Sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass/strength) burdens many older adults – hospitalized older adults being particularly vulnerable. Treating the condition, protein-supplementation (PrS) and resistance-training (RT) may act synergistically. Therefore, this block-randomised, double-blind, multicentre intervention study, recruiting geriatric patients >70 years from three Medical Departments, investigated the effect of PrS combined with RT during hospitalization and 12 weeks after discharge. Participants were randomly allocated (1:1) to receive PrS (totally 27.5 g whey protein/day, ≈2000 kJ/day) or iso-energetic placebo-products (<1.5 g protein/day), divided into two servings/day to supplement habitual diet. Both groups were engaged in a standardized, progressive low intensity/volume RT-program for the lower-extremities (hospital: supervised daily/after discharge: self-training 4x/week). From April 2016 to September 2017, 2351 patients were screened, 462 were eligible, and 165 included. 14 were excluded and 10 dropped-out, leaving 141 participants in the ITT-analysis. The average total protein intake during hospitalization/after discharge was 1.0 (0.8-1.3)/1.1 (0.9–1.3) g/kg/d (protein-group) and 0.6 (0.5–0.8)/ 0.9 (0.6–1.0) g/kg/d (placebo-group). Both groups improved significantly for the primary and secondary endpoints of muscle mass/strength, functional measurements, and quality-of-life, but no additional effect of PrS was seen for the primary endpoint (30-s Chair-stand-test, repetitions, median (Q1,Q3) changes from baseline: (standard-test: 0 (0,5) (protein-group) vs. 2 (0,6) (placebo-group) & modified-test: 2 (0,5) (protein-group) vs. 2 (-1,5) (placebo-group)) or any secondary endpoints (Mann-Whitney-U tests, P>0.05). In conclusion, PrS increasing total protein intake by 0.4 and 0.2 g/kg/d during hospitalization and after discharge, respectively, does not seem to increase the adaptive response to low intensity/volume RT in geriatric medical patients.

Formally established in the fall of 1947, the Laboratory of Archaeology at the University of Georgia is an archaeological research and collection repository. It is considered one of the premier institutions for curation of archaeological collections from the American Southeast. For over 70 years, the Laboratory has served as a repository for objects and associated records generated from archaeological projects and research undertaken by faculty, students, CRM professionals, and state and federal agencies. The Laboratory curates over 20,000 cubic feet of artifacts as well as paper and digital archives. In addition, the Laboratory houses the Georgia Archaeological Site File and manages data from more than 59,000 archaeological sites, including over 11,500 archaeological reports. In this paper, we explore implementation procedures for bringing legacy collections up to modern curation standards. We also outline how we migrate the data on paper records into the digital realm, articulating them within a comprehensive framework.

There is growing evidence to support recovery and rehabilitation services and interventions for people with severe mental illness (SMI). However, those from ethnic minority communities face inequitable outcomes and access to mental health services and poorer functional outcomes. This article reviews the evidence and discusses facilitators and barriers in the recovery journey of people with SMI from ethnic minority groups. Although there is limited evidence for specific interventions for ethnic minority patients, areas for future study and action are discussed.

To better understand and improve the rehabilitation process of older adults with sensory losses in both hearing and vision or dual sensory impairment (DSI), this study explored the perspectives of health care professionals who work with this population. Thirteen individuals, with varied professional backgrounds, were interviewed about their experiences in working with older adults with DSI. We transcribed and coded the interviews, then conducted content analysis. Regardless of their professional backgrounds, the participants reported additional roles that they perceived they fulfilled: (a) counsellor, (b) navigator, and (c) trainer and re-trainer. These roles involved helping individuals with DSI, and their family, with depression, acceptance, repeat consultations, and way-finding through the health system. From the professionals’ perspective, these additional roles increase workload and place them in situations they were not trained for. They suggest education for all professionals and for family members working with people with DSI; moreover, they suggest a multidisciplinary team rehabilitation approach.

Objectives: To investigate whether the relationship between arm use and motor impairment post-stroke is influenced by the hemisphere of damage. Methods: Right-handed patients with unilateral left hemisphere damage (LHD) or right (RHD) (n=58; 28 LHD, 30 RHD) were recruited for this study. The Arm Motor Ability Test and Functional Impact Assessment were used to derive arm use patterns. The Fugl-Meyer motor assessment scale was used to quantify the level of motor impairment. Results: A significant interaction between patient group and impairment level was observed for contralesional, but not ipsilesional arm use. For lower impairment levels, contralesional (right arm for LHD and left arm for RHD) arm use was greater in LHD than RHD patients. In contrast, for greater levels of impairment, there were no arm use differences between the two patient groups. Conclusions: When motor impairment is significant, it overrides potential effects of stroke laterality on the patterns of arm use. However, a robust influence of hemisphere of damage on the patterns of arm use is evident at lower impairment levels. This may be attributed to previously described arm preference effects. These findings suggest adoption of distinct strategies for rehabilitation following left versus right hemisphere damage in right-handers, at least when the impairment is moderate to low. (JINS, 2019, 25, 470–478)

