Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vfjqv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T15:49:05.236Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 26 - Post-Transplant Relapse and Graft Failure: Does a Second Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Work?

from Section 8 - Prevention, Detection, and Treatment of Relapse after Hematopoietic Cell Transplants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 May 2017

Hillard M. Lazarus
Affiliation:
Case Western Reserve University, Ohio
Robert Peter Gale
Affiliation:
Imperial College London
Armand Keating
Affiliation:
University of Toronto
Andrea Bacigalupo
Affiliation:
Ospedale San Martino, Genoa
Reinhold Munker
Affiliation:
Louisiana State University, Shreveport
Kerry Atkinson
Affiliation:
University of Queensland
Syed Ali Abutalib
Affiliation:
Midwestern Regional Medical Center, Cancer Treatment Centers of America, Chicago
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
Hematopoietic Cell Transplants
Concepts, Controversies and Future Directions
, pp. 232 - 246
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Gooley, TA, Chien, JW, Pergam, SA, et al. Reduced mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic-cell transplantation. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(22):2091–101.Google Scholar
Horan, JT, Logan, BR, Agovi-Johnson, MA, et al. Reducing the risk for transplantation-related mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: how much progress has been made? J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(7):805–13.Google Scholar
Anasetti, C, Logan, BR, Lee, SJ, et al. Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network. Peripheral-blood stem cells versus bone marrow from unrelated donors. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(16):1487–96.Google Scholar
Rocha, V, Labopin, M, Sanz, G, et al. Acute Leukemia Working Party of European Blood and Marrow Transplant Group; Eurocord-Netcord Registry. Transplants of umbilical-cord blood or bone marrow from unrelated donors in adults with acute leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(22):2276–85.Google Scholar
Locatelli, F, Kabbara, N, Ruggeri, A, et al. Outcome of patients with hemoglobinopathies given either cord blood or bone marrow transplantation from an HLA-identical sibling. Blood. 2013;122(6):1072–8.Google Scholar
Bernaudin, F, Socie, G, Kuentz, M, et al. SFGM-T: .Long-term results of related myeloablative stem-cell transplantation to cure sickle cell disease. Blood. 2007;110(7):2749–56.Google Scholar
Porter, DL, Alyea, EP, Antin, JH, et al. NCI First International Workshop on the Biology, Prevention, and Treatment of Relapse after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Report from the Committee on Treatment of Relapse after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2010;16(11):1467–503.Google Scholar
Schmid, C, Labopin, M, Nagler, A, et al. Acute Leukaemia Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT). Treatment, risk factors, and outcome of adults with relapsed AML after reduced intensity conditioning for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2012;119(6):1599–606.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollyea, DA, Artz, AS, Stock, W, et al. Outcomes of patients with AML and MDS who relapse or progress after reduced intensity allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2007;40(11):1027–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kenkre, VP, Horowitz, S, Artz, AS, et al. T-cell-depleted allogeneic transplant without donor leukocyte infusions results in excellent long-term survival in patients with multiply relapsed Lymphoma. Predictors for survival after transplant relapse. Leuk Lymphoma. 2011;52(2):214–22.Google Scholar
Elmaagacli, AH, Beelen, DW, Schaefer, UW. A retrospective single centre study of the outcome of five different therapy approaches in 48 patients with relapse of chronic myelogenous leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997;20(12):1045–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mehta, J, Powles, R, Kulkarni, S, et al. Induction of graft-versus-host disease as immunotherapy of leukemia relapsing after allogeneic transplantation: single-center experience of 32 adult patients. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997;20(2):129–35.Google Scholar
Higano, CS, Brixey, M, Bryant, EM, et al. Durable complete remission of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia associated with discontinuation of immunosuppression following relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. A case report of a probable graft-versus-leukemia effect. Transplantation. 1990;50(1):175–7.Google Scholar
