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5856 results in Facet Publishing

Page 258 of 293

  • 13 - Compliance, the Information Commissioner and the Information Tribunal

  • Alan Stead
  • Book:
    Information Rights in Practice
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 January 2008, pp 135-144

  • Summary

    Introduction

    In 1984 the role of Data Protection Registrar was created. This role continued under the Data Protection Act 1998, although the title was changed to that of Data Protection Commissioner (section 6). In 2000 with the introduction of the Freedom of Information Act, the title was changed again – to encompass the other two elements of information rights legislation – to that of Information Commissioner (Freedom of Information Act section 18). The title of the Data Protection Tribunal continued from 1984 until 2000, when it too had a name change, to that of Information Tribunal (FOIA 2000, s. 18).

    Compliance does not involve just these two authorities, as there are issues that will be dealt with by the public authority itself and others that need reference to the courts.

    The role of the Commissioner is not only to administer and police the legislation but also to advise and assist authorities in its application. His office is not a government department or agency but completely independent, although finance is still received from the Ministry of Justice.

    Compliance

    Enforcement of all sections of the legislation is carried out by the Information Commissioner and failure to comply with his notices can be an offence.

    Under the Freedom of Information Act there is only one criminal offence – that of changing, amending or removing data after a request has been made (section 77). The Environmental Information Regulations adds a further offence, that of obstructing the execution of a warrant.

    There are considerably more offences under the Data Protection Act: processing data without it being on the register; failure to notify changes to the notification (section 21); and knowingly or recklessly obtaining or using data without consent of the data controller (section 55), to mention but two sections. Penalties are a fine, currently to a maximum of £5000, for each occasion there is a breach, plus the possibility of costs (section 60); or a period of imprisonment (as amended in 2007). It is also an offence to require that an individual provide ‘relevant records’ as a condition of employment or as a condition of contract (section 56). The Act describes relevant records as convictions or cautions issued by the police or the DHSS. The Act also voids any contract which requires a person to supply information they have obtained under section 7 of the Data Protection Act or any health record (section 57).

  • 16 - Other legislation

  • Alan Stead
  • Book:
    Information Rights in Practice
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 January 2008, pp 169-180

  • Summary

    Introduction

    All information rights legislation, with the exception of the Environmental Information Regulations, takes second place to other statutes. Thus, if another statute states that data must or must not be shared, the Freedom of Information Act and the Data Protection Act may not apply. Similarly, under the Data Protection Act, the exemptions for non disclosure apply only to that Act, and there must be other legislation that permits the data to be shared in the first place. It would be difficult to provide a definitive list of the legislation that may apply, but some was mentioned in Chapter 7; it includes the Crime and Disorder Act 1998, Children and Adoptions Act and other Children's Acts, and the Local Government Acts (particularly 2000).

    Under the Freedom of Information Act care must be taken to conform with the Enterprise Act 2002 before sharing data; and under the Data Protection Act you may need to take the Finance Act 1988, the Local Goverment Finance Act 1992, the Local Government Act 2002 and the Housing Act 2004 into consideration. These were explained in Chapters 6 and 10. When releasing documents account must be taken of the various copyright Acts, in particular the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (as amended).

    There are some other Acts and regulations on the periphery of the information rights field that also have an impact on the release of information and relating to information rights, and this chapter selects some of them for study .

    Human Rights Act 1998

    All elements of information rights legislation are based on this Act. It came into force in October 2000, at the same time as the Data Protection Act, and encompasses the 16 rights listed in the European Convention on Human Rights and its subsequent additions. Article 1 of the European Convention is an introduction, not included in the Act, and Article 13 is not part of the Act. The rights are:

