Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-2pzkn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-30T20:13:11.771Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Part VI - Social relations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2015

Edited by
Michio Nakamura ,
Kazuhiko Hosaka ,
Noriko Itoh  and
Koichiro Zamma
Michio Nakamura
Affiliation:
Kyoto University, Japan
Kazuhiko Hosaka
Affiliation:
Kamakura Women’s University, Japan
Noriko Itoh
Affiliation:
Kyoto University, Japan
Koichiro Zamma
Affiliation:
Great Ape Research Institute
Get access

Summary

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Mahale Chimpanzees
50 Years of Research
 , pp. 385 - 432
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2015

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

Duffy, K. G., Wrangham, R. W., and Silk, J. B. (2007). Male chimpanzees exchange political support for mating opportunities. Current Biology, 17, R586–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goodall, J. (1986). The Chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of Behavior. Cambridge, MA: Belknap.Google Scholar
Goodall, J. (1992). Unusual violence in the overthrow of an alpha male chimpanzee at Gombe. In Topics in Primatology, Vol. 1: Human Origins, ed. Nishida, T., McGrew, W. C., Marler, P., Pickford, M., and de Waal, F. B. M.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 131–42.Google Scholar
Gruter, M. and Roger, D. M. (1986). Ostracism as a social and biological phenomenon: an introduction. Ethology and Sociobiology, 7, 149–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamai, M. (1994). [“Attractive” females for male chimpanzees?] Primate Research, 10, 33–40. In Japanese with English summary.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hasegawa, T. and Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, M. (1983). Opportunistic and restrictive matings among wild chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania. Journal of Ethology, 1, 75–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hasegawa, T. and Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, M. (1990). Sperm competition and mating behavior. In The Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains: Sexual and Life History Strategies, ed. Nishida, T.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 115–32.Google Scholar
Hayaki, H. (1985). Copulation of adolescent male chimpanzees, with special reference to the influence of adult males, in the Mahale National Park, Tanzania. Folia Primatologica, 44, 148–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayaki, H. (1988). Association patterns of young chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. Primates, 29, 147–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayaki, H. (1990a). [The Human within Chimpanzee.] Tokyo: Shōka-bō. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Hayaki, H. (1990b). Social context of pant-grunting in young chimpanzees. In The Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains: Sexual and Life History Strategies, ed. Nishida, T.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 189–206.Google Scholar
Hayaki, H. (1992). [Grooming patterns of young males in a chimpanzee unit-group at the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania.] Bulletin of Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 4, 83–105. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Hayaki, H. (1994). [Social relations of the second ranking male chimpanzee at M group of the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania.] Primate Research, 10, 289–305. In Japanese with English summary.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayaki, H. (1998). [Agonistic interactions of young male chimpanzees at Mahale Mountains National Park.] Bulletin of Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 16, 1–16. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Hayaki, H., Huffman, M. A., and Nishida, T. (1989). Dominance among male chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania: a preliminary study. Primates, 30, 187–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, M. (1987). Infanticide in primates and a possible case of male-biased infanticide in chimpanzees. In Animal Societies: Theories and Facts, ed. Ito, Y., Brown, J. L., and Kikkawa, J.. Tokyo: Japan Scientific Society Press, pp. 125–39.Google Scholar
Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, M. and Hasegawa, T. (1994). Infanticide in nonhuman primates: sexual selection and local resource. In Infanticide and Parental Care, ed. Parmigiani, S. and vom Saal, F. S.. Chur, Switzerland: Harwood Academic Publishers, pp. 137–53.Google Scholar