Post-World War II reconstruction in Europe and Asia is a topic of growing interest, but relatively little attention has been paid to the relief and rehabilitation effort in China in the immediate post-1945 period. This article reassesses the postwar program implemented by the Chinese Nationalist (Guomindang) government and the UNRRA (the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration), not just in terms of humanitarian relief, but also as part of a process that led to new thinking about the nature of the postwar state in Asia. It focuses on the ideas and actions of Jiang Tingfu (T. F. Tsiang), head of the Chinese National Relief and Rehabilitation Administration that worked with UNRRA. Chinese ideas for reconstruction in China were simultaneously statist, international, and transnational, and were shaped by high modern ideas drawn from Soviet and American examples. They were also influenced by China's poverty and wartime vulnerability, which made locally directed solutions more relevant in areas such as public hygiene. Success was unlikely because of the incipient Chinese Civil War and the huge demands of reconstruction on a state that was near-destitute, with a destroyed infrastructure. Nonetheless, its characteristics still bear examination as a first, tentative chapter in a longer story of post-imperialist and Cold War state-building that would shape countries in Asia and beyond.

Working in neurological rehabilitation brings with it numerous opportunities to gain an understanding of the factors that contribute to shaping meaningful living and wellbeing for those tackling the major life changes encountered following acquired brain injury (ABI). These opportunities come in many forms: challenging and brave clients, wise and worrying families, questioning and inspiring colleagues, empowering and limiting work environments and rigid and advancing policy and legislative contexts.

Our personal and collective understanding of the things that help and the things that get in the way of effective rehabilitation continuously emerges from the convergence of the experience and knowledge afforded by these opportunities. The aim of this paper is to consider the things that help and the things that get in the way as they have been identified by people with ABI, their families and those who work with them and have been further evidenced through research targeted towards improving short, medium and long-term outcomes for those living with the consequences of ABI. These things as discussed in this paper capture the essential role of the self, the importance of rights and access to rehabilitation, the impact of the family and the contribution of social connection.

Morphophysiological dormancy (MPD) is predominantly found in seeds of temperate regions and is uncommon in arid biomes. MPD has been reported in a number of Hibbertia (Dilleniaceae) species of temperate Australia, and in a single species of the arid zone, H. glaberrima. This study aimed to examine the dormancy and germination ecology of seeds of H. glaberrima. Seeds were subjected to temperature stratification treatments designed to mimic summer and autumn conditions in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Seed germination and embryo growth were measured. We also tested the interaction between temperature stratification and cycles of drying and wetting designed to mimic sporadic rainfall events. All temperature and moisture treatments were tested in combination (+/–) with the smoke-derived chemical karrikinolide (KAR1). Exposing dormant seeds to temperatures suitable for warm stratification (35°C) for ≥ 8 weeks, followed by incubation at 25°C, resulted in significantly higher germination compared with non-stratified seeds. Exposing seeds to dry/wet cycling in conjunction with temperature stratification did not significantly increase germination. Exposure to KAR1 increased germination under most conditions. Once seeds are shed during October to December, they are exposed to hot and sporadically wet conditions over summer, allowing MPD to be overcome in a proportion of the seed population. Seeds may germinate in autumn (March to April), in conjunction with cooler temperatures. More deeply dormant individuals may require more than one summer to overcome dormancy. Similar to other species occurring in fire-prone ecosystems, fire also plays a crucial role in the germination ecology of H. glaberrima.

Background and Objective: As cognitive impairments represent the greatest impediment to participation following moderate–severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), cognitive rehabilitation is vital. Several sets of guidelines for cognitive rehabilitation have been published, including INCOG in 2014. However, little is known about current practice by therapists working with individuals with TBI. This study aimed to characterise current cognitive rehabilitation practices via an online survey of therapists engaged in rehabilitation in individuals with TBI.

Method: The survey documented demographic information, current cognitive rehabilitation practice, resources used to inform cognitive rehabilitation, and reflections on cognitive rehabilitation provided.

Results: The 221 Australian respondents were predominantly occupational therapists, neuropsychologists, and speech pathologists with an average 9 years of clinical experience in cognitive rehabilitation and TBI. Cognitive retraining and compensatory strategies were the most commonly identified approaches used in cognitive rehabilitation. Executive functioning was mostly targeted for retraining, whereas memory was targeted with compensatory strategies. Attentional problems were less frequently addressed. Client self-awareness, family involvement, team collaboration, and goal-setting were seen as important ingredients for success.

Conclusion: Clinical practice of cognitive rehabilitation in Australia is broadly consistent with guidelines. However, addressing the impediments to its delivery is important to enhance the quality of life for individuals with TBI.