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9 - Arterial Stiffness and Blood Pressure during the Aging Process

from Part I - Biomedical Aspects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2019

By
Athanase Benetos ,
Magnus Bäck ,
Michel E. Safar  and
Harold Smulyan
Edited by
Rocío Fernández-Ballesteros ,
Athanase Benetos  and
Jean-Marie Robine
Rocío Fernández-Ballesteros
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Athanase Benetos
Affiliation:
Université de Lorraine and Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) Nancy
Jean-Marie Robine
Affiliation:
INSERM
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Summary

The progressive increase of aortic stiffness with age contributes to the development of systolic hypertension, and several cardiovascular alterations often leading to the heart failure, which is one of the most common causes of not only death, but also loss of autonomy, poor quality of life and repeated hospitalization in older adults. In addition, age-related vascular changes play an important role in the development of kidney and brain abnormalities as observed in chronic kidney disease, vascular dementia and also Alzheimer’s disease. Using methods that can measure non-invasively arterial stiffness is has been shown that this parameter is an independent strong determinant of cardiovascular complications, cognitive decline, and other age-related diseases. Clinical trials should determine and predict to what extent non-drug and drug therapeutic strategies might attenuate the increase of aortic stiffness with age. Non-pharmacological prevention, including dietary interventions and increased physical activity may have some effects on this process. Drug therapy requires further research on the mechanisms of systolic hypertension and the possible role of vascular smooth muscle and extracellular matrix. All treatments require investigations on the potential new goal of reducing the age-related increase in aortic stiffness.
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Successful Aging , pp. 131 - 152
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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