  • ■ Article 2 Right to life

  • ■ Article 3 Prohibition of torture

  • ■ Article 4 Prohibition of slavery and forced labour

  • ■ Article 5 Right to liberty and security

  • ■ Article 6 Right to a fair trial

  • ■ Article 7 No punishment without law

  • ■ Article 8 Right of respect for private and family life

  • ■ Article 9 Freedom of thought, conscience and religion

  • 8 - The Freedom of Information Act 2000 and Environmental Information Regulations 2004, SI 2004/3391

  • Alan Stead
  • Book:
    Information Rights in Practice
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 January 2008, pp 75-82

  • Summary

    Introduction

    So far we have looked at personal data and this still needs to be kept in mind while we examine the next two enactments. With these, however, the main objective is the release of information rather than the security and handling of the information. In later chapters we will also need to examine some of the additional elements such as records management, public registers and the way in which environmental data is stored.

    Each of the three pieces of legislation is unique and at the same time shares many common features with the others. The Data Protection Act is unique in that it describes not just how data is accessed but also how data is collected, kept and used. This Act is the only one that relates to everyone, not just to the public sector.

    The Freedom of Information Act 2000 is unique in that it is the only Act of the three not based directly on European law. There is also a separate Freedom of Information Act in Scotland (Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002), which has the same basic provisions but in which the sections come in a different order. The references to sections in these chapters are to the England, Northern Ireland and Wales Act.

    The Environmental Information Regulations 2004 are unique in that they are a statutory instrument and not a primary Act and the only one of the information rights trilogy that does not permit other legislation to take precedence. This will be explained in Chapters 9 and 10.

    In this chapter it is intended to give a brief overview of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 and the Environmental Information Regulations 2004, with the detail being studied in more depth in the following chapters.

    The Freedom of Information Act 2000

    The Freedom of Information Act 2000 was enacted to allow access to public sector information. There is a presumption within the Act, therefore, that information will be released, although there are 26 instances when disclosure can be disallowed (these are explained in detail in Chapter 10).

    Every single request for information that a public authority receives in writing is, in law, a Freedom of Information Act request.

  • 9 - Scope of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 and the Environmental Information Regulations 2004

  • Alan Stead
  • Book:
    Information Rights in Practice
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 January 2008, pp 83-94

  • Summary

    9.1 Definition of a public authority

    Both the Freedom of Information Act 2000 and the Environmental Information Regulations 2004 apply only to the public sector, although the Environmental Information Regulations have a broader definition of the public sector. The Freedom of Information Act lists all authorities that it regards as public authorities in Schedule 1. This is being constantly updated by a steady stream of statutory instruments, at least one a year. The list includes government departments, local authorities, NHS trusts, schools (as separate authorities from the local authority), universities, fire and rescue, police and so on. It also includes private companies wholly owned by a public authority, as defined under section 6 of the Act.

    Private companies owned by an authority is interpreted by the Information Commissioner to mean one single authority, so an arm's length management organization (ALMO) for housing set up by a local authority falls under Freedom of Information Act; but an airport run by three local councils does not.

    A company partially owned by a public authority is outside the scope of the legislation. Another grouping to which the Act applies, consists of agencies, boards and private companies doing work for a public authority insofar as the work is being carried out for the public sector. This latter group also includes general practitioners and dentists working for the National Health Service. Even the Information Commissioner is included on the list (this is unique throughout Europe).

    The list relates to both freedom of information and environmental information regulations; however, the environmental information regulations list also extends to private companies that carry out public functions affecting the environment.

    The actual definition listed at regulation 2(d) states:

  • (i) has public responsibilities relating to the environment;

  • (ii) exercises functions of a public nature relating to the environment or

  • (iii) provides public services relating to the environment. (EIR 2004, r. 2(d))

    • Included here are water companies, electricity and gas suppliers and other similar authorities. The reason for this is that in some countries of Europe these utilities are provided by the public sector. Northern Ireland, for example, has public water suppliers, and in Greece the electricity company collects most utility charges. The Environmental Information Regulations, as has been already stated, are based on European regulations, and so all the European elements have to be taken into account to ensure consistency.

