Jemal, A, Siegel, R, Ward, E. Cancer statistics, 2008. CA Cancer J Clin. 2008;58(2):71–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bernardi, D, Barzan, L, Franchin, G. Treatment of head and neck cancer in elderly patients: state of the art and guidelines. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2005;53(1):71–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Derks, W, Leeuw, JR, Hordijk, GJ. Reasons for non-standard treatment in elderly patients with advanced head and neck cancer. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2005;262(1):21–26.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Yellen, SB, Cella, DF, Leslie, WT. Age and clinical decision making in oncology patients. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1994;86(23):1766–1770.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Balducci, L, Extermann, M. Cancer and aging. An evolving panorama. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2000;14(1):1–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bhattacharyya, N.A matched survival analysis for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in the elderly. Laryngoscope. 2003;113(2):368–372.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

,National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology senior adult oncology V.2.2007. National Comprehensive Cancer Network Web site. Available at: http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/f_guidelines.asp.

Greene, FL, Page, DL, Fleming, ID. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 6th ed. New York: Springer; 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Leon, X, Quer, M, Orus, C. Distant metastases in head and neck cancer patients who achieved loco-regional control. Head Neck. 2000;22: 680–686.3.0.CO;2-J>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Ellis, ER, Mendenhall, WM, Rao, PV. Does node location affect the incidence of distant metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma?Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1989;17:293–297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Blot, WJ, McLaughlin, JK, Winn, DM. Smoking and drinking in relation to oral and pharyngeal cancer. Cancer Res. 1988;48(11): 3282–3287.Google ScholarPubMed

Kreimer, AR, Clifford, GM, Boyle, P. Human papillomavirus types in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas worldwide: a systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005;14: 467–475.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kreimer, AR, Albert, AJ, Daniel, R. Oral human papillomavirus infection in adults is associated with sexual behavior and HIV serostatus. J Infect Dis. 2004;189(4):686–698.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Gillison, ML.Human papillomavirus and prognosis of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: implications for clinical research in head and neck cancers. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(36): 5623–5625.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Choong, N, Vokes, E. Expanding role of the medical oncologist in the management of head and neck cancer. CA Cancer J Clin. 2008;58(1): 32–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Spector, JG, Sessions, DG, Chao, KS. Management of stage II (T2N0M0) glottic carcinoma by radiotherapy and conservation surgery. Head Neck. 1999;21:116–123.3.0.CO;2-8>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Spector, JG, Sessions, DG, Chao, KS. Stage I (Tl N0 M0) squamous cell carcinoma of the laryngeal glottis: therapeutic results and voice preservation. Head Neck. 1999;21:707–717.3.3.CO;2-U>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Sessions, DG, Lenox, J, Spector, GJ. Supraglottic laryngeal cancer: analysis of treatment results. Laryngoscope. 2005;115:1402–1410.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Sessions, DG, Lenox, J, Spector, GJ. Analysis of treatment results for base of tongue cancer. Laryngoscope. 2003;113:1252–1261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Cooper, JS, Pajak, TF, Forastiere, AA. Postoperative concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy for high-risk squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:1937–1944.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Adelstein, DJ, Rodriguez, CP. Current and emerging standards of concomitant chemoradiotherapy. Semin Oncol. 2008;35(3): 211–220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Seiwert, TY, Salama, JK, Vokes, EE. The concurrent chemoradiation paradigm – general principles. Nat Clin Pract Oncol. 2007;4(2):86–100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Marcial, VA, Pajak, TF, Mohiuddin, M. Concomitant cisplatin chemotherapy and radiotherapy in advanced mucosal squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: long-term results of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group study 81–17. Cancer. 1990;66(9):1861– 1868.3.0.CO;2-I>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Al-Sarraf, M, LeBlanc, M, Giri, PG. Chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal cancer: phase III randomized Intergroup study 0099. J Clin Oncol. 1998;16(4):1310–1317.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Adelstein, DJ, Li, Y, Adams, GL. An intergroup phase III comparison of standard radiation therapy and two schedules of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with unresectable squamous cell head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(1):92–98.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Forastiere, AA, Goepfert, H, Maor, M. Concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy for organ preservation in advanced laryngeal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(22):2091–2098.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bourhis, J, Amand, C, Pignon, J-P. Update of MACH-NC (Meta-Analysis of Chemotherapy in Head & Neck Cancer) database focused on concomitant chemoradiotherapy [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2004;22:14s.Google Scholar

Sanabria, A, Carvalho, AL, Vartanian, JG. Comorbidity is a prognostic factor in elderly patients with head and neck cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007;14(4):1449–1457.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bourhis, J, Maitre, A, Pignon, J. Impact of age on treatment effect in locally advanced head and neck cancer (HNC): two individual patient data meta-analyses [abstract]. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2006;24(suppl):280s.Google Scholar

Mekhail, TM, Adelstein, DJ, Rybicki, . Enteral nutrition during the treatment of head and neck carcinoma: is a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube preferable to a naogastric tube?Cancer. 2001;91(9):1785–1790.3.0.CO;2-1>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Airoldi, M, Cortesina, G, Giordan, C. Postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in older patients with head and neck cancer. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004;130(2): 161–166.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bernier, J, Domenge, C, Ozsahin, M. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Trial 22931: Postoperative irradiation with or without concomitant chemotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(19):1945–1952.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Cooper, JS, Pajak, TF, Forastiere, AA. Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9501/Intergroup: postoperative concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy for high-risk squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(19):1937–1944.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Calais, G, Alfonsi, M, Bardet, E. Randomized trial of radiation therapy versus concomitant chemotherapy and radiation therapy for advanced-stage oropharynx carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999;91(24):2081–2086.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Jacobs, C, Goffinet, DR, Goffinet, L. Chemotherapy as a substitute for surgery in the treatment advanced respectable head and neck cancer: a report from the Northern California Oncology Group. Cancer. 1987;60(6):1178–1183.3.0.CO;2-S>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

