Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-45l2p Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T09:47:49.942Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

6 - Biological Techniques

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 December 2018

Jinjun Wang  and
Lihao Feng
Jinjun Wang
Affiliation:
Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Lihao Feng
Affiliation:
Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Get access

Summary

Biological flow control techniques are derived from nature. It is expected that we can learn from animals and plants to copy or mimic these features to improve the performance of man-made systems. The techniques that are specifically introduced here include hairy coating, leading-edge tubercles, riblet, and cactus-shape modification. Hairy coating can adapt to flow, and thus reduce the drag coefficient of bluff bodies while increasing the lift coefficient of airfoils. Leading-edge tubercles can induce a streamwise vortex from each protuberance to enhance momentum mixing for the separated flow. Surface riblets can reduce the momentum exchange properties of the streamwise vortices, leading to a friction drag reduction of up to 10%. The cactus-shape modification may decrease the size of the wake vortices and the strength of their interaction, thus reducing the lift fluctuation and vortex-induced vibration. It is indicated that biomimetic techniques are easy to mplement with high control effectiveness, and thus show great potential in engineering applications.
Type
Chapter
Information
Flow Control Techniques and Applications , pp. 108 - 140
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aftab, S. M. A., Razak, N. A., Rafie, A. S. M., and Ahmad, K. A. Mimicking the humpback whale: an aerodynamic perspective. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2016, 84: 48–69Google Scholar
Babu, P. and Mahesh, K. Aerodynamic loads on cactus-shaped cylinders at low Reynolds numbers. Physics of Fluids, 2008, 20(3): 035112CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bacher, E. V. and Smith, C. R. A combined visualization-anemometry study of the turbulent drag reducing mechanisms of triangular micro-groove surface modifications. AIAA Paper 1985–0548Google Scholar
Bechert, D. W., Bruse, M., and Hage., W., Van Der Hoeven, J. G. T., and Hoppe, G. Experiments on drag-reducing surfaces and their optimization with an adjustable geometry. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1997, 338: 59–87CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bechert, D. W., Hoppe, G., and Reif, W. E. On the drag reduction of the shark skin. AIAA Paper 1985–0546Google Scholar
Brücker, C. and Weidner, C. Influence of self-adaptive hairy flaps on the stall delay of an airfoil in ramp-up motion. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2014, 47: 31–40Google Scholar
Bushnell, D. M. and Moore, K. J. Drag reduction in nature. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 1991, 23(1): 65–79Google Scholar
Chen, H., Pan, C., and Wang, J. J. Effects of sinusoidal leading edge on delta wing performance and mechanism. Science China Technological Sciences, 2013, 56(3): 772–779Google Scholar
Chen, H. and Wang, J. J. Vortex structures for flow over a delta wing with sinusoidal leading edge. Experiments in Fluids, 2014, 55(6):1761Google Scholar
Choi, K. S. Near-wall structure of a turbulent boundary layer with riblets. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1989, 208: 417–458CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El-Makdah, A. M. and Oweis, G. F. The flow past a cactus-inspired grooved cylinder. Experiments in Fluids, 2013, 54(2):1464CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Favier, J., Dauptain, A., Basso, D., and Bottaro, A. Passive separation control using a self-adaptive hairy coating. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2009, 627: 451–483CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fish, F. E. and Battle, J. M. Hydrodynamic design of the humpback whale flipper. Journal of Morphology, 1995, 225(1): 51–60CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goruney, T. and Rockwell, D. Flow past a delta wing with a sinusoidal leading edge: near-surface topology and flow structure. Experiments in Fluids, 2009, 47(2): 321–331CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, K. L., Kelso, R. M., and Doolan, C. J. Reduction of flow induced tonal noise through leading edge tubercle modifications. AIAA Paper 2010–3700Google Scholar
Johari, H., Henoch, C. W., Custodio, D., and Levshin, A. Effects of leading-edge protuberances on airfoil performance. AIAA Journal, 2007, 45(11): 2634–2642Google Scholar
Lee, S. J. and Lee, S. H. Flow field analysis of a turbulent boundary layer over a riblet surface. Experiments in Fluids, 2001, 30(2): 153–166Google Scholar
Liu, Y. and Li, G. A new method for producing “Lotus Effect” on a biomimetic shark skin. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2012, 388(1): 235–242Google Scholar
Liu, Y. Z., Shi, L. L., and Yu, J. TR-PIV measurement of the wake behind a grooved cylinder at low Reynolds number. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2011, 27(3): 394–407Google Scholar
Martin, S. and Bharat, B. Fluid flow analysis of a shark-inspired microstructure. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2014, 756: 5–29Google Scholar
Miklosovic, D. S., Murray, M. M., Howle, L. E., and Fish, F. E. Leading-edge tubercles delay stall on humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) flippers. Physics of Fluids, 2004, 16(5): 39–42Google Scholar
Miklosovic, D. S., Murray, M. M., and Howle, L. E. Experimental evaluation of sinusoidal leading edges. Journal of Aircraft, 2007, 44(4): 1404–1408CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niu, J. and Hu, D. L. Drag reduction of a hairy disk. Physics of Fluids, 2011, 23(10): 101701CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nugroho, B., Hutchins, N., and Monty, J. P. Large-scale spanwise periodicity in a turbulent boundary layer induced by highly ordered and directional surface roughness, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 2013, 41: 90–102Google Scholar
Ozen, C. A. and Rockwell, D. Control of vortical structures on a flapping wing via a sinusoidal leading-edge. Physics of Fluids, 2010, 22(2): 021701CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pedro, H. T. C. and Kobayashi, M. H. Numerical study of stall delay on humpback whale flippers. AIAA Paper 2008–0584Google Scholar
Talley, S., Iaccarino, G., Mungal, G., and Mansour, N. An experimental and computational investigation of flow past cacti. Annual Research Briefs. Center for Turbulence Research, NASA Ames/Stanford University, 2001: 51–63Google Scholar
Talley, S. and Mungal, G. Flow around cactus-shaped cylinders. Annual Research Briefs. Center for Turbulence Research, NASA Ames/Stanford University, 2002: 363–376Google Scholar
Venkataraman., D., Bottaro, A., and Govindarajan, R. A minimal model for flow control on an aerofoil using a poro-elastic coating. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2014, 47: 150–164Google Scholar
Venkataraman, D. and Bottaro, A. Numerical modeling of flow control on a symmetric aerofoil via a porous, compliant coating. Physics of Fluids, 2012, 24(9): 093601Google Scholar
Viswanath, P. R. Aircraft viscous drag reduction using riblets. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 2002, 38(6–7): 571–600CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, J. J., Lan, S. L., and Chen, G. Experimental study on the turbulent boundary layer flow over riblets surface. Fluid Dynamics Research, 2000, 27(4): 217–229Google Scholar
Yamagishi, Y. and Oki, M. Numerical simulation of flow around a circular cylinder with curved sectional grooves. Journal of Visualization, 2007, 10(2): 179–186CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yoon, H. S., Hung, P. A., Jung, J. H., and Kim, M. C. Effect of the wavy leading edge on hydrodynamic characteristics for flow around low aspect ratio wing. Computers & Fluids, 2011, 49(1): 276–289Google Scholar
Zhang, X. W., Zhou, C. Y., Zhang, T., and Ji, W. Y. Numerical study on effect of leading-edge tubercles. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, 2013, 85(4): 247–257Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×