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The poetry of Edward Thomas (1878–1917) was all written during the First World War, but that war is frequently absent. He is an unusual war poet: an ‘Arts and Crafts’ war poet; a war poet who is focused on home but nonetheless committed to action and engagement with the world; a modern poet at home in the old wars and with the old tunes; a war poet of peacefulness. Thomas’s poetry addresses the war in its own way, directly and indirectly, with its own inclusive, hesitant, honest voice. We can see the uniqueness of his approach by looking at poems like ‘Adlestrop’, ‘The Manor Farm’, ‘The Combe’, ‘As the Team’s Head-Brass’, ‘The Owl’, ‘A Private’, ‘Digging’ and ‘Tears’. Thomas said of war poetry that ‘No other class of poetry vanishes so rapidly, has so little chosen from it for posterity’, but his own survived, and not simply because it contained very little of the war.
Material culture studies have long incorporated analysis of domestic environments and dynamics of home in shaping culture, rituals of power, and more. This chapter examines the centrality of home, domestic environments, and communal living experiments to understanding people.
James Baldwin’s autobiographical essay “Equal in Paris” is a perceptive and often amusing account of the American writer’s first visit to Paris. An aspiring novelist who left America in rage over his experience of the country’s injustice and contempt toward Black Americans, Baldwin is acutely aware of racial prejudice in majority white societies. He tells of his experience of staying in a dilapidated hotel, of being wrongly accused of theft and then imprisoned in a Paris jail for more than a week over Christmas. Baldwin’s astute observations of Parisian life and its institutions, show how as a Black American, he struggles to understand this new cultural environment which like most Western societies, has its own form of racism. But this is also a story of an artist’s search for a new intellectual home where he can breathe freely and write. His new friendships with other artists and observations about cosmopolitan European life, allow him to assess what it means to be an American in Paris. This includes exploring those social attitudes that divide America and Europe and those that are universal.
Community stroke rehabilitation teams (CSRT) provide an individualized home-based rehabilitation service to patients recovering from stroke.
Objective:
To examine whether there is an improvement in the social participation of patients who received a rehabilitation program provided by CSRT. The secondary objectives were to show if there is an improvement in the patients’ quality of life and a reduction in the caregiver burden.
Methods:
Retrospective cohort study, pragmatic in real-care conditions. The rehabilitation program delivered by the CSRT was adapted to the needs of the patients and caregivers. The outcome questionnaires included: the Frenchay Activity Index (FAI), the Minizarit, the EuroQol EQ5D, and the Barthel Index. The primary outcome measure was the FAI.
Results:
We included 206 patients followed by the CSRT over the 2018–2020 study period, for whom the primary endpoint was present. The mean age was 66.3 ± 12.7 years, the post-stroke delay was 16.4 ± 32.7 months, and the Barthel index was 66.42 ± 12.6. The duration of the rehabilitation program was on average 162 ± 109 days. We observed a significant improvement in the FAI, from 12.9 ± 10.4 to 17.85 ± 12.4 (p < 0.00001); in the EuroQol, from 57.51 ± 19.96 to 66.36 ± 18.87 (p < 0.00001); in the mini-Zarit, from 2.49 ± 1.75 to 2.06 ± 1.67 (p = 0.0002); and in the Barthel index, from 66.42 ± 12.67 to 84.81 ± 23.70 (p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Patients who received a rehabilitation program by the CSRT have an improvement in their social participation, and their informal caregivers have a reduction in their burden.
Television is an innately Gothic medium, bringing immaterial figures and stories of the horrors of the past and present into the family home. Across the development of television it has engaged with the Gothic in style, technologies and narratives, embracing the medium’s potential to suggest horror, while occasionally daring to embrace the graphic with developments in effects and visual clarity. In this way the Gothic aspects of television have engaged multiple audiences in different ways. Current television particularly presents a gothicisation of history, informing viewers of the traumas of the past through factual and fictional programming, from Who Do You Think You Are? to Peaky Blinders. As this chapter argues, we can therefore find the Gothic not just in the expected places, but throughout the medium of television.
This chapter examines the dynamics of the notion of peregrinatio in Augustine’s thought, with particular attention given to its use in the Enarrationes in Psalmos. It uses Derrida’s reflections on metaphor to explore the rich regression of images in peregrinatio. Augustine uses the concept, literally denoting the status of a resident alien, to express the affective dynamics of a Christian living away from their home in the heavenly Jerusalem: their sense of misalignment in the world, but also their sense of joy in the very transience of their existence. For no one can be a peregrinus without having a home from which he has traveled, and to which he looks forward to returning. Derrida’s phrase the “destinerrancy of desire” perfectly captures this Augustinian notion.