,Induction chemotherapy plus radiation compared with surgery plus radiation in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer. The Department of Veterans Affairs Laryngeal Cancer Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1991;324(24):1685–1690.Google Scholar

Pignon, JP, Bourhis, J, Domenge, C. Chemotherapy added to locoregional treatment for head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma: three meta-analyses of updated individual data. MACH-NC Collaborative Group. Meta-Analysis of Chemotherapy on Head and Neck Cancer. Lancet. 2000;355(9208):949–955.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Vermorken, JB, Remenar, E, Herpen, C. EORTC 24971/TAX 323 Study Group Cisplatin, fluorouracil, and docetaxel in unresectable head and neck cancer. N Engl J Med. 2007 Oct 25;357(17):1695–1704.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Posner, MR, Hershock, DM, Blajman, CR. TAX 324 Study Group. Cisplatin and fluorouracil alone or with docetaxel in head and neck cancer. N Engl J Med. 2007 Oct 25;357(17):1705–1715.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Ervin, TJ, Clark, JR, Weichselbaum, RR. An analysis of induction and adjuvant chemotherapy in the multidisciplinary treatment of squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. J Clin Oncol. 1987;5:10–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kies, MS, Gordon, LI, Hauck, WW. Analysis of complete responders after initial treatment with chemotherapy in head and neck cancer. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1985;93:199–205.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Rooney, M, Kish, J, Jacobs, J. Improved complete response rate and survival in advanced head and neck cancer after three-course induction therapy with 120-hour 5-FU infusion and cisplatin. Cancer. 1985;55:1123–1128.3.0.CO;2-8>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Urba, S, Wolf, G, Eisbruch, A. Single-cycle induction chemotherapy selects patients with advanced laryngeal cancer for combined chemoradiation: a new treatment paradigm. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:593–598.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Worden, FP, Kumar, B, Lee, JS. Chemoselection as a strategy for organ preservation in advanced oropharynx cancer: response and survival positively associated with HPV16 copy number. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26: 3138–3146CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Ferlito, A, Shaha, AR, Silver, CE. Incidence and sites of distant metastases from head and neck cancer. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2001;63:202–207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Teknos, TN, Rosenthal, EL, Lee, D. Positron emission tomography in the evaluation of stage III and IV head and neck cancer. Head Neck. 2001;23:1056–1060.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Schwartz, DL, Rajendran, J, Yueh, B. Staging of head and neck squamous cell cancer with extended-field FDG-PET. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003;129:1173–1178.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Pitman, KT, Johnson, JT. Skin metastases from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: incidence and impact. Head Neck. 1999;21: 560–565.3.0.CO;2-Q>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Forastiere, AA, Metch, B, Schuller, . Randomized comparison of cisplatin plus fluorouracil and carboplatin plus fluorouracil versus methotrexate in advanced squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a Southwest Oncology Group study. J Clin Oncol. 1992;10(8): 1245–1251.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Jacobs, C, Lyman, G, Velez-Garcia, E. A phase III randomized study comparing cisplatin and fluorouracil as single agents and in combination for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. J Clin Oncol. 1992;10(2):257–263.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hutchins, LF, Unger, JM, Crowley, JJ. Underrepresentation of patients 65 years of age or older in cancer-treatment trials. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(27):2061–2067.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Lewis, JH, Kilgore, ML, Goldman, DP. Participation of patients 65 years of age or older in cancer clinical trials. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21(7): 1383–1389.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Argiris, A, Li, Y, Murphy, BA. Outcome of elderly patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22(2):262– 268.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kornblith, AB, Kemeny, M, Peterson, BL. Cancer and Leukemia Group B: survey of oncologists'; perceptions of barriers to accrual of older patients with breast carcinoma to clinical trials. Cancer. 2002;95(5):989–996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Trimble, EL, Carter, CL, Cain, D. Representation of older patients in cancer treatment trials. Cancer. 1994;74(7 suppl): 2208–2214.3.0.CO;2-#>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Argiris, A, Li, Y, Forastiere, A. Prognostic factors and long-term survivorship in patients with recurrent or metastatic carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer. 2004;101(10):2222–2229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Salama, JK, Vokes, EE. Concurrent chemotherapy and re-irradiation for locoregionally recurrent head and neck cancer. Semin Oncol. 2008;35(3): 251–261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Egloff, AM, Grandis, JR. Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor and SRC pathways in head and neck cancer. Semin Oncol. 2008;35(3): 286–297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Mehra, R, Cohen, RB, Burtness, BA. The role of cetuximab for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2008;6(10):742–750.Google ScholarPubMed

Mell, LK, Weichselbaum, RR. More on cetuximab in head and neck cancer. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(21):2201–2202; author reply 2202–2203.Google ScholarPubMed

,RTOG 0522; NCT 00265941. U.S. National Institutes of Health Web site. Available at: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov.

Vermorken, JB, Trigo, J, Hitt, R. Open-label, uncontrolled, multicenter phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of cetuximab as a single agent in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck who failed to respond to platinum-based therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(16):2171–2177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Bentzen, SM, Trotti, A. Evaluation of early and late toxicities in chemoradiation trials. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(26):4096–4103.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Low, WK, Toh, ST, Wee, J. Sensorineural hearing loss after radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy: a single, blinded, randomized study. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(12):1904–1909.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Haman, KL.Psychologic distress and head and neck cancer: part 1 – review of the literature. J Support Oncol. 2008;6(4):155–163.Google ScholarPubMed

Misono, S, Weiss, NS, Fann, JR. Incidence of suicide in persons with cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26(29):4731–4738.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed