasta c. 36,000 a.P. Posteriormente, el tamaño de la población creció gradualmente en el periodo de c. 36,000 a 16,000 a.P., y el crecimiento se aproxima a un nivel exponencial en el periodo c. 16,000 a 12,000 a.P. El número de casos de ocupación de c. 20,000 a 18,000 a.P. también crece, contradiciendo el argumento de que Siberia estaba completamente o considerablemente abandonada durante la Ultima Glaciación Maxima.

Type
Reports
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American Antiquity , Volume 70 , Issue 4 , October 2005 , pp. 773 - 789
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 2005

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