Giralt, S, Escudier, S, Kantarjian, H, et al. Preliminary results of treatment with filgrastim for relapse of leukemia and myelodysplasia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. N Engl J Med. 1993;329(11):757–61.Google Scholar
Worth, LL, Mullen, CA, Choroszy, M, et al. Treatment of leukemia relapse with recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) following unrelated umbilical cord blood transplant: Induction of graft-vs.-leukemia. Pediatr Transplant. 2002;6(5):439–42.Google Scholar
Jabbour, E, Giralt, S, Kantarjian, H, et al. Low-dose azacitidine after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute leukemia. Cancer. 2009;115(9):1899–905.Google Scholar
Bolaños-Meade, J, Smith, BD, Gore, SD, et al. 5-azacytidine as salvage treatment in relapsed myeloid tumors after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2011;17(5):754–8.Google Scholar
Czibere, A, Bruns, I, Kröger, N, et al. 5-Azacytidine for the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome who relapse after allo-SCT: a retrospective analysis. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2010;45(5):872–6.Google Scholar
Fathi, AT, Chen, YB. Treatment of relapse of acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Curr Hematol Malig Rep. 2014;9(2):186–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Giralt, SA, Champlin, RE. Leukemia relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: a review. Blood. 1994;84(11):3603–12.Google Scholar
Sharma, M, Ravandi, F, Bayraktar, UD, et al. Treatment of FLT3-ITD-positive acute myeloid leukemia relapsing after allogeneic stem cell transplantation with sorafenib. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2011;17(12):1874–7.Google Scholar
Metzelder, SK, Schroeder, T, Finck, A, et al. High activity of sorafenib in FLT3-ITD-positive acute myeloid leukemia synergizes with allo-immune effects to induce sustained responses. Leukemia. 2012;26(11):2353–9.Google Scholar
Kolb, HJ, Mittermüller, J, Clemm, C, et al. Donor leukocyte transfusions for treatment of recurrent chronic myelogenous leukemia in marrow transplant patients. Blood. 1990;76(12):2462–5.Google Scholar
Kolb, HJ, Schattenberg, A, Goldman, JM, et al. European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Working Party Chronic Leukemia: Graft-versus-leukemia effect of donor lymphocyte transfusions in marrow grafted patients. Blood. 1995;86(5):2041–50.Google Scholar
Porter, DL, Collins, RH Jr, Hardy, C, et al. Treatment of relapsed leukemia after unrelated donor marrow transplantation with unrelated donor leukocyte infusions. Blood. 2000;95(4):1214–21.Google ScholarPubMed
Schmid, C, Labopin, M, Nagler, A, et al. EBMT Acute Leukemia Working Party. Donor lymphocyte infusion in the treatment of first hematological relapse after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation in adults with acute myeloid leukemia: a retrospective risk factors analysis and comparison with other strategies by the EBMT Acute Leukemia Working Party. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(31):4938–45.Google Scholar
Schroeder, T, Czibere, A, Platzbecker, U, et al. Azacitidine and donor lymphocyte infusions as first salvage therapy for relapse of AML or MDS after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Leukemia. 2013;27(6):1229–35.Google Scholar
Hasskarl, J, Zerweck, A, Wäsch, R, et al. Induction of graft versus malignancy effect after unrelated allogeneic PBSCT using donor lymphocyte infusions derived from frozen aliquots of the original graft. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2012;47(2):277–82.Google Scholar
Warlick, ED, DeFor, T, Blazar, BR, et al. Successful remission rates and survival after lymphodepleting chemotherapy and donor lymphocyte infusion for relapsed hematologic malignancies postallogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2012;18(3):480–6.Google Scholar
Porter, DL, Collins, RH Jr, Shpilberg, O, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients who achieved complete remission after donor leukocyte infusions. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 1999;5(4):253–61.Google Scholar
Fan, Y, Liu, H, Artz, A et al. The outcomes of second allogeneic stem cell transplantation for disease relapse after T cell depleted allogeneic stem cell transplantation: A single center experience, University of Chicago. Blood. 2014;124:2509.Google Scholar
