Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vvkck Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-27T09:46:11.367Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 22 - Benign epithelial neoplasms and tumor-like proliferations of the lung

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2014

By
Douglas B. Flieder
Edited by
Philip Hasleton  and
Douglas B. Flieder
Philip Hasleton
Affiliation:
University of Manchester
Douglas B. Flieder
Affiliation:
Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia
Get access

Summary

Introduction

Despite the tremendous number of malignant epithelial lung neoplasms worldwide, benign epithelial tumors and tumor-like lesions are rare. Endobronchial and peripheral parenchymal lesions are both seen. While voluminous epidemiological and molecular information is lacking, lesional morphologies are well described. Recognizing these lesions as benign is of paramount importance.

Bronchial inflammatory polyps

Introduction

Although the upper respiratory tract is a common location for inflammatory polyps, for unknown reasons these non-neoplastic lesions are exceedingly rare in major bronchi or smaller-caliber airways. The World Health Organization (WHO) prefers the term bronchial inflammatory polyp to emphasize the non-neoplastic nature of the lesion. Fibroepithelial polyp, though commonly used, is a misnomer since the lesion has no true epithelial component. Nevertheless, the lesion is best discussed in this chapter along with true benign epithelial tumors.

Classification, cell of origin, pathogenesis and etiology

Inflammatory polyps are regenerative lesions representing exuberant, non-resolving, localized tissue repair following injury. As in all organs, if regeneration does not follow injury, a fibroproliferative tissue response patches the wound. This repair relies on tissue fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells, which form granulation tissue. The leaky blood vessels allow protein and red cell extravasation into the extravascular space and form a scaffold for fibroblasts and subsequent fibrillar collagen deposition. In most instances a scar forms but in some situations the granulation tissue persists. Inflammatory polyps are an example of this persistent exuberant tissue repair process, following mucosal erosion or ulceration. The bronchial mucosa is susceptible to many insults and immunological, infectious and environmental causes abound. Neonates, infants and children are particularly susceptible to prolonged intubations, mechanical ventilation and suction while infections, reflux and aspiration as well as thermal and chemical inhalation injuries are common factors in adults (Table 1). Of note, polyps may develop months after a respiratory problem, such as smoke inhalation, chemical inhalation or aspiration.

Type
Chapter
Information
Spencer's Pathology of the Lung , pp. 847 - 888
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Travis, WD, Colby, TV, Corrin, B, Shimosato, Y, Brambilla, E.Histological Typing of Lung and Pleural Tumours, 3rd ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1999.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenberg, JC.Bronchial polyps of inflammatory origin. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1969;57:848–52.Google ScholarPubMed
Freant, LJ, Sawyers, JL.Benign bronchial polyps and papillomas. Ann Thorac Surg 1971;11:460–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barzo, P, Molnar, L, Minik, K.Bronchial papillomas of various origins. Chest 1987;92:132–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berman, DE, Wright, ES, Edstrom, HW.Endobronchial inflammatory polyp associated with a foreign body. Successful treatment with corticosteroids. Chest 1984;86:483–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arguelles, M, Blanco, I.Inflammatory bronchial polyps associated with asthma. Arch Intern Med 1983;143:570–1.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Asano, T, Itoh, G, Itoh, M.Disseminated Mycobacterium intracellulare infection in an HIV-negative, nonimmunosuppressed patient with multiple endobronchial polyps. Respiration 2002;69:175–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, C, Devenny, AM, Brooker, R, Cockburn, JS, Kerr, KM.Inflammatory endobronchial polyposis with bronchiectasis in cystic fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2001;18:612–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, DO, Vanecko, RM, Glassroth, J.Endobronchial polyposis following smoke inhalation. Chest 1983;84:774–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ikeda, M, Ishida, H, Tsujimoto, S, Kato, H.Endobronchial inflammatory polyp after thoracoabdominal aneurysm surgery: a late complication of use of a double-lumen endobronchial tube. Anesthesiology 1996;84:1234–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arad, ID, Rosenmann, E.Main stem bronchial occlusion in a neonate. Intensive Care Med 1982;8:197–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adams, C, Moisan, T, Chandrasekhar, AJ, Warpeha, R.Endobronchial polyposis secondary to thermal inhalational injury. Chest 1979;75:643–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friedberg, J, Forte, V.Acquired bronchial injury in neonates. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1987;14:223–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gotoh, T, Fujii, T, Hiramori, N, et al. [A case of disseminated atypical mycobacteriosis with multiple bronchial polyps]. Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi 1990;28:1628–34.Google Scholar
Shale, DJ, Lane, DJ, Fisher, CW, Dunnill, MS.Endobronchial polyp in an asthmatic subject. Thorax 1983;38:75–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagai, H, Yoneda, R, Kawakami, K, et al. [A case of inflammatory bronchial polyp associated with pulmonary and bronchial tuberculosis]. Kekkaku 1992;67:549–53.Google Scholar
Niimi, A, Amitani, R, Ikeda, T, et al. Inflammatory bronchial polyps associated with asthma: resolution with inhaled corticosteroid. Eur Respir J 1995;8:1237–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Park, T, DiBenedetto, R, Morgan, K, Colmers, R, Sherman, E.Diffuse endobronchial polyposis following a titanium tetrachloride inhalation injury. Am Rev Respir Dis 1984;130:315–7.Google ScholarPubMed
McShane, D, Nicholson, AG, Goldstraw, P, et al. Inflammatory endobronchial polyps in childhood: clinical spectrum and possible link to mechanical ventilation. Pediatr Pulmonol 2002;34:79–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ross, P Jr, Magro, CM, King, MA.Endobronchial histoplasmosis: a masquerade of primary endobronchial neoplasia – a clinical study of four cases. Ann Thorac Surg 2004;78:277–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sugihara, R, Tsuda, T, Onizuka, O, et al. [A case of multiple inflammatory tracheo-bronchial polyps associated with chronic sinusitis]. Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi 1990;28:1494–8.Google Scholar
Sugimoto, Y, Kobayashi, H, Kanoh, S, Motoyoshi, K, Aida, S.[A case of bird fanciers' lung with endobronchial polyps]. Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi 2003;41:746–9.Google Scholar
Suda, A, Takiguchi, Y, Omori, S, et al. [Inflammatory bronchial polyps with a foreign body-like substance]. Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi 1997;35:965–8.Google Scholar
Urschel, JD, Dickout, WJ, Neuman, GD, Danyluk, JM.Bronchial polyp secondary to foreign body. Ann Thorac Surg 1993;56:398–400.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schnader, J, Harrell, J, Mathur, P, et al. Clinical conference on management dilemmas: bronchiectasis and endobronchial polyps. Chest 2002;121:637–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dincer, I, Demir, A, Akin, H, Melek, H, Altin, S.A giant endobronchial inflammatory polyp. Ann Thorac Surg 2005;80:2353–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snow, N, Fratianne, RB.Obstructing endobronchial inflammatory polyps: treatment with urgent laser photoablation. J Trauma 2001;50:753–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
White, RP Jr, Cordasco, EM, Ahmad, M, Sebek, BA.Multiple endobronchial polyposis; differentiation from squamous cell papillomas. Cleve Clin Q 1979;46:71–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mittelman, M, Fink, G, Mor, R, Avidor, I, Spitzer, S.Inflammatory bronchial polyps complicated by massive hemoptysis. Eur J Respir Dis 1986;69:63–6.Google ScholarPubMed
Caron, F, Dore, P, Boita, F, et al. [Inflammatory polyp: a rare benign endobronchial tumor]. Rev Pneumol Clin 1992;48:125–8.Google Scholar