Hosaka, K. (1995). A rival yesterday is a friend today: a grand political drama in the forest. Pan Africa News, 2(2), 10–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hosaka, K. and Nishida, T. (2002). [Ostracism: Alpha male came back after a long social exclusion.] In [The Mahale Chimpanzees: 37 Years of <Panthropology>], ed. Nishida, T., Uehara, S., and Kawanaka, K.. Kyoto: Kyoto University Press, pp. 439–70. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Inaba, A. (2009). Power takeover occurred in M group of the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania, in 2007. Pan Africa News, 16, 13–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaburu, S. S. K. and Newton-Fisher, N. E. (2013). Social instability raises the stakes during social grooming among wild male chimpanzees. Animal Behaviour, 86, 519–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaburu, S. S. K., Inoue, S., and Newton-Fisher, N. E. (2013). Death of the alpha: within-community lethal violence among chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains National Park. American Journal of Primatology, 75, 789–97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kawanaka, K. (1981). Infanticide and cannibalism in chimpanzees: with special reference to the newly observed case in the Mahale Mountains. African Study Monographs, 1, 69–99.Google Scholar
Kawanaka, K. (1984). Association, ranging, and the social unit in chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania. International Journal of Primatology, 5, 411–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kawanaka, K. (1989). Age differences in social interactions of young males in a chimpanzee unit-group at the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. Primates, 30, 285–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kawanaka, K. (1990). Alpha males’ interactions and social skills. In The Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains: Sexual and Life History Strategies, ed. Nishida, T.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 171–87.Google Scholar
Kawanaka, K. (1991). [Males in a patrilineal group: social development of male chimpanzees.] In [The Cultural History of Primates], ed. Nishida, T., Izawa, K., and Kano, T.. Tokyo: Heibon-sha, pp. 217–39. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Kawanaka, K. (1993). Age differences in spatial positioning of males in a chimpanzee unit-group at the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. Primates, 34, 255–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kawanaka, K. (2002). [Change of social relationships among high-ranking males.] In [The Mahale Chimpanzees: 37 Years of <Panthropology>], ed. Nishida, T., Uehara, S., and Kawanaka, K.. Kyoto: Kyoto University Press, pp. 417–38. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Kutsukake, N. (2003). [Influences of Relationship Quality on Social Stress and Conflict Resolution in Wild Chimpanzees.] Doctoral Dissertation. Tokyo: The University of Tokyo. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Mitani, J. C. (1994). Ethological studies of chimpanzee vocal behavior. In Chimpanzee Cultures, ed. Wrangham, R. W., McGrew, W. C., de Waal, F. B. M., and Heltne, P.. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 195–210.Google Scholar
Mitani, J. C. and Nishida, T. (1993). Contexts and social correlates of long-distance calling by male chimpanzees. Animal Behaviour, 45, 735–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. (1968). The social group of wild chimpanzees in the Mahali Mountains. Primates, 9, 167–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. (1970). Social behavior and relationship among wild chimpanzees of the Mahali Mountains. Primates, 11, 47–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. (1979). The social structure of chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains. In The Great Apes, ed. Hamburg, D. A. and McCown, E. R.. Menlo Park, CA: Benjamin/Cummings, pp. 73–121.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. (1983). Alpha status and agonistic alliance in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). Primates, 24, 318–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. (1994). Review of recent findings on Mahale chimpanzees implications. In Chimpanzee Cultures, ed. Wrangham, R. W., McGrew, W. C., de Waal, F. B. M., and Heltne, P.. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 373–96.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. (1997). Sexual behavior of adult male chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains national park, Tanzania. Primates, 38, 379–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. and Hosaka, K. (1996). Coalition strategies among adult male chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania. In Great Ape Societies, ed. McGrew, W. C., Marchant, L. F., and Nishida, T.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 114–34.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. and Kawanaka, K. (1985). Within-group cannibalism by adult male chimpanzees. Primates, 26, 274–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T., Hasegawa, T., Hayaki, H., Takahata, Y., and Uehara, S. (1992). Meat-sharing as a coalition strategy by an alpha male chimpanzee? In Topics in Primatology, Vol.1: Human Origins, ed. Nishida, T., McGrew, W. C., Marler, P., Pickford, M., and de Waal, F. B. M.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 159–74.Google Scholar
Nishida, T., Hosaka, K., Nakamura, M., and Hamai, M. (1995). A within-group gang attack on a young adult male chimpanzee: ostracism of an ill-mannered member? Primates, 36, 207–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishie, H. (2004a). [Disappearance of the alpha male Fanana and its consequences.] Mahale Chimpun, 3, 5–6. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Nishie, H. (2004b). [The fight at Kasiha Valley: The fall of Fanana from the alpha status and Alofu’s takeover.] Mahale Chimpun, 4, 6–7. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Riss, D. and Goodall, J. (1977). The recent rise to the alpha-rank in a population of free-living chimpanzees. Folia Primatologica, 27, 134–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sakamaki, T. (2011). Submissive pant-grunt greeting of female chimpanzees in Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. African Study Monographs, 32, 25–41.Google Scholar