The prevalence and pattern of emotional abuse of children in Nigeria is poorly understood. Data from other parts of the world indicate it is commoplace and has enduring negative mental health impact. The current study aims to understand the phenomenon the more.
Objectives
To determine the prevalence and pattern of emotional abuse of children in their homes in Nigeria
Methods
Cross sectional survey of 1, 5444 secondary school students aged 11-18 years in Ilorin Nigeria using multistage random sampling technique with proportional allocation was done. Respondents completed the ICAST-CH questionnaire which covers child abuse in its several forms including emotional abuse. Prevalence of emotional abuse was computed.
Results
All respondents (100%) had experienced emotional abuse at home in the last one year Table 1: Prevalnce annd pattern of emotional abuse at home among children in Ilorin Nigeria
Emotional Abuse* (n=1554)
Frequency
Percentage
Threatened to hurt or kill you or threatened with evil spirits
1554
100
Screamed at
1528
98.3
Bullied by another child at home
1218
78.4
Insulted
1122
72.2
Made you feel embarrassed
574
36.9
Wished you were dead
224
14.4
Locked out of home
196
12.6
Threatened to abandon you
95
6.1
Conclusions
Emotional abuse of children at home is common place in Ilorin Nigeria. It would seem important to educate parents on what emotional abuse is and its potential impact in children.
There is a paucity of information on the exposure of children to violence in Nigeria. The current study aims, as part of a larger study, to explore the experiece of children to violence in their homes in Nigeria.
Objectives
To determine the prevalence and pattern of violence exposure of children in Ilorin Nigeria.
Methods
Cross sectional survey of 1,554 secondary school students aged 11-18 years in Ilorin Nigeria using multistage random sampling technique with proportional allocation was done. Respondents completed the ICAST-CH questionnaire which covers childrens’ exposue to violence. Prevalence of violence exposure was computed.
Results
63.4% (994/1554) of respondesnts had witnessed violence at home. Table 1: Pattern of violence exposure at home in the last 12 months Form Frequency Percentage*
Violence Exposure* (n=994)
Something stolen from home
532
53.5
Adults shouted in a frightening way
392
39.4
Witnessed adults in home hit, kick, slap
378
38.0
Seen people being shot, bombs, rioting
210
21.1
Adults used alcohol then frightened
82
8.2
Someone close got killed near home
56
5.6
Witnessed adults in home use weapons
10
1.0
Conclusions
A good number of children in Nigeria might be exposed to violence. There is thus a need for initiative to strengthen family life and control the exposure of children to violence given its potential to cause long standing mental health problems in victims.
Child abuse has deleterious consequences on its victims. Its occurrence is poorly documented in Nigeria.
Objectives
To determine prevalence and pattern of physical abuse at home among children in Ilorin Nigeria.
Methods
Cross sectional survey of secondary school students aged 11-18 years in Ilorin Nigeria using multistage random sampling technique with proportional allocation was done. Respondents completed the ICAST-CH questionnaire which covers child abuse in its several forms. Prevalence of child abuse was computed.
Results
Table1: Pattern of physical abuse at home in the last 12 months
Form of abuse
Frequency
Percentage
Physical Abuse* (n=1554) Hold heavy load as punishment/positional fixity)
1492
96.0
Hit with object
1473
94.8
Hit, beat, spanked with hand
1203
77.4
Pushed, grabbed, kicked
850
54.7
Pulled hair, pinched, twisted ear
631
40.6
Locked in small place
182
11.7
Burned or scalded
85
5.5
Tried to choke, smother, or drown
81
5.2
Threatened with knife or gun
30
1.9
Conclusions
Conclusion Physical abuse of children is extremely common in Ilorin Nigeria. There are no specific demographic determinants of occurrence; hence every growing child is at risk. The prevailing cultural norms and state laws appear to be chief drivers of this phenomenon. The current findings expand the available pool of knowledge about CPA in Nigeria and calls for more research. It also supports existing calls for the abolition of corporal punishment of children.
The sexual abuse of children is well documented in literature. Data on it from Nigeria is rather sparse. The current study examines the prevalence and pattern of sexual abuse with a view to increasing our understanding of it.