  • 18 - Summary

  • Alan Stead
  • Book:
    Information Rights in Practice
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 January 2008, pp 185-190

  • Summary

    Introduction

    The various elements of information rights legislation have a big impact on the life of the individual and on those working in the public sector. Although the Data Protection Act also affects those outside the public sector there are certain parts that are unique to the public sector, especially those amended by the Freedom of Information Act.

    The introduction of the various items of legislation means a culture change for any public sector authority. No longer is information just for their own use; it can also be shared, in the interests of greater understanding and accountability, with the public. Stories are frequently heard in the media where information has been obtained under the Freedom of Information Act; and the Data Protection Act is the one most frequently downloaded from the OPSI website. There is growing awareness (sometimes incorrect), of the legislation, some people thinking that everything an organization holds is available to them on request and that anything that might remotely mention them comes under data protection.

    The appendices will remind you of the principles, the exemptions and exceptions, and list some useful documents to help authorities provide an effective and efficient service to the public. The rest of this chapter will highlight some of the most important points to be aware of.

    Data Protection Act 1998

    This is possibly the most complex piece of legislation on the statute books, and if there are a few key points to be remembered, they are:

  • ■ The eight data protection principles (Schedule 1 of the Data Protection Act and listed in Appendix 1 of this book) must always be applied to any work involving personal data.

  • ■ Organizations should make sure there are effective systems in place to handle requests for personal information and that all staff are aware of them.

  • ■ Organizations must always remember to tell the Information Commissioner if they are processing new data, or the same data for a different purpose.

  • ■ Individuals must be told if data is held about them, why it is being held and to whom it is being passed on.

  • ■ Personal information must be kept secure.

  • ■ Staff should be made aware of their obligations under the Act

  • ■ Checks should be made to ensure data can be handled lawfully.

  • ■ A named senior officer with responsibility for data protection is required in an organization.

  • 7 - Data sharing

  • Alan Stead
  • Book:
    Information Rights in Practice
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 January 2008, pp 67-74

  • Summary

    Introduction

    When the Data Protection Act first came out it was seen by many as a barrier to data sharing. In fact even now there are many cases when we hear ‘We can't tell you that because of data protection’. The non disclosure provisions of the Act were seen as restricting access and no account was taken of the many exemptions to these provisions, some of which were considered earlier in Chapter 6.

    This chapter will examine how the Act protects personal data but does, in almost every case, allow sharing of data with third parties for legitimate purposes.

    The guidelines

    A few specific questions should be asked before sharing can take place. Provided that the answers are affirmative, then sharing is no problem.

    The first question is: ‘Has the data subject given consent?’ This is particularly important if the data is sensitive and falls under a Schedule 3 condition (see Chapter 3.7). As was mentioned earlier, it is essential that specific consent is given by the data subject, stating that the subject agrees to the data being shared with a third party for another purpose.

    If the data does not come under Schedule 3, i.e. it is non sensitive personal data, then consent is desirable but not essential, although it is important to inform the subject about the sharing. There is a requirement to issue a fair processing statement telling the subject how the data will be used and with whom it will be shared. This does not have to be too specific:

    ‘Your information will be shared with other areas of this authority for the purpose of providing other services to which you have already agreed and as required by law.’

    This statement should also be included in the notification to the Information Commissioner that personal data is being processed (see Chapter 4.8). The individual has to be made aware of the purpose of the data sharing and with whom the data is being shared, although again a general approach is acceptable, such as ‘shared with voluntary sector’ rather than ‘XYZ Charity’, which is very specific. Remember that in most cases an individual can withdraw consent to data sharing, so systems must be in place to ensure that this can be handled promptly.