Vontz, FK, Vitsky, BH.Giant bronchial polyp treated by emergency thoracotomy. Chest 1974;66:102–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Popat, HP, Sinn, J, Cooper, P.Endobronchial polyp in a neonate. J Paediatr Child Health 2010;46:354–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamagishi, M, Harada, H, Kurihara, M, et al. Inflammatory endotracheal polyp resolved after antibiotic treatment. Respiration 1993;60:193–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ushiki, A, Yasuo, M, Tanabe, T, et al. A rare case of a tracheal fibroepithelial polyp treated by an endobronchial resection. Intern Med 2008;47:1723–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Travis, WD, Brambilla, E, Müller-Hermelink, HK, Harris, CC.Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. Lyon: IARC Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Shope, RE.Infectious papillomatosis of rabbits. J Exp Med 1933;58:607–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flieder, DB, Koss, MN, Nicholson, A, et al. Solitary pulmonary papillomas in adults: a clinicopathologic and in situ hybridization study of 14 cases combined with 27 cases in the literature. Am J Surg Pathol 1998;22:1328–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Popper, HH, el-Shabrawi, Y, Wockel, W, et al. Prognostic importance of human papilloma virus typing in squamous cell papilloma of the bronchus: comparison of in situ hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction. Hum Pathol 1994;25:1191–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Popper, HH, Wirnsberger, G, Juttner-Smolle, FM, Pongratz, MG, Sommersgutter, M.The predictive value of human papilloma virus (HPV) typing in the prognosis of bronchial squamous cell papillomas. Histopathology 1992;21:323–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McNamee, CJ, Lien, D, Puttagunta, L, Conlan, AA.Solitary squamous papillomas of the bronchus: a case report and literature review. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2003;126:861–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Go, C, Schwartz, MR, Donovan, DT.Molecular transformation of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: viral typing and p53 overexpression. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2003;112:298–302.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reidy, PM, Dedo, HH, Rabah, R, et al. Integration of human papillomavirus type 11 in recurrent respiratory papilloma-associated cancer. Laryngoscope 2004;114:1906–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Franzmann, MB, Buchwald, C, Larsen, P, Balle, V.Tracheobronchial involvement of laryngeal papillomatosis at onset. J Laryngol Otol 1994;108:164–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kosko, JR, Derkay, CS.Role of cesarean section in prevention of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis – is there one?Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1996;35:31–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Derkay, CS.Task force on recurrent respiratory papillomas. A preliminary report. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1995;121:1386–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bauman, NM, Smith, RJ.Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Pediatr Clin North Am 1996;43:1385–401.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cheah, PL, Looi, LM.Biology and pathological associations of the human papillomaviruses: a review. Malays J Pathol 1998;20:1–10.Google ScholarPubMed
Shykhon, M, Kuo, M, Pearman, K.Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 2002;27:237–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shah, KV, Stern, WF, Shah, FK, Bishai, D, Kashima, HK.Risk factors for juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1998;17:372–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kashima, HK, Shah, F, Lyles, A, et al. A comparison of risk factors in juvenile-onset and adult-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Laryngoscope 1992;102:9–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abramson, AL, Steinberg, BM, Winkler, B.Laryngeal papillomatosis: clinical, histopathologic and molecular studies. Laryngoscope 1987;97:678–85.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Steinberg, BM, Meade, R, Kalinowski, S, Abramson, AL.Abnormal differentiation of human papillomavirus-induced laryngeal papillomas. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1990;116:1167–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shehata, BM, Otto, KJ, Sobol, SE, et al. E6 and E7 oncogene expression by human papilloma virus (HPV) and the aggressive behavior of recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis (RLP). Pediatr Dev Pathol 2008;11:118–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sisk, EA, Robertson, ES.Clinical implications of human papillomavirus infection. Front Biosci 2002;7:e77–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bejui-Thivolet, F, Chardonnet, Y, Patricot, LM.Human papillomavirus type 11DNA in papillary squamous cell lung carcinoma. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol 1990;417:457–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Inoue, Y, Oka, M, Ishii, H, et al. A solitary bronchial papilloma with malignant changes. Intern Med 2001;40:56–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roviaro, GC, Varoli, F, Pagnini, CA.Is the solitary papilloma of the bronchus always a benign tumor?ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 1981;43:301–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cheng, YW, Wu, MF, Wang, J, et al. Human papillomavirus 16/18 E6 oncoprotein is expressed in lung cancer and related with p53 inactivation. Cancer Res 2007;67:10686–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stanley, MA, Pett, MR, Coleman, N.HPV: from infection to cancer. Biochem Soc Trans 2007;35:1456–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buchinsky, FJ, Derkay, CS, Leal, SM, et al. Multicenter initiative seeking critical genes in respiratory papillomatosis. Laryngoscope 2004;114:349–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stern, Y, Felipovich, A, Cotton, RT, Segal, K.Immunocompetency in children with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: prospective study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2007;116:169–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snowden, RT, Thompson, J, Horwitz, E, Stocks, RM.The predictive value of serum interleukins in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: a preliminary study. Laryngoscope 2001;111:404–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Derkay, CS, Wiatrak, B.Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: a review. Laryngoscope 2008;118:1236–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abdullah, AK, Danial, BH, Zeid, A, Chaikhouni, A, Ejeckam, GC.Solitary bronchial papilloma presenting with recurrent dyspnea attacks: case report with computed tomography findings. Respiration 1991;58:62–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doyle, DJ, Gianoli, GJ, Espinola, T, Miller, RH.Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: juvenile versus adult forms. Laryngoscope 1994;104:523–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Katz, SL, Das, P, Ngan, BY, et al. Remote intrapulmonary spread of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis with malignant transformation. Pediatr Pulmonol 2005;39:185–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kramer, SS, Wehunt, WD, Stocker, JT, Kashima, H.Pulmonary manifestations of juvenile laryngotracheal papillomatosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1985;144:687–94.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cook, JR, Hill, DA, Humphrey, PA, Pfeifer, JD, El-Mofty, SK.Squamous cell carcinoma arising in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis with pulmonary involvement: emerging common pattern of clinical features and human papillomavirus serotype association. Mod Pathol 2000;13:914–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Borkowski, G, Sommer, P, Stark, T, Sudhoff, H, Luckhaupt, H.Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease in children. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1999;256:370–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gelinas, JF, Manoukian, J, Cote, A.Lung involvement in juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: a systematic review of the literature. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2008;72:433–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Katial, RK, Ranlett, R, Whitlock, WL.Human papilloma virus associated with solitary squamous papilloma complicated by bronchiectasis and bronchial stenosis. Chest 1994;106:1887–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miura, H, Tsuchida, T, Kawate, N, et al. Asymptomatic solitary papilloma of the bronchus: review of occurrence in Japan. Eur Respir J 1993;6:1070–3.Google ScholarPubMed
