Let R be a left Noetherian ring with the ascending chain condition on right annihilators, let α be a ring monomorphism of R and δ an α-derivation of R. We prove that, if R is semiprime or α-prime, then R[X;α, δ] is semiprimitive (and left Goldie), and that J(R[X;α]) equals N(R)[X;α].

Let G be an affine Kac–Moody group over ℂ, and V∞ an integrable simple quotient of a Verma module for g. Let Gmin be the subgroup of G generated by the maximal algebraic torus T, and the real root subgroups.

It is shown that (the least positive imaginary root) gives a character δ∈Hom(G, ℂ*) such that the pointwise character χ∞ of V∞ may be defined on Gmin ∩ G>1.

Let X be an infinite-dimensional complex Banach space and denote the set of bounded (compact) linear operators on X by B(X) (K(X)). Let N(A) and R(A) denote, respectively, the null space and the range space of an element A of B(X). Set R(A∞)=∩nR(An) and k(A)=dim N(A)/(N(A)∩R(A∞)). Let σg(A) = ℂ\{λ∈ℂ:R(A−λ) is closed and k(A−λ)=0} denote the generalized (regular) spectrum of A. In this paper we study the subset σgb(A) of σg(A) defined by σgb(A) = ℂ\{λ∈ℂ:R(A−λ) is closed and k(A−λ)<∞}. Among other things, we prove that if f is a function analytic in a neighborhood of σ(A), then σgb(f(A)) = f(σgb(A)).

If a differential equation with meromorphic coefficients has a certain form where the growth of one of the coefficients dominates the growth of the other coefficients in a finite union of angles, then we show that this puts restrictions on the deficiencies of any meromorphic solution of the equation. We use the spread relation in the proofs. Examples are given which show that our results are sharp in several ways. Most of these examples are constructed from the quotients of solutions of w″ + G(z)w = 0 for certain polynomials G(z) and from meromorphic functions which are extremal for the spread relation.

An algorithm is given for determining presence or absence of injectively (at the fundamental group level) immersed tori (and constructing them, if present) in a branched cover of S3, branched over the figure eight knot, with all branching indices greater than 2. Such tori are important for understanding the topology of 3-manifolds in light of (for example) the Jaco-Shalen–Johannson torus decomposition theorem and the fact that the figure eight knot is universal, i.e., that all 3-manifolds are representable as branched covers of S3, branched over the figure eight knot.

The algorithm is principally geometric in its derivation and graph-theoretic in its operation. It is applied to two examples, one of which has an incompressible torus and the other of which is atoroidal.

The paper studies dense Q-subalgebras of Banach and C*-algebras. It proves that the domain D(δ) of a closed unbounded derivation δ of a Banach unital algebra A automatically contains the identity and is a Q-subalgebra of A, so that SpA(x) = SpD(δ)(x) for all x∈D(δ). The paper shows that every finite-dimensional semisimple representation of a Q-subalgebra is continuous. It also shows that if π is an injective *-homomorphism of a dense locally normal Q*-subalgebra B of a C*-algebra, then ‖x‖≦‖π(x)‖ for all x∈B. The paper studies the link between closed ideals of a Banach algebra A and of its dense subalgebra B. In particular, if A is a C*-algebra and B is a locally normal *-subalgebra of A, then I→I∩B is a one-to-one mapping of the set of all closed two-sided ideals in A onto the set of all closed two-sided ideals in B and .

This paper considers the behaviour of a quotient map between Fréchet spaces concerning the lifting of bounded sets. The main result shows that a quotient map between Fréchet spaces that lifts bounded sets with closure (or equivalently such that its strong transpose is a topological isomorphism) must also lift bounded sets without closure.

We describe a class of soluble groups with a finite complete rewriting system which includes all the soluble groups known to have such a system. It is an open question, related to deep questions in the theory of groups, whether it includes all soluble groups with such a system.

Based on the theory of p-supersoluble and supersoluble groups, a prime-number parametrized family of canonical characteristic subgroups Γp(G) and their intersection Γ(G) is introduced in every finite group G and some of its properties are studied. Special interest is dedicated to an elementwise description of the largest p-nilpotent normal subgroup of Γp(G) and of the Fitting subgroup of Γ(G).

Let R be a commutative ring and {σ1,…,σn} a set of commuting automorphisms of R. Let T = be the skew Laurent polynomial ring in n indeterminates over R and let be the Laurent polynomial ring in n central indeterminates over R. There is an isomorphism φ of right R-modules between T and S given by φ(θj) = xj. We will show that the map φ induces a bijection between the prime ideals of T and the Γ-prime ideals of S, where Γ is a certain set of endomorphisms of the ℤ-module S. We can study the structure of the lattice of Γ-prime ideals of the ring S by using commutative algebra, and this allows us to deduce results about the prime ideal structure of the ring T. As an example, if R is a Cohen-Macaulay ℂ-algebra and the action of the σj on R is locally finite-dimensional, we will show that the ring T is catenary.

In this paper, we consider interpolants on h·ℤn from the closure of the space spanned by translates of the function (‖·‖2 + 1)β/2 (β>−n and not an even nonnegative integer) along h·ℤn. We show that these interpolants approximate a function, whose Fourier transform satisfies certain asymptotic conditions, up to an error of order hp, on any compact domain in ℝn, where p is only restricted by the smoothness of the function.

A short proof, based on the Schur complement, is given of the classical result that the determinant of a skew-symmetric matrix of even order is the square of a polynomial in its coefficients.

We construct an uncountable family of pairwise non-isomorphic rings Si, such that the corresponding full 2 by 2 matrix rings M2(Si) are all isomorphic to each other. The rings Si are Noetherian integral domains which are finitely-generated as modules over their centres.

Some new concepts are introduced, in particular that of a unique factorization semilattice. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for two principal ideals of the semilattice of idempotents of a free inverse monoid FIM(X) to be isomorphic and some properties of the Munn semigroup of E[FIM(X)] are obtained. Some results on the embedding of semilattices in E[FIM(X)] are also obtained.