  • 12 - Publication schemes

  • Alan Stead
  • Book:
    Information Rights in Practice
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 January 2008, pp 131-134

  • Summary

    Introduction

    The Freedom of Information Act places a duty on all public authorities to produce a publication scheme that shows what information is readily available to the public and it requires that any such scheme be approved by the Information Commissioner:

  • 19(1) It shall be the duty of every public authority –

  • (a) to adopt and maintain a scheme which relates to the publication of information by the authority and is approved by the Commissioner (in this Act referred to as a ‘publication scheme’),

  • (b) to publish information in accordance with the scheme and

  • (c) from time to time review its publication scheme. (FOIA 2000, s. 19)

    • This is the first part of section 19, which relates to the duty to have a scheme. The title ‘Publication Scheme’ may suggest that only those documents and information that are printed and bound are properly published, but this is not the case. The scheme should cover all information that is readily available to the public, whether it is in a nicely bound booklet, a computer printout, or on the authority's website.

    New information will be continually being created and it is for this reason that the Act directs that the scheme should be regularly updated to ensure that the latest information is available in the scheme.

    Section 19 also points out that it is not sufficient just having the information listed in the scheme and that the information must be readily available. It is suggested to make occasional spot checks on the scheme to ensure that the information is available on demand from the locations stated.

    It will also be noted that the scheme has to be approved by the Information Commissioner (see Chapter 13).

    What the scheme should contain

    For a legal explanation of what a scheme must contain, reference must first be made to the legislation:

  • 19(2) A publication scheme must –

  • (a) specify classes of information which the public authority publishes or intends to publish,

  • (b) specify the manner in which information of each class is, or is intended to be, published and,

  • (c) specify whether the material is, or is intended to be, available to the public free of charge or on payment. (FOIA 2000, s. 19) (FOIA 2000, s. 19)

    • This, then, provides an outline for the scheme. It will include the classes of information available, where it can be obtained and whether a fee is applicable.

  • 4 - The scope of the Data Protection Act

  • Alan Stead
  • Book:
    Information Rights in Practice
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 January 2008, pp 21-28

  • Summary

    Introduction

    The UK Data Protection Act 1998's main functions are connected with access to data. However, there are other parts of the Act that need to be considered and these will be looked at in this chapter. Some of the issues examined will relate to definitions that have not already been mentioned in Chapters 2 and 3. Other topics will include parts of the Act which do not fit happily into any of the other chapters.

    Credit reference agencies

    It is assumed that a request made to a credit reference agency for data relates to the requester's financial standing. The request is made under section 7 of the Act, which relates to making a request and will be mentioned in Chapter 6. However, it is also covered by section 9 of the Act, which relates solely to these agencies, as other legislation such as section 159 of the Consumer Credit Act 1974 also has an effect on them. Do not forget that the timescale is different for supplying the data – seven days – and so is the fee, currently £2.50 (Data Protection (fees under section 19/7) Regulations 2000).

    Right to stop processing

    There are a number of issues under section 10 of the Act relating to processing. Firstly the requester can give notice that the data controller must

    cease or not to begin, processing … any personal data in respect of which he is a data subject.

    (DPA 1998, s. 10(1))

    Of course it would be necessary to prove that there was a likelihood of damage or distress and that the processing was not warranted. So using their data to arrest an individual would cause them distress, but would be warranted. The data controller must reply within 21 days to tell the requester that they have complied or why they will not comply. A court can force a data controller to comply if it agrees with the requester.

    Compensation – damage and distress

    Compensation is very difficult to obtain under the Act. A person can get compensation for damage or damage and distress but not for distress on its own. The person must prove some actual damage, a brick through the window for example (section 13).

    The first illustration shows how embarrassment has been caused, but not actual damage.

  • 10 - Application of exemptions and exceptions

  • Alan Stead
  • Book:
    Information Rights in Practice
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 January 2008, pp 95-124

  • Summary

    Introduction

    Regulation 12 of the Environmental Information Regulations 2004 states that:

    A public authority shall apply a presumption in favour of disclosure.

