A moderna fase, iniciada no século XV, de contactos de europeus com regióes tropicais — contactos que têm importado na maior ou na menor europeização dessas regiões — permite-nos considerar êsse fenômeno em têrmos nao só de Historia Social e de Antropologia Cultural como de Sociología de Historia ou de Sociologia da Cultura. Em qualquer dessas especialidades, é assunto, ésse, de importancia máxima para a interpretacáo e a compreensáo do Homem Situado: assunto já de Antropologia Filosófica. Em têrmos, quer da primeira, quer de qualquer outra dessas especialidades — principalmente em têrmos, sociológicos ou antropo-filosóficos — já nos é permitido empregar a expressáo “eurotropical” para caracterizar, globalmente, ésse tipo de contactos interregionais, interraciais e interculturais.

Colombia is a country of paradoxes. Because of the high culture of its ruling classes, Bogotá is called the “Athens of Latin America,” yet over one-third of the population is illiterate. The country is unusually well-endowed with natural resources, has a relatively large land area and a population of 15.6 million, but the per capita income is only the eighth highest in Latin America. Colombia is relatively underpopulated, with the same population as the Netherlands and 35 times its area, but there are millions of landless campesinos. Living in Bogotá, and walking the paths of the wealthy, it is difficult for a foreigner (and also for many Bogotanians) to believe that most Colombians are desperately poor. This is because Bogotá and the other main cities are like islands in a sea of poverty.

El Cuadro de la literatura peruana en 1964 y dentro del primer semestre de 1965 es singularmente sugestivo, aun sin considerar un magnífico éxito literario que fue la novela laureada La ciudad y los perros de Mario Vargas Llosa, editada a fines de 1963 y proclamada un buen suceso dentro de todo el ámbito hispánico y aun en los sectores europeos a donde alcanza la difusión de sus versiones.

Algunas de las obras reseñadas constituyen, coincidentemente, culminaciones de trayectorias representativas, tanto en la poesía y en la narrativa, como en el ensayo. No cabe duda, que al igual que en otros países hispanoamericanos, adviene una etapa de madurez creadora, doble expresión de un aliento americano en la temática y un horizonte universal en la estructura de las obras.

Le discours dont nous reproduisons le texte ci-dessous a été prononcé le 26 avril 1956 au symposium organise par le Département des Affaires culturelle de l'Union Panaméricaine á San-Juan de Porto Rico. II nous a semblé qu'il contenait, en plus de son excellence littéraire, es données historiques authentiques et qu'il exprimait des aspirations humaines de valeur permanente. Nous avons pensé qu'il était opportun, et nécessaire, de garder ees valeurs presentes á l'esprit á l'époque troublée ou nous vivons; que dans un monde qui, a tort ou á raison, attache de plus en plus d'importance aux données quantiíatives, et cela souvent au dépens de l'humain, le caractére profondement humaniste de cette allocution viendrait rafraichir l'esprit et la mémoire du lecteur et lui rappeler que, quand tout aura été dit et qu'auront été conquises les frontiéres extremes de la connaissance, ce qui concernera encore et toujours les hommes ce sera l'Homme.

In few areas of the world are the role and contribution of the intellectual elite more significant than in Latin America. Its membership has historically been in the forefront of major political and social movements, and there has been somewhat less of the distaste for politics and public responsibility than is often found elsewhere. Leading intellectuals are widely respected and nationally prominent, enjoying a degree of prestige that is scarcely exceeded in any other region. The pensador—sometimes likened to the eighteenth-century philosophe— has been intimately involved in major political movements from colonial times to the present.

Colombia's current attempt at agrarian reform began in December 1961 with the passage of Law 135, “On Social Agrarian Reform.” The Law has as its central objective a change in land tenure relationships in the densely populated western (or Andean) section of Colombia, where latifundia and minifundia often exist side by side. The Law established the Colombian Agrarian Reform Institute (Instituto Colombiano de la Reforma Agraria or INCORA) as a semiautonomous governmental agency to direct the process of reform. In recent months, however, the pace of the reform, which began ten projects during the first six months of 1962, has been slowed considerably due to a multitude of problems, among which the most serious are unswerving opposition to the program by both the large landowners and their allies on the right, the Movimiento Revolutcionario Liberal (MRL and its allies on the left, and inadequate financing.

Quando em 1960, integrando urna comitiva de 12 deputados brasileiros em visita aos Estados Unidos a convite do govêrno norte-americano, integrando sem ter pleiteiado e só figurando entre os convidados, porque depois de muitas escolhas domésticas em vézes sucessivas, chegara fatalmente minha vez, troquei idéias em New York, na Columbia University, com um dos seus professôres de Historia.

Sendo eu professor de Historia da América, da Universidade do Paraná, manifestei em meio da palestra, minha predileção pela Historia colonial, largo período do mais alto interêsse, por ser ai que se descobrem as verdadeiras raízes da formação americana.

The persistence of peronista political power remains the essential political concern of post-Perón Argentina. This dilemma has never been resolved and its presence affects any approximation of social and political integration. As contemporary peronismo responds to an apparent psycho-social void that has not been filled by any other party or movement, the alternatives today are as they were ten years ago: to allow the peronistas legal political status, to integrate them into existing political parties, or to permanently isolate them. The astounding peronista successes in the March 1965 Congressional elections favor the first solution to this now historical problem.

Los Estudios sobre el liderazgo se han llevado a cabo en muchos lugares diferentes, empleando un número de métodos distintos. Estos métodos varían en el enfoque y en los resultados obtenidos: uno se limita a preguntar a los informantes claves, quiénes son los líderes de la comunidad, y en acercarse a esos líderes repitiendo la pregunta a cada una de las personas que aparecen en la lista. Conforme más y más van apareciendo en la lista, se entrevista también a las nuevas personas mencionadas. El resultado final es una lista de personas que se describen como líderes o que tienen influencia en los asuntos de la comunidad. Los líderes principales en este caso son aquellos que aparecen con más frecuencia en las diferentes listas obtenidas.

Ernesto Sábato es una de las figuras más destacadas del ambiente intelectual de la Argentina contemporánea. Ensayista y novelista, es un escritor que se ha lanzado con todas las fibras de su ser a la lucha desesperada con los problemas de nuestro tiempo. Siempre ha habido escritores que se han contentado con el arte “desinteresado”, los que se han ocupado principalmente de mundos fantásticos, los que han preferido observar, en contraste con los que han convertido su obra en instrumento por el bienestar social, los que participan activamente en la creación de una literatura de “servicio”, los que “agonizan”.

In his scholarly paper about the origins and writing of Longfellow's Hiawatha, Professor Moyne includes a whole canto which the poet decided at the last moment to omit from his completed work. Because its theme — the American Indian — is an all- American theme and because Longfellow himself enjoyed such rich relationships, both personal and literary, with peoples of Hispanic cultures, it seems particularly appropriate that the Journal of Inter-American Studies should be the first to present this hitherto unpublished canto to its readers.