Christopeit, M, Kuss, O, Finke, J, et al. Second allograft for hematologic relapse of acute leukemia after first allogeneic stem-cell transplantation from related and unrelated donors: the role of donor change. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(26):3259–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leung, AY, Tse, E, Hwang, YY, et al. Primary treatment of leukemia relapses after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning second transplantation from the original donor. Am J Hematol. 2013;88(6):485–91.Google Scholar
Christopoulos, P, Schmoor, C, Waterhouse, M, et al. Reduced-intensity conditioning with fludarabine and thiotepa for second allogeneic transplantation of relapsed patients with AML. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2013;48(7):901–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Poon, LM, Bassett, R Jr, Rondon, G, et al. Outcomes of second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2013;48(5):666–70.Google Scholar
Spyridonidis, A, Labopin, M, Schmid, C, et al. Immunotherapy Subcommittee of Acute Leukemia Working Party. Outcomes and prognostic factors of adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. An analysis on behalf of the Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT. Leukemia. 2012;26(6):1211–7.Google Scholar
Hartwig, M, Ocheni, S, Asenova, S, et al. Second allogeneic stem cell transplantation in myeloid malignancies. Acta Haematol. 2009;122(4):185–92.Google Scholar
Shaw, BE, Mufti, GJ, Mackinnon, S, et al. Outcome of second allogeneic transplants using reduced-intensity conditioning following relapse of haematological malignancy after an initial allogeneic transplant. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2008;42(12):783–9.Google Scholar
Eapen, M, Giralt, SA, Horowitz, MM, et al. Second transplant for acute and chronic leukemia relapsing after first HLA-identical sibling transplant. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2004;34(8):721–7.Google Scholar
Chueh, HW, Lee, SH, Sung, KW, et al. Second allogeneic stem cell transplantation in hematologic malignancies: a single-center experience. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2013;35(6):424–9.Google Scholar
Sorror, ML. Comorbidities and hematopoietic cell transplantation outcomes. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2010;2010:237–47.Google Scholar
Artz, AS, Pollyea, DA, Kocherginsky, M, et al. Performance status and comorbidity predict transplant-related mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2006;12(9):954–64.Google Scholar
Kishi, K, Takahashi, S, Gondo, H, et al. Second allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for post-transplant leukemia relapse: results of a survey of 66 cases in 24 Japanese institutes. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997;19(5):461–6.Google Scholar
Hill, BT, Bolwell, BJ, Rybicki, L, et al. Nonmyeloablative second transplants are associated with lower nonrelapse mortality and superior survival than myeloablative second transplants. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2010;16(12):1738–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kedmi, M, Resnick, IB, Dray, L, et al. A retrospective review of the outcome after second or subsequent allogeneic transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2009;15(4):483–9.Google Scholar
Wagner, JE, Vogelsang, GB, Zehnbauer, BA, et al. Relapse of leukemia after bone marrow transplantation: effect of second myeloablative therapy. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1992;9(3):205–9.Google Scholar
Hurley, CK, Raffoux, C; World Marrow Donor Association. World Marrow Donor Association: international standards for unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donor registries. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2004;34(2):103–10.Google Scholar
Barrett, AJ, Locatelli, F, Treleaven, JG, et al. Second transplants for leukaemic relapse after bone marrow transplantation: high early mortality but favourable effect of chronic GVHD on continued remission. A report by the EBMT Leukaemia Working Party. Br J Haematol. 1991;79(4):567–74.Google Scholar
Al-Qurashi, F, Ayas, M, Al Sharif, F, et al. Second allogeneic bone marrow transplantation after myeloablative conditioning analysis of 43 cases from single institution. Hematology. 2004;9(2):123–9.Google Scholar
Storb, R, Gyurkocza, B, Storer, BE, et al. Graft-versus-host disease and graft-versus-tumor effects after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(12):1530–8Google Scholar
Bhatia, S, Francisco, L, Carter, A, et al. Late mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation and functional status of long-term survivors: report from the Bone Marrow Transplant Survivor Study. Blood. 2007;110(10):3784–92.Google Scholar