    (EIR 2004, r. 12)

    However, there are occasions when some of the data does need to be withheld, and for this purpose the Freedom of Information Act has a list of exemptions in sections 22 to 44 and the Environmental Information Regulations list exemptions under regulation 12. There are a few exemptions elsewhere in the Acts, which will also be listed later in this chapter.

    Section 2 of the Freedom of Information Act explains the difference between the two types of exemption that can apply. The first is absolute, indicating that it can be applied without the application of a public interest test. The second is a qualified exemption, to which the public interest test must be applied. This test is explained in Chapter 11. There is a requirement at sections 1(5) and 2(1) to confirm or deny to the requester that information is held, even if the exemption is absolute. The only exception to this is when, by confirming or denying, an answer is given. The example below gives an indication how this might apply.

    ‘How many nuclear missiles does HMS Umbridge have?’

    Confirming that the ship has such missiles but not stating how many (defence exemption) reveals a military secret about the vessel. If it is decided not to confirm, then the requester must be told what exemption would apply if the data were held.

    When applying any exemption there is a requirement under section 16 to advise and assist. This means that the exemption has to be explained, and also how the public interest applies. This being the case, the following example would answer the request for the military data shown above.

    ‘I am unable to confirm or deny that we have the information you requested. To do so could reveal information covered under section 26 of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 in that it could prejudice the defence of the United Kingdom, and the public interest would not be met in releasing such information.’

  • Social Work & Social Welfare

  • from PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY & SOCIAL WORK
  • Edited by Ray Lester, Peter Clinch, Heather Dawson, Helen Edwards, Susan Tarrant
  • Book:
    The New Walford Guide to Reference Resources
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 December 2007, pp 95-126

  • Summary

    Introductions to the subject

    824 Clinical social work practice: an integrated approach

    M.G. Cooper and J.G. Lesser 2nd edn, Allyn & Bacon, 2004, 256pp. $83.60. ISBN 9780205408115.

    Aimed at advanced clinical practitioners and students. Looks at how to integrate theory and practice on multiple levels. Clinical examples are viewed through the lenses of specific theoretical models and models of intervention are discussed for individual, family or group situations.

    825 Community care

    N. Thompson and S. Thompson Russell House, 2005, 112pp. ISBN 1903855586.

    Provides an introductory overview of the theory base underpinning community care practice, laying the foundations for future learning and development and building on that foundation by exploring a range of practice issues.

    826 Counselling skills in social work practice

    J. Seden 2nd edn, Open University, 2005, 192pp. £17.05. ISBN 0335216498.

    A practical no-nonsense guide to the application of counselling skills to social work practice. It is written from the author's first-hand experience of working in the field and teaching counselling skills to social work students. Contains useful hints and tips for trainees and busy practitioners and is illustrated throughout with examples of good practice.

    827 Effective practice in health and social care: a partnership approach

    R. Carnwell and J. Buchanan Open University Press, 2005, 288pp. ISBN 0335214371.

    Looks at partnership in human services between different professional groups delivering health and social care to a broad range of service users. Each chapter focuses on how the challenges of partnership work can be overcome and this is supported by examples from practice and research.

    828 Essential theory for social work practice

    C. Beckett Sage Publications, 2006, 240pp. £17.40. ISBN 9781412908740.

    Takes a realistic and honest approach to the realities of everyday practice. Part 1 establishes what social workers do and the tools they need; Part 2 considers how to assess, handle and support change in others; Part 3 explores the wide range of roles that social workers must fulfil; and Part 4 strengthens these links between theory and practice. Also includes exercises, case examples, chapter summaries and practice notes.

    829 Evidence-based social work: a guide for the perplexed

    T. Newman [et al.] Russell House, 2005, 160pp. £15.50. ISBN 1903855551.

    This book advises practitioners on how to formulate practice questions and find information which can answer these questions and to appraise the information for trustworthiness and relevance and build this process into practice on a regular basis.