Takahata, Y. (1985). Adult male chimpanzees kill and eat a male newborn infant: newly observed intragroup infanticide and cannibalism in Mahale National Park, Tanzania. Folia Primatologica, 44, 161–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahata, Y. (1990a). Social relationships among adult males. In The Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains: Sexual and Life History Strategies, ed. Nishida, T.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 149–70.Google Scholar
Takahata, Y. (1990b). Adult males’ social relations with adult female. In The Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains: Sexual and Life History Strategies, ed. Nishida, T.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 133–48.Google Scholar
Tutin, C. E. G. (1979). Mating patterns and reproductive strategies in a community of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 6, 29–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uehara, S., Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, M., Hosaka, K., and Hamai, M. (1994). The fate of defeated alpha male chimpanzees in relation to their social networks. Primates, 35, 49–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Waal, F. (1982). Chimpanzee Politics: Power and Sex among Apes. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
de Waal, F. B. M. and Harcourt, A. H. (1992). Preface. In Coalitions and Alliances in Humans and other Animals, ed. Harcourt, A. H. and de Waal, F. B. M.. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. v–vi.Google Scholar

References

Boesch, C. (1991). The effect of leopard predation on grouping patterns in forest chimpanzees. Behaviour, 117, 220–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boesch, C. (1996). Social grouping in Taï chimpanzees. In Great Ape Societies, ed. McGrew, W., Marchant, L., and Nishida, T.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 101–13.Google Scholar
Boesch, C. and Boesch-Achermann, H. (2000). The Chimpanzees of the Taï Forest: Behavioural Ecology and Evolution. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bygott, J. D. (1974). Agonistic Behaviour and Dominance in Wild Chimpanzees. Ph.D. thesis. Cambridge: University of Cambridge.Google Scholar
Bygott, J. D. (1979). Agonistic behavior, dominance, and social structure in wild chimpanzees of Gombe National Park. In The Great Apes, ed. Hamburg, D. A. and McCown, E. R.. Menlo Park, CA: Benjamin/Cummings, pp. 405–27.Google Scholar
Chapman, C. A. and Wrangham, R. W. (1993). Range use of the forest chimpanzees of Kibale: implications for the understanding of chimpanzee social organization. American Journal of Primatology, 31, 263–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Emery Thompson, M., Kahlenberg, S. M., Gilby, I. C., and Wrangham, R. W. (2007). Core area quality is associated with variance in reproductive success among female chimpanzees at Kibale National Park. Animal Behaviour, 73, 501–12.Google Scholar
Fawcett, K. A. (2000). Female Relationships and Food Availability in a Forest Community of Chimpanzees. PhD. thesis. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh.Google Scholar
Goodall, J. (1986). The Chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of Behavior. Cambridge, MA: Belknap.Google Scholar
Hasegawa, T. (1990). Sex differences in ranging patterns. In The Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains, ed. Nishida, T.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 99–114.Google Scholar
Itoh, N. and Nishida, T. (2007). Chimpanzee grouping patterns and food availability in Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. Primates, 48, 87–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Itoh, N., Sakamaki, T., Hamisi, M., et al. (1999). A new record of invasion by an unknown unit-group into the center of M group territory. Pan Africa News, 6, 8–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kahlenberg, S. M., Emery Thompson, M., and Wrangham, R. W. (2008). Female competition over core areas in Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii, Kibale National Park, Uganda. International Journal of Primatology, 29, 931–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kawamura, S. (1958). [The matriarchal social order in the Minoo-B group.] Primates, 1, 149–56. In Japanese, with English summary.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lehmann, J. and Boesch, C. (2005). Bisexually bonded ranging in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 57, 525–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lehmann, J. and Boesch, C. (2008). Sexual differences in chimpanzee sociality. International Journal of Primatology, 29, 65–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsumoto-Oda, A. (2002). Behavioral seasonality in Mahale chimpanzees. Primates, 43, 103–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muller, M. N. (2002). Agonistic relations among Kanyawara chimpanzees. In Behavioural Diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos, ed. Boesch, C., Hohmann, G., and Marchant, L. F.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 112–24.Google Scholar