Ko, JM, Jung, JI, Park, SH, et al. Benign tumors of the tracheobronchial tree: CT-pathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006;186:1304–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yoon, YC, Lee, KS, Kim, TS, Seo, JB, Han, J.Benign bronchopulmonary tumors: radiologic and pathologic findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2002;26:784–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marchiori, E, Araujo, Neto C, Meirelles, GS, et al. Laryngotracheobronchial papillomatosis: findings on computed tomography scans of the chest. J Bras Pneumol 2008;34:1084–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zawadzka-Glos, L, Jakubowska, A, Chmielik, M, Bielicka, A, Brzewski, M.Lower airway papillomatosis in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2003;67:1117–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ruan, SY, Chen, KY, Yang, PC.Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis with pulmonary involvement: a case report and review of the literature. Respirology 2009;14:137–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rubel, L, Reynolds, RE.Cytologic description of squamous cell papilloma of the respiratory tract. Acta Cytol 1979;23:227–31.Google ScholarPubMed
Roglic, M, Jukic, S, Damjanov, I.Cytology of the solitary papilloma of the bronchus. Acta Cytol 1975;19:11–3.Google ScholarPubMed
Brightman, I, Morgan, JA, von Zwehl, D, Sheppard, MN.Cytological appearances of a solitary squamous cell papilloma with associated mucous gland adenoma in the lung. Cytopathology 1992;3:253–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parwani, AV, Sheth, S, Ali, SZ.Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: cytopathological findings in an unusual case. Diagn Cytopathol 2004;31:407–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gupta, D, Holden, J, Layfield, L.Topoisomerase alpha II, retinoblastoma gene product, and p53: potential relationships with aggressive behavior and malignant transformation in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2001;9:86–91.Google ScholarPubMed
Trillo, A, Guha, A.Solitary condylomatous papilloma of the bronchus. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1988;112:731–3.Google ScholarPubMed
Draganov, P, Todorov, S, Todorov, I, Karchev, T, Kalvatchev, Z.Identification of HPV DNA in patients with juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis using SYBR Green real-time PCR. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2006;70:469–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rabah, R, Lancaster, WD, Thomas, R, Gregoire, L.Human papillomavirus-11-associated recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is more aggressive than human papillomavirus-6-associated disease. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2001;4:68–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lele, SM, Pou, AM, Ventura, K, Gatalica, Z, Payne, D.Molecular events in the progression of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis to carcinoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002;126:1184–8.Google Scholar
Yousem, SA, Ohori, NP, Sonmez-Alpan, E.Occurrence of human papillomavirus DNA in primary lung neoplasms. Cancer 1992;69:693–7.3.0.CO;2-Y>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Welt, A, Hummel, M, Niedobitek, G, Stein, H.Human papillomavirus infection is not associated with bronchial carcinoma: evaluation by in situ hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction. J Pathol 1997;181:276–80.3.0.CO;2-L>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clavel, CE, Nawrocki, B, Bosseaux, B, et al. Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in bronchopulmonary carcinomas by hybrid capture II: a study of 185 tumors. Cancer 2000;88:1347–52.3.0.CO;2-2>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gorgoulis, VG, Zacharatos, P, Kotsinas, A, et al. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is possibly involved in laryngeal but not in lung carcinogenesis. Hum Pathol 1999;30:274–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schraff, S, Derkay, CS, Burke, B, Lawson, L.American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology members' experience with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis and the use of adjuvant therapy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004;130:1039–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kerley, SW, Buchon-Zalles, C, Moran, J, Fishback, JL.Chronic cavitary respiratory papillomatosis. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1989;113:1166–9.Google ScholarPubMed
Dedo, HH, Yu, KC.CO(2) laser treatment in 244 patients with respiratory papillomas. Laryngoscope 2001;111:1639–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dancey, DR, Chamberlain, DW, Krajden, M, et al. Successful treatment of juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis-related multicystic lung disease with cidofovir: case report and review of the literature. Chest 2000;118:1210–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wu, R, Coniglio, SJ, Chan, A, Symons, MH, Steinberg, BM.Up-regulation of Rac1 by epidermal growth factor mediates COX-2 expression in recurrent respiratory papillomas. Mol Med 2007;13:143–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ashmore, PG.Papilloma of the bronchus: case report. J Thorac Surg 1954;27:293–4.Google ScholarPubMed
Aida, S, Ohara, I, Shimazaki, H, et al. Solitary peripheral ciliated glandular papillomas of the lung: a report of 3 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2008;32:1489–94.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Basheda, S, Gephardt, GN, Stoller, JK.Columnar papilloma of the bronchus. Case report and literature review. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991;144:1400–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spencer, H, Dail, DH, Arneaud, J.Non-invasive bronchial epithelial papillary tumors. Cancer 1980;45:1486–97.3.0.CO;2-H>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abiko, T, Koizumi, S, Takanami, I, Tanaka, F.18F-FDG-PET/CT findings in primary pulmonary mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma. Ann Nucl Med 2011;25:227–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kadota, K, Haba, R, Katsuki, N, et al. Cytological findings of mixed squamous cell and glandular papilloma in the lung. Diagn Cytopathol 2010;38:913–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Franz, DN, Brody, A, Meyer, C, et al. Mutational and radiographic analysis of pulmonary disease consistent with lymphangioleiomyomatosis and micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia in women with tuberous sclerosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;164:661–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moss, J, Avila, NA, Barnes, PM, et al. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;164:669–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muir, TE, Leslie, KO, Popper, H, et al. Micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia. Am J Surg Pathol 1998;22:465–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Corrin, B, Liebow, AA, Friedman, PJ.Pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis. A review. Am J Pathol 1975;79:348–82.Google ScholarPubMed
Kobashi, Y, Yoshida, K, Miyashita, N, et al. Multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia in a man with tuberous sclerosis. Intern Med 2005;44:462–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kobashi, Y, Sugiu, T, Mouri, K, et al. Clinicopathological analysis of multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia associated with tuberous sclerosis in Japan. Respirology 2008;13:1076–81.Google ScholarPubMed
Popper, HH, Juettner-Smolle, FM, Pongratz, MG.Micronodular hyperplasia of type II pneumocytes – a new lung lesion associated with tuberous sclerosis. Histopathology 1991;18:347–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lantuejoul, S, Ferretti, G, Negoescu, A, Parent, B, Brambilla, E.Multifocal alveolar hyperplasia associated with lymphangioleiomyomatosis in tuberous sclerosis. Histopathology 1997;30:570–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guinee, D, Singh, R, Azumi, N, et al. Multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia: a distinctive pulmonary manifestation of tuberous sclerosis. Mod Pathol 1995;8:902–6.Google ScholarPubMed
van Slegtenhorst, M, de Hoogt, R, Hermans, C, et al. Identification of the tuberous sclerosis gene TSC1 on chromosome 9q34. Science 1997;277:805–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Identification and characterization of the tuberous sclerosis gene on chromosome 16. Cell 1993;75:1305–15.CrossRef