  • Business & Management

  • from FINANCE, INDUSTRY & BUSINESS
  • Edited by Ray Lester, Peter Clinch, Heather Dawson, Helen Edwards, Susan Tarrant
  • Book:
    The New Walford Guide to Reference Resources
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 December 2007, pp 385-456

  • Summary

    Introductions to the subject

    3869 Business: the ultimate resource

    2nd edn, A. & C. Black, 2006, 2064pp. £40. ISBN 9780713675092.

    www.ultimatebusinessresource.com/

    This impressive volume, both in size and scope, is a onestop- shop for practical and strategic advice on all areas of current business practice. Fully cross-referenced, the volume is divided into six main sections: best practice guides – overviews of key problems and business issues; management checklists and action lists; management library – summaries of the most influential business books of all time; business thinkers and management giants – profiles of top management gurus; a business dictionary; and business information sources. Purchase also includes free monthly updates available by registering on the website.

    3870 Business in context: an introduction to business and its environment

    D. Needle 4th edn, Thomson Learning, 2004, 646pp. £32.99. ISBN 1861529929.

    www.thomsonlearning.co.uk/ [DESCRIPTION]

    Intended as an introduction to the key functions within the business environment, this thoroughly revised edition places increased emphasis on globalization, ethics and the effect of technology on business. The book also has a companion website containing an online glossary, chapter learning objectives and associated web links.

    3871 Business information on the net

    K. Blakeman

    www.rba.co.uk/sources/index.htm

    RBA Information Services was set up in 1989 by Karen Blakeman, an information professional of more than 20 years. The site provides training and advice on how to find business information on the internet. There are a range of guides and factsheets on how to perform effective searches, which can be purchased directly from the site. Blakeman has also put together a collection of freely available businessoriented resources such as business directories, statistics, market and industry research, stock market data, companyand country-specific information and day-to-day business essentials (telephone directories, exchange rates, interest rates, travel information and acronym finder). Nicely laid out and full of useful information, this site is one for your favourites.

    3872 Classics in management thought

    C.L. Cooper, ed. Edward Elgar, 2000. Elgar mini series (2 v.), £325. ISBN 1858989116.

    www.e-elgar.co.uk/

    This book brings together some of the most influential articles in management over the past 50 years. Volume 1 covers general management theories, leadership, motivation and organizational behaviour. Volume 2 focuses on the organization, with a large part of the volume dedicated to organizational structure. This two-volume set contains a well thought out selection of articles that provide the reader with an invaluable overview of the field of management thinking.

  • Preface

  • Edited by Ray Lester, Peter Clinch, Heather Dawson, Helen Edwards, Susan Tarrant
  • Book:
    The New Walford Guide to Reference Resources
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 December 2007, pp vii-vii

  • Summary

    In this second volume of The New Walford (TNW), we have continued the process of re-engineering ‘Walford’ for the 21st century network society. TNW is not conceptualized primarily as a tool to establish details of specific reference resources. All of us these days – or, at least, all who might also have access to this work – can readily use the web to do that. Rather, TNW Vol 2 principally is a carefully structured guide to examples of the various types of reference resource germane to communication in the social sciences. It is as much an encyclopedia as a resource discovery tool: of especial value – we trust – to students, information professionals and others new to some aspect of social science, and wanting an entrée to its literature.

    Naturally, we have aimed to give a faithful description of the content and characteristics of the items chosen for citation. But not only subsequently will new editions have appeared, imprints changed, URLs moved, organizations discontinued, and so on; also, completely new resources will have arisen, supplementing or in some cases supplanting existing artefacts as the instruments of choice. So what we have here – as with any print tool – is a snapshot, the details planned to be accurate as at mid-2007.