Bosi, A, Laszlo, D, Labopin, M, et al. Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Blood and Marrow Transplant Group. Second allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in acute leukemia: results of a survey by the European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19(16):3675–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, JA, Bowen, T, Brown, C, et al. Second allogeneic transplants for leukemia using blood instead of bone marrow as a source of hemopoietic cells. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1996;18(3):501–5.Google Scholar
Körbling, M, Huh, YO, Durett, A, et al. Allogeneic blood stem cell transplantation: peripheralization and yield of donor-derived primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD34+ Thy-1dim) and lymphoid subsets, and possible predictors of engraftment and graft-versus-host disease. Blood. 1995;86(7):2842–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stroncek, DF, Lopez, AM, Maharaj, D, et al. Acute toxicities of unrelated bone marrow versus peripheral blood stem cell donation: results of a prospective trial from the National Marrow Donor Program. Blood. 2013;121(1):197206.Google Scholar
Churpek, JE, Nickels, E, Marquez, R, et al. Identifying familial myelodysplastic/acute leukemia predisposition syndromes through hematopoietic stem cell transplantation donors with thrombocytopenia. Blood. 2012;120(26):5247–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Srinivasan, R, Takahashi, Y, McCoy, JP, et al. Overcoming graft rejection in heavily transfused and allo-immunised patients with bone marrow failure syndromes using fludarabine-based haematopoietic cell transplantation. Br J Haematol. 2006;133(3):305–14.Google Scholar
Champlin, RE, Horowitz, MM, van Bekkum, DW, et al. Graft failure following bone marrow transplantation for severe aplastic anemia: risk factors and treatment results. Blood. 1989;73(2):606–13.Google Scholar
Rondón, G, Saliba, RM, Khouri, I, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients who experienced graft failure post allogeneic progenitor cell transplantation. Results of a single institution analysis. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2008;14(8):859–66.Google Scholar
Schriber, J, Agovi, MA, Ho, V, et al. Second unrelated donor hematopoietic cell transplantation for primary graft failure. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2010;16(8):1099–106.Google Scholar
Fleischhauer, K, Locatelli, F, Zecca, M, et al. Graft rejection after unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for thalassemia is associated with nonpermissive HLA-DPB1 disparity in host-versus-graft direction. Blood. 2006;107(7):2984–92.Google Scholar
Young, JW, Papadopoulos, EB, Cunningham, I, et al. T-cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in adults with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in first remission. Blood. 1992;79(12):3380–7.Google Scholar
Anasetti, C, Amos, D, Beatty, PG, et al. Effect of HLA compatibility on engraftment of bone marrow transplants in patients with leukemia or lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 1989;320(4):197204.Google Scholar
Ruggeri, A, Labopin, M, Sormani, MP, et al. Engraftment kinetics and graft failure after single umbilical cord blood transplantation using myeloablative conditioning regimen. Haematologica. 2014;99:1509–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ciurea, SO, de Lima, M, Cano, P, et al. High risk of graft failure in patients with anti-HLA antibodies undergoing haploidentical stem-cell transplantation. Transplantation. 2009;88(8):1019–24.Google Scholar
Cutler, C, Kim, HT, Sun, L, et al. Donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies predict outcome in double umbilical cord blood transplantation. Blood. 2011;118(25):6691–7.Google Scholar
Laughlin, MJ, Eapen, M, Rubinstein, P, et al. Outcomes after transplantation of cord blood or bone marrow from unrelated donors in adults with leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(22):2265–75.Google Scholar
Lazarus, HM, Kan, F, Tarima, S, et al. Rapid transport and infusion of hematopoietic cells is associated with improved outcome after myeloablative therapy and unrelated donor transplant. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2009;15(5):589–96.Google Scholar
Lioznov, M, Dellbrügger, C, Sputtek, A, et al. Transportation and cryopreservation may impair haematopoietic stem cell function and engraftment of allogeneic PBSCs, but not BM. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2008;42(2):121–8.Google Scholar