Murray, C. M. (2007). Method for assigning categorical rank in female Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii via the frequency of approaches. International Journal of Primatology, 28, 853–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murray, C. M., Eberly, L. E., and Pusey, A. E. (2006). Foraging strategies as a function of season and rank among wild female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Behavioral Ecology, 17, 1020–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murray, C. M., Mane, S. V., and Pusey, A. E. (2007). Dominance rank influences female space use in wild chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes: towards an ideal despotic distribution. Animal Behaviour, 74, 1795–804.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakamura, M. (2010). Ubiquity of culture and possible social inheritance of sociality among wild chimpanzees. In The Mind of the Chimpanzee: Ecological and Experimental Perspectives, ed. Lonsdorf, E. V., Ross, S. R., and Matsuzawa, T.. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, pp. 156–67.Google Scholar
Newton-Fisher, N. E. (2006). Female coalitions against male aggression in wild chimpanzees of the Budongo Forest. International Journal of Primatology, 27, 1589–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. (1967). [The society of wild chimpanzees: success of provisioning at Kasoge.] Shizen, 22(8), 31–41. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. (1979). The social structure of chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains. In The Great Apes, ed. Hamburg, D. A. and McCown, E. R.. Menlo Park, CA: Benjamin/Cummings, pp. 73–121.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. (1989). Social interactions between resident and immigrant female chimpanzees. In Understanding Chimpanzees, ed. Heltne, P. G. and Marquardt, L. A.. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 68–89.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. and Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, M. (1985). Responses to a stranger mother-son pair in the wild chimpanzee: a case report. Primates, 26, 1–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. and Kawanaka, K. (1972). Inter-unit-group relationships among wild chimpanzees of the Mahali Mountains. Kyoto University African Studies, 7, 131–69.Google Scholar
Pusey, A. E., Williams, J., and Goodall, J. (1997). The influence of dominance rank on the reproductive success of female chimpanzees. Science, 277, 828–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sakamaki, T., Itoh, N., and Nishida, T. (2001). An attempted within-group infanticide in wild chimpanzees. Primates, 42(4), 359–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shimada, M. K., Hayakawa, S., Fujita, S., Sugiyama, Y., and Saitou, N. (2009). Skewed matrilineal genetic composition in a small wild chimpanzee community. Folia Primatologica, 80, 19–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sugiyama, Y. (1988). Grooming interactions among adult chimpanzees at Bossou, Guinea, with special reference to social structure. International Journal of Primatology, 9, 393–407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sugiyama, Y. (2004). Demographic parameters and life history of chimpanzees at Bossou, Guinea. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 124, 154–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Townsend, S. W., Slocombe, K. E., Emery Thompson, M., and Zuberbühler, K. (2007). Female-led infanticide in wild chimpanzees. Current Biology, 17, R355–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Uehara, S. (1981). [The social unit of wild chimpanzees: a reconsideration based on the diachronic data accumulated at Kasoje in the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania.] Journal of African Studies, 20, 15–32. In Japanese with English summary.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wakefield, M. L. (2008). Grouping patterns and competition among female Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda. International Journal of Primatology, 29, 907–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wittig, R. M. and Boesch, C. (2003). Food competition and linear dominance hierarchy among female chimpanzees of the Taï National Park. International Journal of Primatology, 24, 847–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wittiger, L. and Boesch, C. (2013). Female gregariousness in western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) is influenced by resource aggregation and the number of females in estrus. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 67, 1097–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wrangham, R. W. (1979). Sex differences in chimpanzee dispersion. In The Great Apes, ed. Hamburg, D. A. and McCown, E. R.. Menlo Park, CA: Benjamin/Cummings, pp. 481–9.Google Scholar
Wrangham, R. W. (1997). Subtle, secret female chimpanzees. Science, 277, 774–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wrangham, R. W. and Smuts, B. B. (1980). Sex differences in the behavioural ecology of chimpanzees in the Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, Suppl. 28, 13–31.Google Scholar