Maruyama, H, Seyama, K, Sobajima, J, et al. Multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia and lymphangioleiomyomatosis in tuberous sclerosis with a TSC2 gene. Mod Pathol 2001;14:609–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chuah, KL, Tan, PH.Multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia, lymphangiomyomatosis and clear cell micronodules of the lung in a Chinese female patient with tuberous sclerosis. Pathology 1998;30:242–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamanaka, A, Kitaichi, M, Fujimoto, T, et al. Multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia in a postmenopausal woman with tuberous sclerosis. Virchows Arch 2000;436:389–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aubry, MC, Myers, JL, Ryu, JH, et al. Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis in a man. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;162:749–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cancellieri, A, Poletti, V, Corrin, B.Respiratory failure due to micronodular type II pneumocyte hyperplasia. Histopathology 2002;41:263–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fujitaka, K, Isobe, T, Oguri, T, et al. A case of micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia diagnosed through lung biopsy using thoracoscopy. Respiration 2002;69:277–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wockel, W, Morresi-Hauf, A.[Micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia in pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis and tuberous sclerosis]. Pneumologie 2003;57:662–6.Google Scholar
Kamiya, H, Shinoda, K, Kobayashi, N, et al. Tuberous sclerosis complex complicated by pulmonary multinodular shadows. Intern Med 2006;45:275–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kobayashi, T, Satoh, K, Ohkawa, M.Multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia associated with tuberous sclerosis. Acta Radiol 2005;46:37–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ristagno, RL, Biddinger, PW, Pina, EM, Meyer, CA.Multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia in tuberous sclerosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005;184:S37–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nagar, AM, Teh, HS, Khoo, RN, et al. Multifocal pneumocyte hyperplasia in tuberous sclerosis. Thorax 2008;63:186.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wu, K, Tazelaar, HD.Pulmonary angiomyolipoma and multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia associated with tuberous sclerosis. Hum Pathol 1999;30:1266–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shintani, Y, Ohta, M, Iwasaki, T, et al. A case of micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia diagnosed through surgical resection. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010;16:45–7.Google ScholarPubMed
Flieder, DB, Travis, WD.Clear cell “sugar” tumor of the lung: association with lymphangioleiomyomatosis and multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia in a patient with tuberous sclerosis. Am J Surg Pathol 1997;21:1242–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayashi, T, Kumasaka, T, Mitani, K, et al. Loss of heterozygosity on tuberous sclerosis complex genes in multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia. Mod Pathol 2010;23:1251–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Montes, M, Adler, RH, Brennan, JC.Bronchiolar apocrine tumor. Am Rev Respir Dis 1966;93:946–50.Google ScholarPubMed
Mori, M, Chiba, R, Tezuka, F, et al. Papillary adenoma of type II pneumocytes might have malignant potential. Virchows Arch 1996;428:195–200.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yamamoto, T, Horiguchi, H, Shibagaki, T, et al. Encapsulated type II pneumocyte adenoma: a case report and review of the literature. Respiration 1993;60:373–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noguchi, M, Kodama, T, Shimosato, Y, et al. Papillary adenoma of type 2 pneumocytes. Am J Surg Pathol 1986;10:134–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shiota, Y, Matsumoto, H, Sasaki, N, et al. Solitary bronchioloalveolar adenoma of the lung. Respiration 1998;65:483–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fine, G, Chang, CH.Adenoma of type 2 pneumocytes with oncocytic features. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1991;115:797–801.Google ScholarPubMed
Fantone, JC, Geisinger, KR, Appelman, HD.Papillary adenoma of the lung with lamellar and electron dense granules. An ultrastructural study. Cancer 1982;50:2839–44.3.0.CO;2-#>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gesierich, W, Diwersy, C, Leinsinger, G, et al. [Papillary adenoma of type-II pneumocytes as a rare differential diagnosis of a solitary pulmonary nodule]. Pneumologie 2007;61:697–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kauffman, SL.Histogenesis of the papillary Clara cell adenoma. Am J Pathol 1981;103:174–80.Google ScholarPubMed
Kurotaki, H, Kamata, Y, Kimura, M, Nagai, K.Multiple papillary adenomas of type II pneumocytes found in a 13-year-old boy with von Recklinghausen's disease. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol 1993;423:319–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minami, Y, Morishita, Y, Yamamoto, T, et al. Cytologic characteristics of pulmonary papillary adenoma. A case report. Acta Cytol 2004;48:243–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sheppard, MN, Burke, L, Kennedy, M.TTF-1 is useful in the diagnosis of pulmonary papillary adenoma. Histopathology 2003;43:404–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hegg, CA, Flint, A, Singh, G.Papillary adenoma of the lung. Am J Clin Pathol 1992;97:393–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dessy, E, Braidotti, P, Del Curto, B, et al. Peripheral papillary tumor of type-II pneumocytes: a rare neoplasm of undetermined malignant potential. Virchows Arch 2000;436:289–95.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fukuda, T, Ohnishi, Y, Kanai, I, et al. Papillary adenoma of the lung. Histological and ultrastructural findings in two cases. Acta Pathol Jpn 1992;42:56–61.Google ScholarPubMed
Klein, J, Zhuang, Z, Lubensky, I, et al. Multifocal microcysts and papillary cystadenoma of the lung in von Hippel-Lindau disease. Am J Surg Pathol 2007;31:1292–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wada, A, Tateishi, R, Terazawa, T, Matsuda, M, Hattori, S.Case report: Lymphangioma of the lung. Arch Pathol 1974;98:211–3.Google ScholarPubMed
Al-Hilli, F.Lymphangioma (or alveolar adenoma?) of the lung. Histopathology 1987;11:979–80.Google ScholarPubMed
Burke, LM, Rush, WI, Khoor, A, et al. Alveolar adenoma: a histochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis of 17 cases. Hum Pathol 1999;30:158–67.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cavazza, A, Paci, M, De Marco, L, et al. Alveolar adenoma of the lung: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular study of an unusual case. Int J Surg Pathol 2004;12:155–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Menet, E, Etchandy-Laclau, K, Corbi, P, Levillain, P, Babin, P.[Alveolar adenoma: a rare peripheral pulmonary tumor]. Ann Pathol 1999;19:325–8.Google Scholar
Oliveira, P, Moura, Nunes JF, Clode, AL, da Costa, JD, Almeida, MO.Alveolar adenoma of the lung: further characterization of this uncommon tumour. Virchows Arch 1996;429:101–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Semeraro, D, Gibbs, AR.Pulmonary adenoma: a variant of sclerosing haemangioma of lung?J Clin Pathol 1989;42:1222–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yousem, SA, Hochholzer, L.Alveolar adenoma. Hum Pathol 1986;17:1066–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roque, L, Oliveira, P, Martins, C, et al. A nonbalanced translocation (10;16) demonstrated by FISH analysis in a case of alveolar adenoma of the lung. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1996;89:34–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sak, SD, Koseoglu, RD, Demirag, F, Akbulut, H, Gungor, A.Alveolar adenoma of the lung. Immunohistochemical and flow cytometric characteristics of two new cases and a review of the literature. APMIS 2007;115:1443–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fujimoto, K, Muller, NL, Sadohara, J, et al. Alveolar adenoma of the lung: computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. J Thorac Imaging 2002;17:163–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bohm, J, Fellbaum, C, Bautz, W, Prauer, HW, Hofler, H.Pulmonary nodule caused by an alveolar adenoma of the lung. Virchows Arch 1997;430:181–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hartman, MS, Epstein, DM, Geyer, SJ, Keenan, RJ.Alveolar adenoma. Ann Thorac Surg 2004;78:1842–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nussle, K, Kolokythas, O, Karhausen, J, Merkle, E.[Alveolar cell adenoma of the lung]. Rontgenpraxis 1997;50:29–30.Google Scholar
Halldorsson, A, Dissanaike, S, Kaye, KS.Alveolar adenoma of the lung: a clinicopathological description of a case of this very unusual tumour. J Clin Pathol 2005;58:1211–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gonzalez, ET, Sanchez-Yuste, R, Jimenez-Heffernan, JA.Cytologic features of pulmonary alveolar adenoma. Acta Cytol 2008;52:739–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koppl, H, Freudenberg, N, Berwanger, I, Frenzer, K, Bohm, N.[Alveolar adenoma of the lung. Immunohistochemical characterization of type II pneumocytes]. Pathologe 1996;17:150–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Papla, B, Malinowski, E.Alveolar adenoma of the lung – a report of two cases. Pol J Pathol 2003;54:147–52.Google Scholar
Siebenmann, RE, Odermatt, B, Hegglin, J, Binswanger, RO.[Alveolar cell adenoma. A newly defined benign lung tumor]. Pathologe 1990;11:48–54.Google Scholar
