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32 - Diatoms as non-native species

from Part V - Other applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

By
Sarah A. Spaulding ,
Cathy Kilroy  and
Mark B. Edlund
Edited by
John P. Smol  and
Eugene F. Stoermer
Sarah A. Spaulding
Affiliation:
University of Colorado
Cathy Kilroy
Affiliation:
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research New Zealand
Mark B. Edlund
Affiliation:
St. Croix Watershed Research Station
John P. Smol
Affiliation:
Queen's University, Ontario
Eugene F. Stoermer
Affiliation:
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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Summary

Introduction

The degree to which diatoms move across the Earth by natural processes is debatable (Finlay et al., 2002; Vyverman et al., 2007), but the inadvertent spread of diatoms in a globalized human society is apparent. In this chapter, we examine documentation of diatom introductions and their implications for aquatic ecosystems. For many organisms, especially larger ones, the ecologic, economic, and social impact of species introductions, or invasions, is relatively well known (Pimental et al., 2000). On the other hand, recognition of the microscopic trespasses of diatom species and their impact on ecosystems in new geographic areas is generally far less noticed.

A species is considered to be “non-native” if it is located in a region outside of its native geographic range. Non-native species are also referred to as introduced, non-indigenous, exotic, alien, or invasive. While some non-native species cause little harm, others cause severe ecosystem damage. The use of terminology, particularly the adoption of military words to describe species geographic distributions, elicits emotional reactions that influence scientific and popular responses (Larson et al., 2005). We recognize that much of the current literature employs these military metaphors, but we seek to promote an ecological perspective.

Even among well-known organisms, such as the common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) growing near Lake Superior, the distinction between native and non-native status may be unclear (Willis and Birks, 2006). The biogeographic distribution of diatoms, and microscopic organisms in general, is currently under debate.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Diatoms
Applications for the Environmental and Earth Sciences
 , pp. 560 - 569
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2010

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