Ramirez, P, Wagner, JE, DeFor, TE, et al. Factors predicting single-unit predominance after double umbilical cord blood transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2012;47(6):799803.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Storb, R, Epstein, RB, Rudolph, RH, Thomas, ED. The effect of prior transfusion on marrow grafts between histocompatible canine siblings. J Immunol. 1970;105(3):627–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Storb, R, Rudolph, RH, Graham, TC, Thomas, ED. The influence of transfusions from unrelated donors upon marrow grafts between histocompatible canine siblings. J Immunol. 1971;107(2):409–13.Google Scholar
Xu, H, Chilton, PM, Tanner, MK, et al. Humoral immunity is the dominant barrier for allogeneic bone marrow engraftment in sensitized recipients. Blood. 2006;108(10):3611–9.Google Scholar
Taylor, PA, Ehrhardt, MJ, Roforth, MM, et al. Preformed antibody, not primed T cells, is the initial and major barrier to bone marrow engraftment in allosensitized recipients. Blood. 2007;109(3):1307–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takanashi, M, Atsuta, Y, Fujiwara, K, et al. The impact of anti-HLA antibodies on unrelated cord blood transplantations. Blood. 2010;116(15):2839–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spellman, S, Bray, R, Rosen-Bronson, S, et al. The detection of donor-directed, HLA-specific alloantibodies in recipients of unrelated hematopoietic cell transplantation is predictive of graft failure. Blood. 2010;115(13):2704–8.Google Scholar
Ruggeri, A, Rocha, V, Masson, E, et al. Impact of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies on graft failure and survival after reduced intensity conditioning-unrelated cord blood transplantation: a Eurocord, Société Francophone d’Histocompatibilité et d’Immunogénétique (SFHI) and Société Française de Greffe de Moelle et de Thérapie Cellulaire (SFGM-TC) analysis. Haematologica. 2013;98(7):1154–60.Google Scholar
Storb, R. B-cells versus T cells as primary barrier to hematopoietic engraftment in allosensitized recipients. Blood. 2009;113(5):1205.Google Scholar
Brunstein, CG, Noreen, H, DeFor, TE, et al. Anti-HLA antibodies in double umbilical cord blood transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2011;17(11):1704–8.Google Scholar
Ferrà, C, Sanz, J, Díaz-Pérez, MA, et al. Outcome of graft failure after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: Study of 89 patients. Leuk Lymphoma. 2014;10:124.Google Scholar
Fuji, S, Nakamura, F, Hatanaka, K, et al. Peripheral blood as a preferable source of stem cells for salvage transplantation in patients with graft failure after cord blood transplantation: a retrospective analysis of the registry data of the Japanese Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2012;18(9):1407–14.Google Scholar
Waki, F, Masuoka, K, Fukuda, T, et al. Feasibility of reduced-intensity cord blood transplantation as salvage therapy for graft failure: results of a nationwide survey of adult patients. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2011;17(6):841–51.Google Scholar
Remberger, M, Mattsson, J, Olsson, R, Ringdén, O. Second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a treatment for graft failure. Clin Transplant. 2011;25(1):E68–76.Google Scholar
Byrne, BJ, Horwitz, M, Long, GD, et al. Outcomes of a second non-myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation following graft rejection. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2008;41(1):3943.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jabbour, E, Rondon, G, Anderlini, P, et al. Treatment of donor graft failure with nonmyeloablative conditioning of fludarabine, antithymocyte globulin and a second allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2007;40(5):431–5.Google Scholar
Chewning, JH, Castro-Malaspina, H, Jakubowski, A, et al. Fludarabine-based conditioning secures engraftment of second hematopoietic stem cell allografts (HSCT) in the treatment of initial graft failure. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2007;13(11):1313–23.Google Scholar
Remberger, M, Ringdén, O, Ljungman, P, Hägglund, H, et al. Booster marrow or blood cells for graft failure after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1998;22(1):73–8.Google Scholar
Appelbaum, FR, Nemunaitis, J, Singer, JW, et al. Use of recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor to speed engraftment and treat graft failure following marrow transplantation in man. Haematol Blood Transfus. 1990;33:736–40.Google Scholar
Nemunaitis, J, Singer, JW, Buckner, CD, et al. Use of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in graft failure after bone marrow transplantation. Blood. 1990;76(1):245–53.Google Scholar