Dacic, S, Sasatomi, E, Swalsky, PA, et al. Loss of heterozygosity patterns of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma indicate a similar molecular pathogenesis. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2004;128:880–4.Google ScholarPubMed
Liebow, AA, Hubbell, DS.Sclerosing hemangioma (histiocytoma, xanthoma) of the lung. Cancer 1956;9:53–75.3.0.CO;2-U>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haas, JE, Yunis, EJ, Totten, RS.Ultrastructure of a sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. Cancer 1972;30:512–8.3.0.CO;2-H>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huszar, M, Suster, S, Herczeg, E, Geiger, B.Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. Immunohistochemical demonstration of mesenchymal origin using antibodies to tissue-specific intermediate filaments. Cancer 1986;58:2422–7.3.0.CO;2-2>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Xu, HM, Li, WH, Hou, N, et al. Neuroendocrine differentiation in 32 cases of so-called sclerosing hemangioma of the lung: identified by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. Am J Surg Pathol 1997;21:1013–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Katzenstein, AL, Weise, DL, Fulling, K, Battifora, H.So-called sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. Evidence for mesothelial origin. Am J Surg Pathol 1983;7:3–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spencer, H, Nambu, S.Sclerosing haemangiomas of the lung. Histopathology 1986;10:477–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Devouassoux-Shisheboran, M, Hayashi, T, Linnoila, RI, Koss, MN, Travis, WD.A clinicopathologic study of 100 cases of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma with immunohistochemical studies: TTF-1 is expressed in both round and surface cells, suggesting an origin from primitive respiratory epithelium. Am J Surg Pathol 2000;24:906–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kennedy, A.“Sclerosing haemangioma” of the lung: an alternative view of its development. J Clin Pathol 1973;26:792–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ng, WK, Fu, KH, Wang, E, Tang, V.Sclerosing hemangioma of lung: a close cytologic mimicker of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Diagn Cytopathol 2001;25:316–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Niho, S, Suzuki, K, Yokose, T, et al. Monoclonality of both pale cells and cuboidal cells of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. Am J Pathol 1998;152:1065–9.Google ScholarPubMed
Williams, LJ Jr, Greenberg, SD, Mace, ML Jr.Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma: sometimes a form of pulmonary hamartoma. South Med J 1982;75:665–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nagata, N, Dairaku, M, Sueishi, K, Tanaka, K.Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. An epithelial tumor composed of immunohistochemically heterogenous cells. Am J Clin Pathol 1987;88:552–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sartori, G, Bettelli, S, Schirosi, L, et al. Microsatellite and EGFR, HER2 and K-RAS analyses in sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. Am J Surg Pathol 2007;31:1512–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Satoh, Y, Tsuchiya, E, Weng, SY, et al. Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. A type II pneumocytoma by immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic studies. Cancer 1989;64:1310–7.3.0.CO;2-S>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, EH, Dai, SD, Qi, FJ, Hong-Tao, X, Wei, Q.Gene expression and clonality analysis of the androgen receptor and phosphoglycerate kinase genes in polygonal cells and cuboidal cells in so-called pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. Mod Pathol 2007;20:1208–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yoo, SH, Jung, KC, Kim, JH, et al. Expression patterns of markers for type II pneumocytes in pulmonary sclerosing hemangiomas and fetal lung tissues. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2005;129:915–9.Google ScholarPubMed
Leong, AS, Chan, KW, Seneviratne, HS.A morphological and immunohistochemical study of 25 cases of so-called sclerosing haemangioma of the lung. Histopathology 1995;27:121–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rodriguez-Soto, J, Colby, TV, Rouse, RV.A critical examination of the immunophenotype of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. Am J Surg Pathol 2000;24:442–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wu, CT, Chang, YL, Lee, YC.Expression of the estrogen receptor beta in 37 surgically treated pulmonary sclerosing hemangiomas in comparison with non-small cell lung carcinomas. Hum Pathol 2005;36:1108–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Amin, RM, Hiroshima, K, Miyagi, Y, et al. Role of the PI3K/Akt, mTOR, and STK11/LKB1 pathways in the tumorigenesis of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. Pathol Int 2008;58:38–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kalhor, N, Staerkel, GA, Moran, CA.So-called sclerosing hemangioma of lung: current concept. Ann Diagn Pathol 2010;14:60–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hosaka, N, Sasaki, T, Adachi, K, et al. Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma associated with familial adenomatous polyposis. Hum Pathol 2004;35:764–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Koning, DB, Drenth, JP, Oyen, WJ, et al. Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma detected by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in familial adenomatous polyposis: report of a case. Dis Colon Rectum 2007;50:1987–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harach, HR, Williams, GT, Williams, ED.Familial adenomatous polyposis associated thyroid carcinoma: a distinct type of follicular cell neoplasm. Histopathology 1994;25:549–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chiang, PM, Yuan, RH, Hsu, HC, et al. Frequent nuclear expression of beta-catenin protein but rare beta-catenin mutation in pulmonary sclerosing haemangioma. J Clin Pathol 2008;61:268–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dai, SD, Zhang, XW, Qi, FJ, Xu, HT, Wang, EH.Expression of E-cadherin, beta-catenin and p120ctn in the pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. Lung Cancer 2007;57:54–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jin, LJ, Shin, BK, Jung, WY, et al. Proteomic analysis of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. Proteomics 2006;6:4877–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Batinica, S, Gunek, G, Raos, M, Jelasic, D, Bogovic, M.Sclerosing haemangioma of the lung in a 4-year-old child. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2002;12:192–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katzenstein, AL, Gmelich, JT, Carrington, CB.Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung: a clinicopathologic study of 51 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 1980;4:343–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kim, GY, Kim, J, Choi, YS, et al. Sixteen cases of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung including unusual presentations. J Korean Med Sci 2004;19:352–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Choi, KH, Baek, HA, Park, HS, et al. Sclerosing hemangioma, presenting as a pneumonic pattern with mucinous adenomatous hyperplasia of the lung. Pathol Int 2008;58:735–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hishida, T, Yoshida, J, Nishimura, M, et al. Multiple sclerosing hemangiomas with a 10-year history. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2005;35:37–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nicholson, AG, Magkou, C, Snead, D, et al. Unusual sclerosing haemangiomas and sclerosing haemangioma-like lesions, and the value of TTF-1 in making the diagnosis. Histopathology 2002;41:404–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hayashi, A, Takamori, S, Mitsuoka, M, et al. Unilateral progressive multiple sclerosing hemangioma in a young female successfully treated by pneumonectomy: report of a case. Int Surg 2002;87:69–72.Google Scholar
Lee, ST, Lee, YC, Hsu, CY, Lin, CC.Bilateral multiple sclerosing hemangiomas of the lung. Chest 1992;101:572–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ahmetoglu, A, Kosucu, P, Imamoglu, M, et al. Sclerosing haemangioma arising within extralobar pulmonary sequestration. Pediatr Radiol 2003;33:641–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shibata, R, Mukai, M, Okada, Y, et al. A case of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung presenting as a gigantic tumor occupying the left thoracic cavity. Virchows Arch 2003;442:409–11.Google ScholarPubMed
Im, JG, Kim, WH, Han, MC, et al. Sclerosing hemangiomas of the lung and interlobar fissures: CT findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1994;18:34–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sakamoto, K, Okita, M, Kumagiri, H, et al. Sclerosing hemangioma isolated to the mediastinum. Ann Thorac Surg 2003;75:1021–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shimosato, Y.Lung tumors of uncertain histogenesis. Semin Diagn Pathol 1995;12:185–92.Google ScholarPubMed