    Not surprisingly, we have toyed with the idea of updating the entries within this volume (and within the first volume of the series) online; or, indeed, of providing a web-searchable version of the whole of each volume's data. But further thought has convinced us that we should eschew such an approach. This, partly because there are already a number of well established generic web-based resource discovery tools for which TNW would be but a partial competitor (including, of course, Google itself!). Partly also, because we feel it very unlikely that we would be able to find enough information specialists willing and able optimally to maintain the currency of the online content, given the overall time, effort and funds that could reasonably be dedicated to the project. In our experience, so frequently human-intermediated webbased companions to, or versions of, print-based tools in the event turn out to be unsustainable. After the initial enthusiasm and flurry of activity, one soon finds the ‘last updated date’ on the website (if such be admitted) to be long ago. We would not want that.

  • Introduction

  • Edited by Ray Lester, Peter Clinch, Heather Dawson, Helen Edwards, Susan Tarrant
  • Book:
    The New Walford Guide to Reference Resources
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 December 2007, pp xii-xvi

  • Summary

    This Introduction covers:

  • ■ Introducing TNW

  • ■ What's new about TNW?

  • ■ The new information universe

  • ■ Selection and description of resources

  • ■ Organization and arrangement of entries

    • Introducing TNW

    The second volume of The New Walford (TNW) is a guide to reference resources in the Social Sciences. It provides a collection of resources aimed particularly at helping people to research unfamiliar subject areas. It offers comprehensive coverage of the range of resources available in the networked world, but is necessarily selective in the set of items chosen for each subject field. Our aim is to get you started, to help you navigate uncharted territory and find the right types of resources to meet your needs.

    This new guide builds on the reputation and concept of the classic Walford's guide to reference material, but we have made radical changes to the design, focus and layout. The internet and the world wide web have had a dramatic impact on the quantity and quality of information resources. The new information universe is diverse and complex with its mix of established and emergent media.

    What's new about TNW?

    TNW has been completely ‘re-engineered’ for the hybrid information world. There are seven key changes from ‘The Old Walford’.

  • ■ Focus on the newcomer – TNW has been specially designed to help the less-experienced user of Social Science resources, particularly people researching a field for the first time.

  • ■ Simpler subject arrangement – TNW has moved away from the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) and adopted its own straightforward threelevel scheme of subject parts, subject groupings and subject fields.

  • ■ Navigation by topic – TNW's new TOPIC INDEX helps you to find your way quickly from a subject heading or an alternative sought term to the right place in the main sequence.

  • ■ New resource categorization – TNW has replaced the 40 or so ‘form headings’ used in the old Walford with a new simpler set of 13 resource categories.

  • ■ Expansion of resource types – TNW includes the full spectrum of resources now available to the internet user, with thousands of organizational websites and portals complementing its coverage of traditional reference tools.

  • ■ Introductory essays – TNW also helps the Social Sciences newcomer by offering short narrative introductions, highlighting key features of each major subject area.

  • Information & Library Sciences

  • from MEDIA & INFORMATION
  • Edited by Ray Lester, Peter Clinch, Heather Dawson, Helen Edwards, Susan Tarrant
  • Book:
    The New Walford Guide to Reference Resources
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 December 2007, pp 561-610

  • Summary

    Introductions to the subject

    5338 Foundations of library and information science

    R.E. Rubin 2nd edn, Neal-Schuman, 2004, 581pp. $65. ISBN 1555705189.

    Comprehensive introduction which places librarianship in its broader context and identifies key issues for contemporary practice. Covers the information infrastructure, a services perspective on information science, information policy, information organization, library values, professional ethics, libraries as institutions and the library profession. Includes end-of-chapter references and selected readings on nine topics.

    ‘As Victorian travelers once carried their Baedekers, MLIS students will now cart their Rubins …’ (Journal of the American Society for Information Science)

    5339 Fundamentals of information studies: understanding information and its environment

    J. Lester and W.C. Koehler 2nd edn, Neal-Schuman, 2007, 375pp. $65. ISBN 1555705944.

    Accessible textbook intended to provide a broadly based introduction to the information field, covering information in society, fundamental concepts of information, information technology, information institutions, information professions, economics of information, regulation of information, information policy and information ethics. Announced new edition includes additional chapters on user behaviour and on information, power and society, with all other chapters updated and revised. End-of-chapter references, glossary and comprehensive index. Supported by companion website.

