In this paper, we will investigate discrete coactions on Hilbert C*-modules. In particular, we obtain a one-to-one correspondence between Hilbert C*-modules with discrete coactions and Hilbert C*-modules over the crossed products of the original C*-algebras which satisfies some nice properties (see 3·6 and 3·7). Then we will give some applications of this correspondence in the last three sections.

In Section 2, we give some results about discrete coactions on Hilbert C*-modules which mainly correspond to those about discrete coactions on C*-algebras (see [7]).

We show that for arbitrary metric spaces X and Y the following dimension inequalities hold:

where ‘dim’ denotes Hausdorff dimension and ‘Dim’ denotes packing dimension. The main idea of the proof is to use modified constructions of the Hausdorff and packing measure to deduce appropriate inequalities for the measure of X × Y.

There are several important theorems concerning the almost sure convergence of (monotone) sequences of orthogonal projections in L2-spaces. Let us mention here the martingale convergence theorems or the results on the developments of functions with respect to orthogonal systems. On the other hand every self-adjoint operator with the spectrum on the interval [0, 1] is a limit of some sequence of orthogonal projections in the weak operator topology (see [1]). This paper is devoted to a problem of approximation of a self-adjoint operator A acting in L2 (0, 1) by a sequence Pn of orthogonal projections in the sense that

The aim of this paper is to give two new descriptions of the ordered set of all (up to equivalence) regular compactifications of a completely regular frame. F and to introduce and study the notion of A-frame as a generalization of the notion of Alexandroff space (known also as zero-set space) (Alexandroff[l], Gordon[15]). A description of the ordered set of all (up to equivalence) A-compactifications of an A-frame by means of an ordered by inclusion set of some distributive lattices (called AP-sublattices) is obtained. It implies that any A-frame has a greatest A-compactification and leads to the descriptions of A new category isomorphic to the category of proximal frames is introduced. A question for compactifications of frames analogous to the R. Chandler's question [8, p. 71] for compactifications of spaces is formulated and solved. Many results of [1], [3], [15], [23], [9], [10] and [11] are generalized.

We prove some elementary intuitive estimates on moving boundaries hitting times by one-dimensional Brownian motion (in ℝ and on the circle). These results give an alternative approach to Beurling's radial projection theorem on harmonic measure in a disc.

Let K be a knot in the 3-sphere S3, N(K) the regular neighbourhood of K and E(K) = cl(S3−N(K)) the exterior of K. The tunnel number t(K) is the minimum number of mutually disjoint arcs properly embedded in E(K) such that the complementary space of a regular neighbourhood of the arcs is a handlebody. We call the family of arcs satisfying this condition an unknotting tunnel system for K. In particular, we call it an unknotting tunnel if the system consists of a single arc.

For every Banach space X, denote by GL(X) the linear group of X, i.e. the group of all linear continuous invertible operators on X with the topology induced by the operator norm. One says that GL(X) is contractible to a point if there exists a continuous map F: GL(X) × [0, 1] → GL(X) such that F(A,0) = A and F(A, 1) = Id, for every A ∈ GL(X).

A differential invariant of a G-structure is a function which depends on the r-jet of the G-structure and such that it is invariant under the natural action of the pseudogroup of diffeomorphisms of the base manifold. The importance of these objects is clear, since they seem to be the natural obstructions for the equivalence of G-structures. Hopefully, if all the differential invariants coincide over two r–jets of G-structure then they are equivalent under the action of the pseudogroup. If all the differential invariants coincide for every r it is hoped that the G-structures are formally equivalent, and so equivalent in the analytic case. This is the equivalence problem of E. Cartan. In this paper we deal with the problem of finding differential invariants on the bundles of ℝ*-structures, following the program pointed out in [3]. There are several reasons that justify the study of this type of G-structures. The first one is that it is a non-complicated example that helps to understand the G-structures with the property for the group G of having a vanishing first prolongation (i.e. of type 1). The simplicity comes from the fact that the algebraic invariants of ℝ* are very simple. The differential geometry of this type of structure, however, has much in common with general G-structures of type 1. Also, ℝ*-structures are objects of geometrical interest. They can be interpreted as ‘projective parallelisms’ of the base manifold and they can also be interpreted as a generalization of Blaschke's notion of a web.

Let f be an entire function of the form

where ø is a function in L2(ℝ) with compact support. If f|ℝ is real-valued then, for obvious reasons, (a) the supporting interval for ø is symmetric with respect to the origin, and

Assuming that f has no zeros in {Im z > 0}, we prove that the converse is also true: (a) and (b) together imply that f|ℝ takes values in αℝ, where α is a fixed complex number.

The proof relies on a certain formula involving the Dirichlet integral, which may be interesting on its own.

The Vlasov-Einstein system describes a self-gravitating, collisionless gas within the framework of general relativity. We investigate the initial value problem in a cosmological setting with spherical, plane, or hyperbolic symmetry and prove that for small initial data solutions exist up to a spacetime singularity which is a curvature and a crushing singularity. An important tool in the analysis is a local existence result with a continuation criterion saying that solutions can be extended as long as the momenta in the support of the phase-space distribution of the matter remain bounded.

Suppose that the continuous mapping is order-preserving and sublinear. If every positive semi-orbit has compact closure, then every positive semi-orbit converges to a fixed point. This result does not require that the order be strongly preserved.

For nilpotent spaces p-completion is well behaved and reasonably well understood. By p–completion we mean Bousfield–Kan completion with respect to the field Fp [BK]. For non-nilpotent spaces the completion process often has a chaotic effect, this is true even for small spaces. One knows, however, that the classifying space of a compact Lie group is Fp-good even though it is usually non-nilpotent.

We extend a number of known criteria for normality of analytic and harmonic functions to the setting of solutions to elliptic partial differential equations. Some of the results hold for monotone Sobolev functions. We also discuss the boundary behaviour of monotone Sobolev functions.

We introduce an associative glueing operation ⊕q on the space of solutions of the Quantum Yang–Baxter Equations of Hecke type. The corresponding glueing operations for the associated quantum groups and quantum vector spaces are also found. The former involves 2×2 quantum matrices whose entries are themselves square or rectangular quantum matrices. The corresponding glueing operation for link-invariants is introduced and involves a state-sum model with Boltzmann weights determined by the link invariants to be glued. The standard su(n) solution, its associated quantum matrix group, quantum space and link-invariant arise at once by repeated glueing of the one-dimensional case.

Given an Ehresmann connection on the tangent bundle τ: TM → M we define a linear connection on the pull-back bundle τ*(TM). With the aid of this tool, necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for the existence of local coordinates in which a system of second-order differential equations is linear.

Let Ω be a non-empty open set in ℝn with finite ‘volume’ (n-dimensional Lebesgue measure). Let be the Laplacian operator. Consider the eigenvalue problem (with Dirichlet boundary conditions):

where λ ∈ ℝ and u is a non-zero member of (the closure in the Sobolev space H1(Ω) of the set of smooth functions with compact support contained in Ω). It is well known that the values of λ∈ℝ for which (1·1) has a non-zero solution are positive and form a discrete set. Moreover, for each λ, the associated eigenspace is finite dimensional. Let the spectrum of (1·1) be denoted where 0 < λ1 ≤ λ2 ≤ … and where the multiplicity of each λ in the sequence is the dimension of the associated eigenspace. Let