Cheung, YC, Ng, SH, Chang, JW, et al. Histopathological and CT features of pulmonary sclerosing haemangiomas. Clin Radiol 2003;58:630–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hung, JJ, Liu, JS, Hsu, WH.Sclerosing hemangioma with an air halo. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008;136:1365–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nam, JE, Ryu, YH, Cho, SH, et al. Air-trapping zone surrounding sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2002;26:358–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Takatani, H, Ashizawa, K, Kawai, K, Kohno, S.Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma manifesting as a nodule with irregular air clefts on high-resolution CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007;189:W26–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fujiyoshi, F, Ichinari, N, Fukukura, Y, et al. Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung: MR findings and correlation with pathological features. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1998;22:1006–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fujiyoshi, F, Nakajo, M, Ikeda, K, et al. A case of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung: correlation of MR images with pathological findings. Radiat Med 1995;13:85–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Hara, M, Iida, A, Tohyama, J, et al. FDG-PET findings in sclerosing hemangioma of the lung: a case report. Radiat Med 2001;19:215–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Lin, KH, Chang, CP, Liu, RS, Wang, SJ.F-18 FDG PET/CT in evaluation of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. Clin Nucl Med 2011;36:341–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chan, AC, Chan, JK.Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma consistently expresses thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1): a new clue to its histogenesis. Am J Surg Pathol 2000;24:1531–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Devouassoux-Shisheboran, M, de la Fouchardiere, A, Thivolet-Bejui, F, et al. Endobronchial variant of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung: histological and cytological features on endobronchial material. Mod Pathol 2004;17:252–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wani, Y, Notohara, K, Tsukayama, C, Okumura, N.Sclerosing hemangioma with florid endobronchial and endobronchiolar growth. Virchows Arch 2007;450:221–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lu, YY, Ng, SH, Cheung, YC, et al. Concomitant pulmonary and mediastinal sclerosing haemangiomas. Br J Radiol 2004;77:438–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Khoury, JD, Shephard, MN, Moran, CA.Cystic sclerosing haemangioma of the lung. Histopathology 2003;43:239–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pekcolaklar, A, Turna, A, Urer, N, Gurses, A.Pulmonary sclerosing haemangioma mimicking hydatid cyst: a case report. Acta Chir Belg 2007;107:328–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hanaoka, J, Ohuchi, M, Inoue, S, et al. Bilateral multiple pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. Jpn J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005;53:157–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Joshi, K, Shankar, SK, Gopinath, N, Kumar, R, Chopra, P.Multiple sclerosing haemangiomas of the lung. Postgrad Med J 1980;56:50–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Komatsu, T, Fukuse, T, Wada, H, Sakurai, T.Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma with pulmonary metastasis. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006;54:348–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moran, CA, Zeren, H, Koss, MN.Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. Granulomatous variant. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1994;118:1028–30.Google ScholarPubMed
Yousem, SA, Wick, MR, Singh, G, et al. So-called sclerosing hemangiomas of lung. An immunohistochemical study supporting a respiratory epithelial origin. Am J Surg Pathol 1988;12:582–90.Google ScholarPubMed
Noguchi, M, Kodama, T, Morinaga, S, et al. Multiple sclerosing hemangiomas of the lung. Am J Surg Pathol 1986;10:429–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saluja, R, Pomplun, S, Eisen, T, Sheppard, MN, Nicholson, AG.Multiple combined sclerosing haemangiomas and tumourlets. A report of two patients with bilateral disease. Histopathology 2008;53:614–7.Google ScholarPubMed
Barbareschi, M, Colombetti, V, Ferrero, S, Yousem, SA, Singh, G.Sclerosing haemangioma of the lung. Histol Histopathol 1992;7:209–12.Google ScholarPubMed
Miyagawa-Hayashino, A, Tazelaar, HD, Langel, DJ, Colby, TV.Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma with lymph node metastases: report of 4 cases. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2003;127:321–5.Google ScholarPubMed
Chan, AC, Chan, JK.Can pulmonary sclerosing haemangioma be accurately diagnosed by intra-operative frozen section?Histopathology 2002;41:392–403.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Majak, BM, Bock, G.Pulmonary sclerosing haemangioma diagnosed by frozen section. Histopathology 2003;42:621–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Majak, MB, Kroka, E.Cytological imprint in frozen section diagnosis of sclerosing haemangioma of the lung: a case report. Mater Med Pol 1994;26:73–4.Google ScholarPubMed
van Wyk, Q, Suvarna, SK.Frozen section diagnosis of fibrotic sclerosing pneumocytoma with psammomatous calcification. Histopathology 2003;43:504–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marchevsky, AM, Changsri, C, Gupta, I, et al. Frozen section diagnoses of small pulmonary nodules: accuracy and clinical implications. Ann Thorac Surg 2004;78:1755–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaw, YT, Nayak, RN.Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. A case report. Acta Cytol 1993;37:933–7.Google ScholarPubMed
Gal, AA, Nassar, VH, Miller, JI.Cytopathologic diagnosis of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. Diagn Cytopathol 2002;26:163–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, SE, Nieberg, RK.Fine needle aspiration cytology of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung, a mimicker of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Acta Cytol 1986;30:51–4.Google ScholarPubMed
Chow, LT, Chan, SK, Chow, WH, Tsui, MS.Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. Report of a case with diagnosis by fine needle aspiration. Acta Cytol 1992;36:287–92.Google ScholarPubMed
Iyoda, A, Baba, M, Saitoh, H, et al. Imprint cytologic features of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma: comparison with well-differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma. Cancer 2002;96:146–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, E, Lin, D, Wang, Y, Wu, G, Yuan, X.Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural markers suggest different origins for cuboidal and polygonal cells in pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. Hum Pathol 2004;35:503–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yamazaki, K.Type-II pneumocyte differentiation in pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma: ultrastructural differentiation and immunohistochemical distribution of lineage-specific transcription factors (TTF-1, HNF-3 alpha, and HNF-3 beta) and surfactant proteins. Virchows Arch 2004;445:45–53.Google ScholarPubMed
Stahlman, MT, Gray, ME, Whitsett, JA.Expression of thyroid transcription factor-1(TTF-1) in fetal and neonatal human lung. J Histochem Cytochem 1996;44:673–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Endo, H, Oka, T.An immunohistochemical study of bronchial cells producing surfactant protein A in the developing human fetal lung. Early Hum Dev 1991;25:149–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Khoor, A, Gray, ME, Hull, WM, Whitsett, JA, Stahlman, MT.Developmental expression of SP-A and SP-A mRNA in the proximal and distal respiratory epithelium in the human fetus and newborn. J Histochem Cytochem 1993;41:1311–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khoor, A, Stahlman, MT, Gray, ME, Whitsett, JA.Temporal-spatial distribution of SP-B and SP-C proteins and mRNAs in developing respiratory epithelium of human lung. J Histochem Cytochem 1994;42:1187–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stahlman, MT, Gray, ME, Whitsett, JA.The ontogeny and distribution of surfactant protein B in human fetuses and newborns. J Histochem Cytochem 1992;40:1471–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nakatani, Y, Inayama, Y, Kamijo, S, Ogawa, N.Sclerosing lung hemangioma. Am J Surg Pathol 1999;23:240–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aihara, T, Nakajima, T.Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung: pathological study and enzyme immunoassay for estrogen and progesterone receptors. Acta Pathol Jpn 1993;43:507–15.Google ScholarPubMed