Poon, LM, Di Stasi, A, Popat, U, et al. Romiplostim for delayed platelet recovery and secondary thrombocytopenia following allogeneic stem cell transplantation.Am J Blood Res. 2013;3(3):260–4.Google Scholar
Calmettes, C, Vigouroux, S, Tabrizi, R, Milpied, N. Romiplostim (AMG531, Nplate) for secondary failure of platelet recovery after allo-SCT. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2011;46(12):1587–9.Google Scholar
Díez-Martín, JL, Gómez-Pineda, A, Serrano, D, et al. Successful treatment of incipient graft rejection with donor leukocyte infusions, further proof of a graft versus host lymphohaemopoietic effect. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2004;33(10):1037–41.Google Scholar
Frugnoli, I, Cappelli, B, Chiesa, R, et al. Escalating doses of donor lymphocytes for incipient graft rejection following SCT for thalassemia. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2010;45(6):1047–51.Google Scholar
Mehta, J, Powles, R, Singhal, S, et al. Outcome of autologous rescue after failed engraftment of allogeneic marrow. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1996;17(2):213–7.Google Scholar
Pottinger, B, Walker, M, Campbell, M, et al. The storage and re-infusion of autologous blood and BM as back-up following failed primary hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation: a survey of European practice. Cytotherapy. 2002;4(2):127–35.Google Scholar
Stelljes, M, van Biezen, A, Slavin, S, et al. The harvest and use of autologous back-up grafts for graft failure or severe GvHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a survey of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2008;42(11):739–42.Google Scholar
Min, CK, Kim, DW, Lee, JW, et al. Additional stem cell therapy for graft failure after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Acta Haematol. 2000;104(4):185–92.Google Scholar
Larocca, A, Piaggio, G, Podestà, M, et al. Boost of CD34+-selected peripheral blood cells without further conditioning in patients with poor graft function following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Haematologica. 2006;91(7):935–40.Google Scholar
Guardiola, P, Kuentz, M, Garban, F, et al. Second early allogeneic stem cell transplantations for graft failure in acute leukaemia, chronic myeloid leukaemia and aplastic anaemia. French Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation. Br J Haematol. 2000;111(1):292302.Google Scholar
Mehta, J, Powles, R, Singhal, S, et al. Early identification of patients at risk of death due to infections, hemorrhage, or graft failure after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation on the basis of the leukocyte counts. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997;19(4):349–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
van Besien, K, Shore, T, Cushing, M. Peripheral-blood versus bone marrow stem cells. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(3):287–8.Google Scholar
Gergis, U, Mayer, S, Gordon, B, et al. A strategy to reduce donor-specific HLA Abs before allogeneic transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2014;49(5):722–4.Google Scholar
van Besien, K. Advances in umbilical cord blood transplant: an overview of the 12th International Cord Blood Symposium, San Francisco, 5–7 June 2014. Leuk Lymphoma. 2014;18:15.Google Scholar
Tachibana, T, Matsumoto, K, Tanaka, M et al. Outcome and prognostic factors among patients who underwent a second transplantation for disease relapse post the first allogeneic cell transplantation. Leuk Lymphoma.; in press.Google Scholar
Orti, G, Sanz, J, Bermudez, A, et al. Outcome of second allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation after relapse of myeloid malignancies following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a retrospective cohort on behalf of the Grupo Español de Trasplante Hematopoyetico. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2016;22(3):584–8.Google Scholar
Vrhovac, R, Labopin, M, Ciceri, F, et al. Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT). Second reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic transplant as a rescue strategy for acute leukaemia patients who relapse after an initial RIC allogeneic transplantation: analysis of risk factors and treatment outcomes. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2016;51(2):186–93.Google Scholar
Lund, TC, Liegel, J, Bejanyan, N, et al. Second allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for graft failure: poor outcomes for neutropenic graft failure. Am J Hematol. 2015;90(10): 892–6.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×