Objectives
To determine the prevalence and pattern of sexual abuse of children at home in Ilorin Nigeria.
Methods
A cross sectional survey of secondary school students aged 11-18 years in Ilorin Nigeria using multistage random sampling technique with proportional allocation was done. Respondents completed the ICAST-CH questionnaire which covers child abuse in its several forms including sexual abuse. Prevalence of sexual abuse was computed.
Results
Over a third (586) of participants experienced some form of sexual abuse in the last year. Table 1: prevalence and pattern of sexual abuse at home
Sexual Abuse* (n=586)
Frequency
Percentage
Talked to you in a sexual way
420
71.7
Touched private parts
333
56.8
Showed pornography
149
25.4
Made you look at private parts
136
23.2
Tried to have sex with you (unwilling)
61
10.4
Made a sex video of you
-
-
Conclusions
Sexual abuse of children occurs commonly in Ilorin Nigeria. There is a need for further research towards understnding it determinants towards strengthening systems of safeguarding children against it.
Living under the Israeli occupation continues to affect all aspects of Palestinians’ everyday lives. This chapter considers the testimonies of Palestinians who were displaced after their homes were damaged during the urbicidal 2002 Israeli Ejtiyah on the old town of Nablus. This analysis is to assess the fundamental role of a sense of place, and the significance of its multiscalar nature, in gaining stability through rebuilding of damaged homes. The Palestinians experience home as a place where sense of place is lived and interpreted in multiscalar forms of spatial justice that relate to everyday life, community and socially constructed meaning, a state of mind, and as they relate to nostalgic memories and fear of displacement. Urban violence not only ruptures the spatial incubator of the Palestinians’ sense of place but also demonstrates the ways in which the colonial power dominance is controlling their homeland in general, and the very place where they intimately nurture it at home. In this context, Palestinians’ relationship with home and sense of place is considered a form of moqawameh (resistance) and sumoud (steadfastness) against the Israeli colonial strategies.
This article reflects on the contribution of qualitative longitudinal research (QLR) to understandings of homeless peoples’ experiences of support service interventions in an era of austerity in the UK. It brings into ‘analytic conversation’ data from qualitative longitudinal evaluations of homeless support projects operated by voluntary sector organisations in Scotland. With fieldwork spanning 2014-2019, the analysis expands the analytical potential of pooling small-scale studies through an interrogation of individuals’ ‘journeys’ through homelessness services and their rough path to ‘home’. By reflecting on our substantive findings, the article explores the added value and challenges of a longitudinal approach. It concludes that while QLR can deliver deep insight into lives lived by vulnerable populations and potentially reduce the distance between policy makers and those affected, its benefits must be balanced against pragmatism and the ethical responsibilities associated with the method.
The overall aim of this grounded theory study was to explore the context of a nursing home as ‘home’ from the perspective of residents and staff. Sixteen focus group interviews were used to collect qualitative data from nursing home residents (N = 48) and staff (N = 44). Five distinct categories captured the views and experiences of participating residents and staff. These were: (a) Starting off on the right foot, ‘First impressions can be the lasting ones; (b) Making new and maintaining existing connections, ‘There is great unity between staff and residents’; (c) The nursing home as home, ‘It's a bit like home from home for me’; (d) Intuitive knowing, ‘I don't even have to speak, she just knows’; and (e) Feeling at home in a regulated environment, ‘It takes the home away from nursing home’. Together these five categories formed the basis of the core category ‘Knowing me, knowing you’, which captures the experiences of participants who repeatedly highlighted the importance of relationships and feelings of mutuality and respect between and among staff and residents as central to feeling at home in a nursing home. The reciprocity and mutuality associated with the core category, ‘Knowing me, knowing you’, was at times challenged by staff shortages, time constraints, and conflicting priorities associated with the co-existence of a regulated and homely environment.
When Seamus Heaney passed away in 2013, there was a remarkable public mourning in Ireland, which merged into a series of reflections on what had been lost. Shortly after, a national poll voted 'Clearances 3' from The Haw Lantern ('When the others were away at Mass') as Ireland’s favourite poem of all time. This chapter looks at some of the ways in which the mourning for Seamus Heaney as a person built upon a series of reflections on loss that had been developing in his poetry since the time of The Haw Lantern. Drawing on manuscript sources, the chapter concludes by focusing on the images of homelessness in Heaney’s poetry that form a counterpoint to the more obvious images of the 'den life' of his childhood home, suggesting that it is possible to see much of his later work as a sustained meditation on homelessness as a condition of being.