Ohori, NP, Yousem, SA, Sonmez-Alpan, E, Colby, TV.Estrogen and progesterone receptors in lymphangioleiomyomatosis, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, and sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. Am J Clin Pathol 1991;96:529–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heikkila, P, Salminen, US.Papillary pneumocytoma of the lung. An immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study. Pathol Res Pract 1994;190:194–200.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hill, GS, Eggleston, JC.Electron microscopic study of so-called “pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma”. Report of a case suggesting epithelial origin. Cancer 1972;30:1092–106.3.0.CO;2-K>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kay, S, Still, WJ, Borochovitz, D.Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung: an endothelial or epithelial neoplasm?Hum Pathol 1977;8:468–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mikuz, G, Szinicz, G, Fischer, H.Sclerosing angioma of the lung. Case report and electron microscope investigation. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol 1979;385:93–101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Palacios, JJ, Escribano, PM, Toledo, J, et al. Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung: an ultrastructural study. Cancer 1979;44:949–55.3.0.CO;2-7>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Park, YK, Yang, MH.So-called sclerosing hemangioma of the lung – two cases report with ultrastructural study. J Korean Med Sci 1989;4:179–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, Y, Dai, SD, Qi, FJ, Xu, HT, Wang, EH.p53 protein expression and genetic mutation in two primary cell types in pulmonary sclerosing haemangioma. J Clin Pathol 2008;61:192–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cho, SJ, Jin, LJ, Kim, BY, et al. Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and tubulin-alpha in pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. Oncol Rep 2007;18:1139–44.Google ScholarPubMed
Tanaka, I, Inoue, M, Matsui, Y, et al. A case of pneumocytoma (so-called sclerosing hemangioma) with lymph node metastasis. Jpn J Clin Oncol 1986;16:77–86.Google ScholarPubMed
Yano, M, Yamakawa, Y, Kiriyama, M, Hara, M, Murase, T.Sclerosing hemangioma with metastases to multiple nodal stations. Ann Thorac Surg 2002;73:981–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Suzuki, H, Saitoh, Y, Koh, E, et al. Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma with pleural dissemination: report of a case. Surgery Today 2011;41:258–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kim, KH, Sul, HJ, Kang, DY.Sclerosing hemangioma with lymph node metastasis. Yonsei Med J 2003;44:150–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jungraithmayr, W, Eggeling, S, Ludwig, C, Kayser, G, Passlick, B.Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung: a benign tumour with potential for malignancy?Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006;12:352–4.Google ScholarPubMed
Wei, S, Tian, J, Song, X, Chen, Y.Recurrence of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008;56:120–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Engleman, P, Liebow, AA, Gmelich, J, Friedman, PJ.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. Am Rev Respir Dis 1977;115:997–1008.Google ScholarPubMed
Young, AS, Binkovitz, LA, Adler, BH, Nicol, KK, Rennebohm, RM.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma and retroperitoneal fibrosis in an adolescent. Pediatr Radiol 2007;37:91–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yousem, SA, Hochholzer, L.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. Am J Clin Pathol 1987;87:1–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Khilnani, GC, Kumar, A, Gupta, SD, Surendranath, A, Sharma, S.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma presenting with dysphagia. J Assoc Physicians India 2003;51:519–21.Google ScholarPubMed
Lvovsky, D, Rosman, J, Iliescu, M.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma (PHG) presenting as bilateral dense apical masses. Chest 2004;126:950S–1S.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuramochi, S, Kawai, T, Yakumaru, K, et al. Multiple pulmonary hyalinizing granulomas associated with systemic idiopathic fibrosis. Acta Pathol Jpn 1991;41:375–82.Google ScholarPubMed
Shinohara, T, Kaneko, T, Miyazawa, N, et al. Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma with laryngeal and subcutaneous involvement: report of a case successfully treated with glucocorticoids. Intern Med 2004;43:69–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dent, RG, Godden, DJ, Stovin, PG, Stark, JE.Pulmonary hyalinising granuloma in association with retroperitoneal fibrosis. Thorax 1983;38:955–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chalaoui, J, Gregoire, P, Sylvestre, J, Lefebvre, R, Amyot, R.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma: a cause of pulmonary nodules. Radiology 1984;152:23–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Agrawal, D, Deshpande, R, Maheshwari, S, Patel, A, Udwadia, ZF.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma with ureteric fibrosis: a case report and review of relevant literature. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2006;48:283–5.Google ScholarPubMed
Koss, M.Unusual tumor-like conditions of the lung. Advances in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 1994;7:136–40.Google Scholar
Atagi, S, Sakatani, M, Akira, M, Yamamoto, S, Ueda, E.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma with Castleman's disease. Intern Med 1994;33:689–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
John, PG, Rahman, J, Payne, CB.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma: an unusual association with multiple sclerosis. South Med J 1995;88:1076–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liu, T, Kyrollos, M, Kravcik, S.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma in HIV/AIDS. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2007;18:305–7.Google ScholarPubMed
Ren, Y, Raitz, EN, Lee, KR, Pingleton, SK, Tawfik, O.Pulmonary small lymphocytic lymphoma (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type) associated with pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. Chest 2001;120:1027–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Satti, MB, Batouk, AA, Abdelaziz, MM, Ahmad, MF, Abdelaal, MA.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. Bilateral pulmonary nodules associated with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Saudi Med J 2005;26:1459–63.Google ScholarPubMed
Winger, DI, Spiegler, P, Trow, TK, et al. Radiology-Pathology Conference: pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma associated with lupus-like anticoagulant and Morvan's Syndrome. Clin Imaging 2007;31:264–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schlosnagle, DC, Check, IJ, Sewell, CW, et al. Immunologic abnormalities in two patients with pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. Am J Clin Pathol 1982;78:231–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gorini, M, Forloni, F, Pezzoli, A, Pezzica, E.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. A limited form of Wegener's granulomatosis?Ann Ital Med Int 1998;13:176–9.Google ScholarPubMed
Hashimoto, S, Fujii, W, Takahashi, T, et al. Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma with hydronephrosis. Intern Med 2002;41:463–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Patel, Y, Ishikawa, S, MacDonnell, KF.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma presenting as multiple cavitary calcified nodules. Chest 1991;100:1720–1.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shibata, Y, Kobayashi, T, Hattori, Y, et al. High-resolution CT findings in pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. J Thorac Imaging 2007;22:374–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Basoglu, A, Findik, S, Celik, B, Yildiz, L.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma mimicking lung carcinoma. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006;54:282–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Colen, RR, Nagle, JA, Wittram, C.Radiologic-pathologic conference of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007;188:W15–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Esme, H, Ermis, SS, Fidan, F, Unlu, M, Dilek, FH.A case of pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma associated with posterior uveitis. Tohoku J Exp Med 2004;204:93–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Russell, AF, Suggit, RI, Kazzi, JC.Pulmonary hyalinising granuloma: a case report and literature review. Pathology 2000;32:290–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramirez, J, Mehta, JB, Taylor, RA, Byrd, RP Jr, Roy, TM.Symptomatic pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. South Med J 1998;91:867–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Na, KJ, Song, SY, Kim, JH, Kim, YC.Subpleural pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma presenting as a solitary pulmonary nodule. J Thorac Oncol 2007;2:777–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lien, CT, Yang, CJ, Yang, SF, Chou, SH, Huang, MS.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma mimicking multiple lung metastases: report of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission findings. J Thorac Imaging 2010;25:36–9.Google ScholarPubMed
