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6 - Telomere Dynamics and Aging Related Diseases

from Part I - Biomedical Aspects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2019

By
Simon Toupance  and
Athanase Benetos
Edited by
Rocío Fernández-Ballesteros ,
Athanase Benetos  and
Jean-Marie Robine
Rocío Fernández-Ballesteros
Affiliation:
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Athanase Benetos
Affiliation:
Université de Lorraine and Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) Nancy
Jean-Marie Robine
Affiliation:
INSERM
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Summary

Telomeres are specialised non-coding repetitive DNA-protein structures that form protective caps at the ends of eucaryotic chromosomes. They safeguard the chromosome ends, maintain genomic integrity and play a crucial role in replicative senescence, one of the main mechanisms of aging in cultured somatic cells. In epidemiological studies, short telomere length (TL) has been associated with increased risk of degenerative diseases and diminished survival. TL at birth, which is strongly determined genetically, and TL attrition during growth are seemingly the main explanation for inter-individual variation in TL across adults. This implies that the association between TL and adult-onset diseases largely reflects elements that have fashioned TL during early life.
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Successful Aging , pp. 66 - 90
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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