High take-off coronary artery anomaly is a quite rare anomaly which is usually seen in isolated form and diagnosed incidentally. Association with tetralogy of Fallot is also rare and it is not one of the well-known coronary anomalies seen in this disease. Here, we describe high take-off right coronary artery in a 10-month-old female patient with tetralogy of Fallot which was diagnosed during catheter angiography. It is very important to show this anomaly sometimes with additional imaging techniques as it alters all the surgical approach including aortic cannulation.

A newborn with hypoplastic left heart underwent a Norwood operation. Obstruction of the Blalock–Thomas–Taussig shunt was treated with a stent. During resuscitation, this was compressed, which contributed to a fatal outcome.

Dengue virus can affect the heart, with complications as bradycardia, arrhythmias, and death. We present a case of a 15-year-old patient, diagnosed 4 years before with severe idiopathic pulmonary hypertension, confirmed by catheterism, with continuous follow up. At that time, she was living in Bogotá (2640 m above sea level). Sildenafil and Macitentan were started. She was recommended to live at low altitude and she moved. The patient was transferred back to Bogota, from that place, due to flu-like symptoms and fever. Immunoglobulin M for dengue was confirmed and second-degree atrioventricular block Mobitz I with bradycardia (40 beats/minute) was documented throughout the clinical course. She recovered.

We report the smallest case of the balloon aortic valvuloplasty via a carotid artery. A baby boy weighing 890 g suffered from a severe aortic stenosis. Balloon aortic valvuloplasty using a TMP-Ped 4-mm balloon catheter succeeded in resolving severe aortic stenosis without any complications. Balloon aortic valvuloplasty via a carotid artery can be a first-line treatment even for extremely-low-birth-weight infants.

Aortopulmonary window is a rare congenital heart defect. Left main coronary artery extrinsic compression by an enlarged pulmonary artery is a rare complication and a potential cause for chest pain and sudden cardiac death in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Here, we present the case of a 14-year-old boy with a large aortopulmonary window who was planned for a device closure, but during the procedure, he developed ST-T segment changes while the device was being deployed, and hence the procedure was abandoned. The boy subsequently underwent a successful surgical closure thereafter.

16p12.2 microdeletion has been associated with congenital heart defects and developmental delay. In this case, we describe the rare association between tetralogy of Fallot with an absent pulmonary valve a right-sided aortic arch and a retro-aortic innominate vein associated with a 16p12.2 microdeletion and epilepsy.

This case report shares the story of a family who sought care elsewhere after their daughter was denied cardiac surgery in their home state because she had trisomy 18. This case report recommends case-by-case assessment of cardiac surgical interventions for children with trisomy 13 or 18 as informed by review of goals, assessment of comorbidities, and literature-informed practice. Coordinated care planning and interdisciplinary communication are relevant in cardiac surgical considerations for children with these underlying genetic conditions.

A fistula between the pulmonary artery and the left atrium is a rare entity and its diagnosis is uncommon in the neonatal period. There are more reported surgical treatments in the literature than with a transcatheter closure. We report the case of a prenatal diagnosis of a large fistula between the right pulmonary artery and the left atrium with successful transcatheter closure with an Amplatzer duct occluder II 6/4 mm.

We present a case of percutaneous coronary intervention in a 4-month-old infant with both severe coronary stenosis and acute heart failure after arterial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries. Under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, balloon angioplasty of the left coronary artery with a 2.0 × 15-mm balloon and stent implantation on the right coronary artery with a 2.25 × 26-mm stent were performed successfully. Echocardiography after the intervention showed recovered cardiac function and no complications.

Anomalous origin of a single coronary artery arising from the innominate artery associated with coronary artery fistula and truncus arteriosus is extremely rare. We found this anomaly in a 16-month-old infant-girl who received Rastelli procedure during the operation. The three defects described above are rarely found together; indeed, such a case as ours may be the first reported in the literature.

The coexistence of tetralogy of Fallot and Ebstein’s anomaly is extremely rare. There are only a few case reports in the literature, and surgical options for the treatment are controversial. There is insufficient data on long-term follow-up of patients and management of complications. In this case report, we present a 20-year-old adult with operated tetralogy of Fallot, Ebstein’s anomaly, and Glenn anastomosis who underwent transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation for severe pulmonary insufficiency.

A 4-year-old child of 10 kg weight, with four previous sternotomies, presented a severe right heart failure, due to a severe regurgitation of his bioprosthetic tricuspid valve. A percutaneous tricuspid valve in valve procedure with an Edwards S3 valve was offered for compassionate use, and performed, with no complications, and significant clinical condition improvement.

Transcatheter closure of secundum-type atrial septal defects has become the treatment of choice in the majority of cases. Femoral venous access is the standard rout for device implantation. Anatomic abnormalities of venous system including interrupted inferior caval vein with azygous continuation can make the percutaneous procedure more complicated. In such instances, alternative methods of transjugular or transhepatic approach or surgical repair should be considered. We present the case of a 50-year-old male with secundum-type atrial septal defect and a rare form of segmental interruption of inferior caval vein and describe successful atrial septal defect closure through transfemoral approach.

Anomalous origin of coronary artery originating from the pulmonary artery in conjunction with the aorticopulmonary window (APW) is a rare but a significant anomaly in the era of congenital cardiac diseases. The occurrence of anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery among the associated anomalies is less than 5%. The severity of the clinical condition of these patients depends on the degree of left–right shunt and compromise of the pulmonary blood flow. We report surgical management of a case of a 45-day-old infant with APW, ventricular septal defect, and anomalous origin of coronary artery originated from the pulmonary artery.

Flecainide overdose is associated with an approximately 10% mortality rate. The drug’s slow rate of elimination and high oral bioavailability make successful management extremely challenging. I present the management of a life-threatening flecainide overdose of an infant who had a protracted course due to the exposure to the drug in both the fetal and neonatal periods.

A full-term, female presented on her date of birth with severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) and mitral regurgitation (MR), requiring veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. After the treatment, her PH and MR were resolved with no anatomic abnormality present. We propose a positive feedback loop of PH causing right ventricular dilation and interventricular septal shifts, worsening MR, and elevated left atrial, and potentially pulmonary, pressures.

Congenital heart block is a rare and lethal condition in paediatric population associated with maternal connective tissue disorders and rarely with structural cardiac disease like atrioventricular canal defects with or without left isomerism and congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries. Pacing in neonate if indicated is generally accomplished by epicardial pacing systems. However, in cases of significant bradycardia and haemodynamic instability, temporary pacemaker implantation via transvenous approach remains as a suitable option. Despite the advances in percutaneous catheter interventions, use of transvenous pacing in newborn is extremely challenging due to inadvertent risk of vessel injury, thrombus formation and mortality, and most of the time technical inability to place the lead within the right ventricular cavity. We report a case of congenital complete atrioventricular block in a premature male with birth weight of 1.51 kg who was managed with temporary pacemaker implantation through umbilical vein.

Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum has been rarely reported. Data are lacking on the impact and management of systemic ventricular outflow tract obstruction that developed following the Fontan procedure. We report a case of an 8-year-old male who developed left ventricular outflow tract obstruction 6 months after the Fontan procedure.

Pulmonary hypertension is not the only cause of arterial desaturation in patients with atrial septal defect. Arterial desaturation can also occur with normal pulmonary artery pressure making it mandatory to understand the mechanism to avoid erroneous diagnosis. In this report, for the first time, we demonstrate atrial flutter as the cause of arterial desaturation in a patient with large atrial septal defect despite normal pulmonary artery pressure, which was normalised following successful radiofrequency ablation.