Wrangham, R. W., Clark, A. P., and Isabirye-Basuta, G. (1992). Female social relationships and social organization of Kibale Forest chimpanzees. In Topics in Primatology Vol. 1: Human Origins, ed. Nishida, T., McGrew, W. C., Marler, P., Pickford, M., and de Waal, F. B. M.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 81–98.Google Scholar

References

Boehm, C. (1994). Pacifying interventions at Arnhem Zoo and Gombe. In Chimpanzee Cultures, ed. Wrangham, R. W., McGrew, W. C., de Waal, F. B. M., and Heltne, P. G.. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 221–6.Google Scholar
Goodall, J. (1986). The Chimpanzees of Gombe: Patterns of Behavior. Cambridge, MA: Belknap.Google Scholar
Hayakawa, T., Nakashima, M., and Nakamura, M. (2011). Immigration of a large number of adolescent female chimpanzees into the Mahale M group. Pan African News, 18, 8–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayaki, H. (1988). Association patterns of young chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. Primates, 29, 147–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayaki, H. (1990). Social context of pant-grunting in young chimpanzees. In The Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains: Sexual and Life History Strategies, ed. Nishida, T.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 189–206.Google Scholar
Hosaka, K. (2012). [Introduction to Mahale chimps 19: Nkombo.] Mahale Chimpun, 19, 6. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Kaburu, S. S. K., Inoue, S., and Newton-Fisher, N. E. (2013). Death of the alpha: within-community lethal violence among chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains National Park. American Journal of Primatology, 75, 789–97.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kahlenberg, S. M., Emery Thompson, M., Muller, M. N., and Wrangham, R. W. (2008). Immigration costs for female chimpanzees and male protection as an immigrant counterstrategy to intrasexual aggression. Animal Behaviour, 76, 1497–509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kitamura, K. (1977). [Particular proximity among individuals in Japanese macaques.] Kikan Jinruigaku, 8(3), 3–39. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Langergraber, K. E., Mitani, J. C., Watts, D. P., and Vigilant, L. (2013). Male–female socio-spatial relationships and reproduction in wild chimpanzees. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 67, 861–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Machanda, Z. P., Gillby, I. C., and Wrangham, R. W. (2013). Male–female association patterns among free-ranging chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). International Journal of Primatology, 34, 917–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsumoto-Oda, A. (1999). Mahale chimpanzees: grouping patterns and cycling females. American Journal of Primatology, 47, 197–207.3.0.CO;2-3>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matsumoto-Oda, A. (2002). Social relationships between cycling females and adult males in Mahale chimpanzees. In Behavioural Diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos, ed. Boesch, C., Hohmann, G., and Marchant, L. F.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 168–80.Google Scholar
Murray, C. M., Gilby, I. C., Mane, S. V., and Pusey, A. E. (2008). Adult male chimpanzees inherit maternal ranging patterns. Current Biology, 18, 20–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nakamura, M. and Itoh, N. (2005). Notes on the behavior of a newly immigrated female chimpanzee to the Mahale M group. Pan Africa News, 12, 20–2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newton-Fisher, N. E. (2002). Ranging patterns of male chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest, Uganda: range structure and individual differences. In New Perspectives in Primate Evolution and Behaviour, ed. Harcourt, C. S. and Sherwood, B. R.. Otley, West Yorkshire: Westbury, pp. 287–308.Google Scholar
Newton-Fisher, N. E. (2006). Female coalitions against male aggression in wild chimpanzees of the Budongo Forest. International Journal of Primatology, 27, 1589–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. (1968). The social group of wild chimpanzees in the Mahali Mountains. Primates, 9, 167–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. (1970). Social behavior and relationship among wild chimpanzees of the Mahali Mountains. Primates, 11, 47–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. (1979). The social structure of chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains. In The Great Apes, ed. Hamburg, D. A. and McCown, E. R.. Menlo Park, CA: Benjamin/Cummings, pp. 73–121.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. (1989). Social interactions between resident and immigrant female chimpanzees. In Understanding Chimpanzees, ed. Heltne, P. G. and Marquardt, L. A.. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 68–89.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. (2003). Harassment of mature female chimpanzees by young males in the Mahale Mountains. International Journal of Primatology, 24, 503–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. (2004). [Introduction to Mahale chimps 3: Kalunde.] Mahale Chimpun, 3, 6. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. (2012). Chimpanzees of the Lakeshore: Natural History and Culture at Mahale. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. and Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, M. (1987). Chimpanzees and bonobos: cooperative relationships among amales. In Primate Societies, ed. Smuts, B. B., Cheney, D. L., Seyfarth, R. M., Wrangham, R. W. and Struhsaker, T. T.. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, pp. 165–77.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. and Hosaka, K. (1996). Coalition strategies among adult male chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania. In Great Ape Societies, ed. McGrew, W.C., Marchant, L. F., and Nishida, T.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 114–34.Google Scholar
Nishida, T., Hasegawa, T., Hayaki, H., Takahata, Y., and Uehara, S. (1992). Meat-sharing as a coalition strategy by an alpha male chimpanzee? In Topics in Primatology Vol. 1: Human Origins, ed. Nishida, T., McGrew, W. C., Marler, P., Pichford, M., and de Waal, F. B. M.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 159–74.Google Scholar
Nishie, H. (2004). [The fight at Kasiha Valley: The fall of Fanana from the alpha status and Alofu’s takeover.] Mahale Chimpun, 4, 6–7. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Otali, E. and Gilchrist, J. S. (2006). Why chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) mothers are less gregarious than nonmothers and males: the infant safety hypothesis. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 59, 561–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pepper, J. W., Mitani, J. C., and Watts, D. P. (1999). General gregariousness and specific social preferences among wild chimpanzees. International Journal of Primatology, 20, 613–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pusey, A. E. (1980). Inbreeding avoidance in chimpanzees. Animal Behaviour, 28, 543–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pusey, A. E. (1983). Mother–offspring relationships in chimpanzees after weaning. Animal Behaviour, 31, 363–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pusey, A. E. (1990). Behavioural changes at adolescence in chimpanzees. Behaviour, 115, 203–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, V. (2005). The Chimpanzees of the Budongo Forest: Ecology, Behaviour, and Conservation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
von Rohr, C. R., Koski, S. E., Burkart, J. M., et al. (2012). Impartial third-party interventions in captive chimpanzees: a reflection of community concern. PLoS ONE, 7, e32494.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sakamaki, T. (2011). Submissive pant-grunt greeting of female chimpanzees in Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. African Study Monographs, 32, 25–41.Google Scholar
Sakamaki, T., Itoh, N., and Nishida, T. (2001). An attempted within-group infanticide in wild chimpanzees. Primates, 42, 359–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silk, J. B. (2002). Using the ‘F’-word in primatology. Behaviour, 139, 421–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smuts, B. B. (1985). Sex and Friendship in Baboons. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Smuts, B. B. (1987). Gender, aggression, and influence. In Primate Societies, ed. Smuts, B. B., Cheney, D. L., Seyfarth, R. M., Wrangham, R. W., and Struhsaker, T. T.. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, pp. 400–12.Google Scholar
Strum, C. S. (1987). Almost Human: A Journey into the World of Baboons. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
Takahata, Y. (1982). Social relations between adult males and females of Japanese monkeys in the Arashiyama B troop. Primates, 23, 1–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahata, Y. (1990). Adult males’ social relations with adult females. In The Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains: Sexual and Life History Strategies, ed. Nishida, T.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 133–48.Google Scholar
Uehara, S., Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, M., Hosaka, K., and Hamai, M. (1994). The fate of defeated alpha male chimpanzees in relation to their social networks. Primates, 35, 49–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Waal, F. B. M. (1982). Chimpanzee Politics: Power and Sex among Apes. London: Jonathan Cape.Google Scholar
de Waal, F. B. M. (1984). Sex differences in the formation of coalitions among chimpanzees. Ethology and Sociobiology, 5, 239–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Waal, F. B. M. (1996). Good Natured: Origins of Right and Wrong in Humans and Other Animals. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitehead, H. (2008). Analyzing Animal Societies: Quantitative Methods for Vertebrate Social Analysis. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolf, A. P. (1993). Westermarck redivivus. Annual Review of Anthropology, 22, 157–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wrangham, R. W. (2000). Why are male chimpanzees more gregarious than mothers? A scramble competition hypothesis. In Primate Males: Causes and Consequences of Variation in Group Composition, ed. Kappeler, P. M..Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 248–58.Google Scholar

References

Boesch, C., Bolé, C., Eckhardt, N., and Boesch, H. (2010). Altruism in forest chimpanzees: the case of adoption. PLoS ONE, 5, e8901.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gibbons, A. (2008). The birth of childhood. Science, 322, 1040–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goodall, J. (1983). Population dynamics during a 15 year period in one community of free-living chimpanzees in the Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie, 61, 1–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayaki, H. (1987). [On orphans of wild chimpanzees.] Hoiku Nenpou, 7, 1–8.Google Scholar
Hayaki, H. (1988). Association partners of young chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania. Primates, 29, 147–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hiraiwa-Hasegawa, M. and Hasegawa, T. (1988). A case of offspring desertion by a female chimpanzee and the behavioral changes of the abandoned offspring. Primates, 29, 319–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hosaka, K., Matsumoto-Oda, A., Huffman, M. A., and Kawanaka, K. (2000). [Reactions to dead bodies of conspecifics by wild chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania.] Primate Research, 16, 1–15. In Japanese with English summary.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huffman, M. A. (1990). Some socio-behavioral manifestations of old age. In The Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains, ed. Nishida, T.. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, pp. 237–55.Google Scholar
Huffman, M. A. and Kalunde, M. A. (1993). Tool-assisted predation on a squirrel by a female chimpanzee in the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania. Primates, 34, 93–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitani, J. C. and Watts, D. (1997). The evolution of non-maternal caretaking among anthropoid primates: do helpers help? Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 40, 213–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakamura, M. (2010). [What does it mean a society to be complex?: Question about relationship between society and individual.] Primate Research, 26, 131–42. In Japanese with English summary.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakamura, M. and Nishida, T. (2013). Ontogeny of a social custom in wild chimpanzees: Age changes in grooming hand-clasp at Mahale. American Journal of Primatology, 75, 186–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakamura, M., Hayaki, H., Hosaka, K., Itoh, N., and Zamma, K. (2014). Orphaned male chimpanzees die young even after weaning. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 153, 139–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nakazawa, N., Hanamura, S., Inoue, E., Nakatsukasa, M., and Nakamura, M. (2013). A leopard ate a chimpanzee: The first evidence from East Africa. Journal of Human Evolution, 65, 334–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. (1983). Alloparental behavior in wild chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania. Folia Primatologica, 41, 1–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nishida, T. (1994). [Thirty-six Stories of Wild Chimpanzees.] Tokyo: Kinokuniya. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. (1999). [Where does Human Nature Come from?: An Approach from Primatology.] Kyoto: Kyoto University Press. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. (2004). [Introduction to Mahale chimps 3: Kalunde.] Mahale Chimpun, 3, 6. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. (2006a). [Introduction to Mahale chimps 8: Opal.] Mahale Chimpun, 8, 7. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. (2006b). [Introduction to Mahale chimps 7: Gwekulo.] Mahale Chimpun, 7, 7. In Japanese.Google Scholar
Nishida, T. (2012). Chimpanzees of the Lakeshore: Natural History and Culture at Mahale. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Ross, C. and MacLarnon, A. (2000). The evolution of non-maternal care in anthropoid primates: A test of the hypotheses. Folia Primatologica, 7, 93–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sakamaki, T., Itoh, N., and Nishida, T. (2001). An attempted within-group infanticide in wild chimpanzees. Primates, 42, 359–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teleki, G., Hunt, E. E. Jr., and Pfifferling, J. H. (1976). Demographic observations (1963–1973) on the chimpanzees of Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Journal of Human Evolution, 5, 559–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uehara, S. and Nyundo, R. (1983). One observed case of temporary adoption of an infant by unrelated nulliparous females among wild chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania. Primates, 24, 456–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Lawick-Goodall, J. (1967). Mother – offspring relationships in free-ranging chimpanzees. In Primate Ethology, ed. Morris, D.. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, pp. 287–346.Google Scholar
Wroblewski, E. E. (2008). An unusual incident of adoption in a wild chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) population at Gombe National Park. American Journal of Primatology, 70, 995–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×