Guccion, JG, Rohatgi, PK, Saini, N.Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. Electron microscopic and immunologic studies. Chest 1984;85:571–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vezzani, G, Cavazza, A, Rossi, G, et al. [Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma. Clinicopathologic study of 2 cases, with some original ultrastructural observations and review of the literature]. Pathologica 2004;96:23–8.Google Scholar
Yamamoto, H, Yamaguchi, H, Aishima, S, et al. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor versus IgG4-related sclerosing disease and inflammatory pseudotumor: a comparative clinicopathologic study. Am J Surg Pathol 2009;33:1330–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yi, E, Aubry, MC.Pulmonary pseudoneoplasms. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2010;134:417–26.Google ScholarPubMed
Lattes, R, Shepard, F, Tovell, H, Wylie, R.A clinical and pathologic study of endometriosis of the lung. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1956;103:552–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Samson, J.Metastatic or embolic endometriosis, due to the menstrual dissemination of endometrial tissue into the venous circulation. Am J Pathol 1927;3:93–109.Google Scholar
Augoulea, A, Lambrinoudaki, I, Christodoulakos, G.Thoracic endometriosis syndrome. Respiration 2008;75:113–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Joseph, J, Sahn, SA.Thoracic endometriosis syndrome: new observations from an analysis of 110 cases. Am J Med 1996;100:164–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martire, B, Loizzi, M, Cimmino, A, et al. Catamenial hemoptysis from endobronchial endometriosis in a child with type 1 von Willebrand disease. Pediatr Pulmonol 2007;42:386–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terada, Y, Chen, F, Shoji, T, et al. A case of endobronchial endometriosis treated by subsegmentectomy. Chest 1999;115:1475–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Assor, D.Endometriosis of the lung: report of a case. Am J Clin Pathol 1972;57:311–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flieder, DB, Moran, CA, Travis, WD, Koss, MN, Mark, EJ.Pleuro-pulmonary endometriosis and pulmonary ectopic deciduosis: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 10 cases with emphasis on diagnostic pitfalls. Hum Pathol 1998;29:1495–503.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, HC, Kuo, PH, Kuo, SH, Luh, KT.Catamenial hemoptysis from tracheobronchial endometriosis: reappraisal of diagnostic value of bronchoscopy and bronchial brush cytology. Chest 2000;118:1205–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ludwig, M, Bauer, O, Wiedemann, GJ, Diedrich, K.Ureteric and pulmonary endometriosis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2001;265:158–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Foster, DC, Stern, JL, Buscema, J, Rock, JA, Woodruff, JD.Pleural and parenchymal pulmonary endometriosis. Obstet Gynecol 1981;58:552–6.Google ScholarPubMed
Johnson, MM.Catamenial pneumothorax and other thoracic manifestations of endometriosis. Clin Chest Med 2004;25:311–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Elliot, DL, Barker, AF, Dixon, LM.Catamenial hemoptysis. New methods of diagnosis and therapy. Chest 1985;87:687–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yu, Z, Fleischman, JK, Rahman, HM, Mesia, AF, Rosner, F.Catamenial hemoptysis and pulmonary endometriosis: a case report. Mt Sinai J Med 2002;69:261–3.Google ScholarPubMed
Parker, CM, Nolan, R, Lougheed, MD.Catamenial hemoptysis and pneumothorax in a patient with cystic fibrosis. Can Respir J 2007;14:295–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cassina, PC, Hauser, M, Kacl, G, et al. Catamenial hemoptysis. Diagnosis with MRI. Chest 1997;111:1447–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, CH, Huang, YC, Huang, SF, Wu, YK, Kuo, KT.Thoracic endometriosis: rare presentation as a solitary pulmonary nodule with eccentric cavitations. Thorax 2009;64:919–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Channabasavaiah, AD, Joseph, JV.Thoracic endometriosis: revisiting the association between clinical presentation and thoracic pathology based on thoracoscopic findings in 110 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2010;89:183–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Byanyima, RK.Menstruation in an unusual place: a case of thoracic endometriosis in Kampala, Uganda. Afr Health Sci 2001;1:97–8.Google Scholar
Chung, SY, Kim, SJ, Kim, TH, et al. Computed tomography findings of pathologically confirmed pulmonary parenchymal endometriosis. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2005;29:815–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Puma, F, Carloni, A, Casucci, G, et al. Successful endoscopic Nd-YAG laser treatment of endobronchial endometriosis. Chest 2003;124:1168–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kiyan, E, Kilicaslan, Z, Caglar, E, et al. An unusual radiographic finding in pulmonary parenchymal endometriosis. Acta Radiol 2002;43:164–6.Google ScholarPubMed
Park, YB, Heo, GM, Moon, HK, et al. Pulmonary endometriosis resected by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Respirology 2006;11:221–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Volkart, JR.CT findings in pulmonary endometriosis. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1995;19:156–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Derman, AY, Sperling, D, Merav, A, et al. Endometrioma presenting as a cavitary lung mass with intense 18F-FDG uptake on PET-CT. J Thorac Imaging 2007;22:172–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bateman, ED, Morrison, SC.Catamenial haemoptysis from endobronchial endometriosis – a case report and review of previously reported cases. Respir Med 1990;84:157–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Butler, H, Lake, KB, Van Dyke, JJ.Bronchial endometriosis and bronchiectasis. A possible relationship. Arch Intern Med 1978;138:991–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hope-Gill, B, Prathibha, BV.Catamenial haemoptysis and clomiphene citrate therapy. Thorax 2003;58:89–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ozvaran, MK, Baran, R, Sogukpmar, O, et al. Histopathological diagnosis of endobronchial endometriosis treated with argon laser. Respirology 2006;11:348–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huber, M, Wierrani, F, Bohm, G, et al. Multiple endometrial stromal nodules with sparse cysts and glands in the lung – a nodular variation of endometriosis that may mimic metastases of sarcoma. Pathol Res Pract 1999;195:59–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elbek, O, Borekci, S, Dikensoy, E, et al. Catamenial hemoptysis. Tuberk Toraks 2008;56:87–91.Google ScholarPubMed
Granberg, I, Willems, JS.Endometriosis of lung and pleura diagnosed by aspiration biopsy. Acta Cytol 1977;21:295–7.Google ScholarPubMed
Shiota, Y, Umemura, S, Arikita, H, et al. A case of parenchymal pulmonary endometriosis, diagnosed by cytologic examination of bronchial washing. Respiration 2001;68:439.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hobbs, J.Endometriosis of the lungs: an experimental and clinical study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1940;40:832–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rossi, NP, Goplerud, CP.Recurrent catamenial pneumothorax. Arch Surg 1974;109:173–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alifano, M, Trisolini, R, Cancellieri, A, Regnard, JF.Thoracic endometriosis: current knowledge. Ann Thorac Surg 2006;81:761–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kervancioglu, S, Andic, C, Bayram, N, et al. Bronchial artery embolization in the management of pulmonary parenchymal endometriosis with hemoptysis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2008;31:824–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chao, YK, Ko, PJ, Yeow, KM, Liu, YH.Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for catamenial hemoptysis: the rationale of preoperative computed tomography-guided hook-wire localization. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2006;16:437–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haruki, T, Fujioka, S, Adachi, Y, et al. Successful video-assisted thoracic surgery for pulmonary endometriosis: report of a case. Surg Today 2007;37:141–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×