    5340 Information management: a consolidation of operations, analysis and strategy

    M. Middleton; Charles Sturt University 2002, 526pp. AUS$90. ISBN 1976938366.

    Notable for its focus on the softer aspects of ‘information management’, defined: ‘In this book information management is taken to be the organization of the institutional processes necessary for use of information, as well as organization of the information itself for effectivecommunication – whether directly or in recorded form.’ Four parts: A. Overview; B. Organizational information management; C. Analytical aspects of information management; D. Administrative aspects of information management. Good use of graphics.

    From the University's Centre for Information Studies

    5341 Information strategy in practice

    E. Orna Gower, 2004, 163pp. £35. ISBN 0566085798.

    Shorter, updated version of the author's classic text Practical information policies (2nd edn. Gower, 1999), aimed at newcomers to the field, particularly students and professionals lacking an information specialist background. Provides a step-by-step guide to developing and using an information strategy, starting with the conduct of an initial information audit, prior to formulating an organizational information policy and translating this into a practical information strategy. Prefaced by useful definitions and explanations of key concepts, such as knowledge, information, organizational information policy, information strategy, information management and knowledge management.

  • Politics

  • from POLITICS, GOVERNMENT & LAW
  • Edited by Ray Lester, Peter Clinch, Heather Dawson, Helen Edwards, Susan Tarrant
  • Book:
    The New Walford Guide to Reference Resources
    Published by:
    Facet
    Published online:
    09 June 2018
    Print publication:
    31 December 2007, pp 129-218

  • Summary

    Introductions to the subject

    1212 British politics today

    D. Kavanagh and B. Jones 7th edn, Manchester University Press, 2003, 256pp. £8.99. ISBN 9780719065095.

    Popular student textbook which provides an accessible introduction to changes in British politics since 1945. It includes coverage of evolving trends in organization, attitudes and political behaviour. Chapters cover key topics such as the changing social and political context of British life, the growth of the media, reform of the House of Commons and House of Lords, political devolution and relations with the European Union.

    1213 Comparative government and politics: an introduction

    R. Hague and M. Harrop 7th edn, Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, 355pp. £23.99. ISBN 9781403913159.

    The latest edition of this well established text offers a sound introduction to all aspects of comparative politics. Coverage is international in scope and includes discussion of the role of the state in the 21st-century globalized era. Studentfriendly features include case studies, charts, tables and debate boxes highlighting key questions.

    1214 Comparative politics: approaches and issues

    H.J. Wiarda Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2006, 304pp. £19.99. ISBN 9780742530362.

    An excellent introduction to the subject area which is especially useful for student use. It begins with an introduction to the field of comparative politics and proceeds to discussion of recent and future areas of research. A ‘hot topics’ section highlights recent areas of concern, including civil society, environmental politics and political development.

    1215 Doing research in political science: an introduction to comparative methods and statistics

    P. Pennings, H. Keman and J. Kleinnijenhuis 2nd edn, Sage Publications, 2006, 352pp. £24.99. ISBN 9781412903776.

    Useful text for students beginning research in political science. Offers a clear guide to the main theories and methodologies. Includes coverage of both qualitative and quantitative political analysis. Topics covered include basic descriptive and inferential statistical methods and advanced multivarate methods. Each chapter contains practice exercises, summary questions and lists of further readings.

    1216 Government in America: people, politics and policy

    G. Edwards 7th edn, Longman, 2006. £42.99. ISBN 9790321434296.

    www.longmanparticipate.com

    The latest edition of this well regarded student textbook aims to provide a solid introduction to the US political system and public policy. Chapters cover the constitution, the main political institutions, parties and patterns of political behaviour. Also covered are public policy outputs and the interaction between state and local government.

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