Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-dfsvx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T12:23:07.653Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

1 - War and peace in the Taï chimpanzee forest: running a long-term chimpanzee research project

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 November 2019

Christophe Boesch
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institut für Evolutionäre Anthropologie, Germany
Roman Wittig
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institut für Evolutionäre Anthropologie, Germany
Catherine Crockford
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institut für Evolutionäre Anthropologie, Germany
Linda Vigilant
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institut für Evolutionäre Anthropologie, Germany
Tobias Deschner
Affiliation:
Max-Planck-Institut für Evolutionäre Anthropologie, Germany
Fabian Leendertz
Affiliation:
Robert Koch-Institut, Germany
Get access

Summary

The Taï Chimpanzee Project (TCP) was initiated in 1979 to obtain data on rainforest-living chimpanzees, as only chimpanzees in the woodland savanna of Gombe and Mahale National Park were known. Introducing ecology into the discussion on chimpanzee behavioural diversity, we identified human poaching and leopard hunting as important ecological pressures. Over 40 years, the TCP overcame two civil wars, recurrent poaching and the dramatic impact of Ebola, anthrax and respiratory diseases. The project habituated three neighbouring chimpanzee communities, integrating many local students and assistants to ensure continuity of data collection and the security of chimpanzees, even in times of extreme political instability. Taï National Park has become an island within a huge cocoa and coffee plantation, which the chimpanzees and the TCP survived thanks to the extreme dedication of local and international project members, a project-specific law enforcement programme, a complete health monitoring programme, and the support of local human populations. Taï chimpanzees have become famous for their nut-cracking behaviour, high level of cooperative hunting and extensive cultural diversity.

Type
Chapter
Information
The Chimpanzees of the Taï Forest
40 Years of Research
, pp. 1 - 27
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Boesch, C. (1991). The effect of leopard predation on grouping patterns in forest chimpanzees. Behaviour, 117(34), 220242.Google Scholar
Boesch, C. (2003). Is culture a golden barrier between human and chimpanzee? Evolutionary Anthropology, 12, 2632.Google Scholar
Boesch, C. (2008). Why do chimpanzees die in the forest? The challenges of understanding and controlling for wild ape health. American Journal of Primatology, 70, 722726.Google Scholar
Boesch, C. & Boesch, H. (1981). Sex differences in the use of natural hammers by wild chimpanzees: A preliminary report. Journal of Human Evolution, 10, 585593.Google Scholar
Boesch, C. & Boesch, H. (1984). Possible causes of sex differences in the use of natural hammers by wild chimpanzees. Journal of Human Evolution, 13, 415440.Google Scholar
Boesch, C. & Boesch, H. (1989). Hunting behavior of wild chimpanzees in the Taï National Park. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 78, 547573.Google Scholar
Boesch, C. & Boesch-Achermann, H. (2000). The Chimpanzees of the Taï Forest: Behavioural Ecology and Evolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Boesch, C., Marchesi, P., Marchesi, N., Fruth, B. & Joulian, F. (1994). Is nut cracking in wild chimpanzees a cultural behaviour? Journal of Human Evolution, 26, 325338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahlberg, F. (1981). Woman The Gatherer. Yale: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Fahy, G., Richards, M., Riedel, J., Hublin, J-J. & Boesch, C. (2013). Stable isotope evidence of meat eating and hunting specialization in adult male chimpanzees. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(15), 58295833.Google Scholar
Formenty, P., Boesch, C., Wyers, M., Steiner, C., Donati, F., Dind, F., et al. (1999). Ebola outbreak in wild chimpanzees living in a rainforest of Côte d’Ivoire. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 179(Suppl. 1), 120126.Google Scholar
Gomes, C. & Boesch, C. (2011). Reciprocity and trades in wild West African chimpanzees. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 65, 21832196.Google Scholar
Hoffmann, C., Zimmermann, F., Biek, R., Kuehl, H., Nowak, K., Mundry, R., et al. (2017). Persistent anthrax as a major driver of wildlife mortality in a tropical rainforest. Nature, 548, 8289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Janmaat, K., Boesch, C., Byrne, R., Chapman, C., Gone Bi, Z., Head, J., et al. (2016). Spatio-temporal complexity of chimpanzee food: How cognitive adaptations can counteract the ephemeral nature of ripe fruit. American Journal of Primatology, 78, 626645.Google Scholar
Jenny, D. & Zuberbühler, K. (2005). Hunting behaviour in West African forest leopards. African Journal of Ecology, 43(3), 197200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kablan, Y., Diarrassouba, A., Mundry, R., Campbell, G., Normand, E., Kuehl, H., et al. (2019). Effects of anti-poaching patrols on the distribution of large mammals in Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire. Oryx, 53, 469478.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klee, S., Ozel, M., Appel, B., Boesch, C., Ellerbrok, H., Jacob, D., et al. (2006). Characterization of Bacillus anthracis-like bacteria isolated from wild great apes from Côte d’Ivoire and Cameroon. Journal of Bacteriology, 188, 53335344.Google Scholar
Köndgen, S., Kühl, H., N’Goran, P., Walsh, P., Schenk, S., Ernst, N., et al. (2008). Pandemic human viruses cause decline of endangered great apes. Current Biology, 18, 260264.Google Scholar
Köndgen, S., Schenk, S., Pauli, G., Boesch, C. & Leendertz, F. (2010). Noninvasive monitoring of respiratory viruses in wild chimpanzees. EcoHealth, 7, 332341.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lazenby, R. Skinner, M., Hublin, J-J. & Boesch, C. (2011). Metacarpal trabecular architecture variation in the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes): Evidence for locomotion and tool-use? American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 144(2), 215225.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leendertz, F., Ellerbock, H., Boesch, C., Couacy-Hymann, E., Mätz-Rensing, K., Hakenback, R., et al. (2004). Anthrax kills wild chimpanzees in a tropical rainforest. Nature, 430, 451452.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Guenno, B., Formenty, P., Wyers, M., Gounon, P., Walker, F. & Boesch, C. (1995). Isolation and partial characterisation of a new strain of Ebola virus. Lancet, 345, 12711274.Google Scholar
Lehmann, J. & Boesch, C. (2003). Social influences on ranging patterns among chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in the Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire. Behavioural Ecology, 14(5), 642649.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lehmann, J. & Boesch, C. (2005). Bisexually-bonded ranging in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 57, 525535.Google Scholar
Surbeck, M. Boesch, C., Girard-Buttoz, C., Crockford, C., Hohman, G. & Wittig, R. (2017). Comparison of male conflict behavior in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus) with specific regard to coalition and post-conflict behavior. American Journal of Primatology, 79(6), e22641.Google Scholar
Tanner, N. M. & Zihlmann, A. (1976). Women in evolution. I. Innovation and selection in human origins. Signs: Journal of Women, Culture, and Society, 1, 585608.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×