Critical responses to the home frequently imagined by nineteenth- and twentieth-century feminist writing suggest that the domestic is too compromised for a twenty-first-century feminist imaginary. Contemporary feminist dialogues are increasingly alert to the politics of the domestic and its resistance to transformational politics. Yet feminist writing has not relinquished the domestic as a site or language for imagining feminist possibility and practice. If anything, we have seen a proliferation of feminist writing interested in the domestic since the beginning of the twenty-first century. This chapter turns to three literary novels spanning the century so far: Zadie Smith’s On Beauty (2005),Deborah Levy’s Swimming Home (2011), and Miranda July’s First Bad Man(2015). In each novel, the home as literary institution, holiday villa, and single-woman’s house offers a focal point for questions about feminist imagining that gives shape to specific textual strategies, suggesting that if twenty-first-century feminism cannot relinquish the domestic, we must learn to dwell in its compromised politics.
Building on the extensive literature related to postcolonialism and magical realism, this chapter examines how diaspora writing and magical realism are related. It focuses on alienation, the uncanny and mobility, among other elements, demonstrating that these are elements that unite and are common to both modes of writing. It argues that the case of Arab diaspora writing is particularly and uniquely suited to exploring how these modes are related. A close examination of two novels, The Night Counter by Alia Yunis and The Hakawati by Rabih Alameddine, illustrates how various forms of place, a central and key dimension of diaspora fiction, are refashioned and complicated through these novels’ engagement with and use of magical realism.
Mawazo Nakadhilu is a former refugee born to a Namibian father and a Tanzanian mother near Kongwa, Tanzania, in 1972. Her biography illuminates how people have made homes in Southern African exile and post-exile contexts. Williams traces Mawazo’s story from her Tanzanian childhood through her forced removal to SWAPO’s Nyango camp to her “repatriation” to Namibia. In so doing, he highlights tensions that have not previously been addressed between exiled liberation movements and their members over family situations. Moreover, he stresses the value of biographical work focused on aspects of refugees’ lives that tend to be overlooked in nationalist discourse.
This chapter considers ownership of the family home which is often the most significant asset owned by the parties. Where a couple are not married or in a civil partnership ownership has to be determined through principles of land law and trusts. There are two approaches either a resulting trust or a constructive trust and both are considered in detail although the resulting trust is used far less frequently today in relation to the family home. The resulting trust is based on contributions to the purchase price whereas the constructive trust is based on intention of the parties which can either be implied or express. Where property is owned jointly the court presumes equal ownership of the beneficial interest but this can be rebutted. There is far more flexibility with a constructive trust both in finding intention and also in quantification of the shares but the outcome of cases is far more uncertain particularly where the courts impute the intentions of the parties as to the size of the shares. Rights in the family home can also arise under proprietary estoppel.
The number of transnational corporations (TNCs) – including parent companies and subsidiaries – has exploded over the last forty years. In 1970, there were approximately 7,000 TNCs in the world; today, there are more than 100,000 with over 900,000 foreign affiliates.1 TNCs are now so complex and amorphous in their structure – even compared to ten years ago – that it is difficult for even the most sophisticated legal systems to adequately hold TNCs accountable for the harms they create in countries where they operate, even as the TNCs make enormous profits at the expense of often vulnerable communities. The truth is, certain legal doctrines, often devised nearly a century ago or longer, are too outdated to sufficiently assure that TNCs are held accountable for harms they create in today’s world, where TNCs operate globally, and often have structures that transcend a single country or jurisdiction.
This chapter highlights the impact of the war on women’s private everyday lives and explores how the wartime state increasingly reached into the home. It demonstrates how previously personal issues became political as women were urged to express their patriotism through their careful household management and by maintaining model homes and families for their absent husbands. The chapter also assesses the impact of the war on the standard of living of women in Ireland, interrogating previous interpretations of wartime prosperity and contrasting the urban and rural experiences. It explores the impact of the war on maternal and infant health, and the consequences of the 1918–19 influenza pandemic for women in Ireland. The chapter argues that the war resulted in much greater intervention of the state in women’s everyday and personal lives and brought significant hardship to many women. Far more women became reliant on governmental welfare through separation allowances, pensions and initiatives under the Prince of Wales National Relief Fund. Memoirs, diaries and letters are used to explore the experience of separated couples during the war and how women coped with the emotional hardship of the soldiers’ war service.