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The Consequences of Social Processes: Aggregate Populations, Projectile Point Accumulation, and Subsistence Patterns in the American Southwest

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Fumiyasu Arakawa ,
Christopher Nicholson  and
Jeff Rasic
Fumiyasu Arakawa
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, New Mexico State University, and Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88001 (farakawa@nmsu.edu)
Christopher Nicholson
Affiliation:
Water Resources Data System, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071 (cnichol5@uwyo.edu)
Jeff Rasic
Affiliation:
University of Alaska Museum of the North, Fairbanks, Alabama 99701 (Jeff_Rasic@nps.gov)
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Abstract

Tracking broad-scale behavioral patterns using both lithics and faunal remains offers one line of evidence for investigating both prehistoric subsistence activities and the consequences of aggregation and increases in population size. Accumulation research, which examines the ratio of projectile points to cooking pottery sherds from the same context, shows a higher ratio of projectile points in areas with lower population densities. This pattern holds true when examining faunal assemblages and large-game procurement practices from A.D. 900 to 1300 in southwestern Colorado and southeastern Utah. This research demonstrates that social processes such as aggregation and increases in population density influence human hunting strategies as much as changes in natural environment, which lead to changes in a group’s dietary regime.

Resumen

Resumen

El estudio de los patrones de comportamiento humano a grandes rasgos, através de los restos líticos y faunísticos, nos ofreces una línea de evidencia apropiada para la investigación de la dieta prehistórica tal como la del crecimiento de población y las consecuencias de la agregación. Investigación de acumulación, un análisis de la proporción del número de puntas de proyectil relativo a lo de las piezas de cerámica, indique una cantidad alto de proyectiles en localidades con una densidad de población menor (en localidades menos poblados). Este patrón es válido también para describir las colecciones faunísticas y el estudio de estrategias de caza mayor en el suroeste de Colorado y sureste de Utah desde 900 a 1300 d.C. Los resultados demuestran el impacto de los procesos sociales, como la agregación y el crecimiento de intensidad de población de una zona, en las decisiones sobre el aprovechamiento de los recursos animales, lo cual es de igual importancia como los cambios ambientales, y de dichos decisiones resultan cambios en la dieta general.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 78 , Issue 1 , January 2013 , pp. 147 - 165
Copyright
Copyright © 2013 by the Society for American Archaeology.

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