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3 - Bayesian Hierarchical Models for Inference in Microarray Data

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2009

Kim-Anh Do
Affiliation:
University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center
Peter Müller
Affiliation:
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich
Marina Vannucci
Affiliation:
Rice University, Houston
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Summary

Abstract

We review Bayesian hierarchical models for inference in microarray data. The chapter consists of two main parts that deal with use of Bayesian hierarchical models at different levels of analysis encountered in the context of microarrays. The first part reviews a Bayesian hierarchical model for the estimation of gene expression levels from Affymetrix GeneChip data, and for inference on differential expression. In the second part, an integrated model that incorporates expression-dependent normalization within an ANOVA model of differential expression is reviewed and compared to a model where normalization is preprocessed. The chapter concludes by discussing how predictive Bayesian model checking can be usefully included within the model inference.

Introduction

Background

Microarrays are one of the new technologies that have developed in line with genome sequencing and developments in miniaturization and robotics. The technology exploits the fact that single-stranded RNA (or DNA) molecules have a high affinity to form double-stranded structures. Pairing is specific and complementary strands have particularly high affinity for binding. On microarrays gene-specific sequences are attached in tiny specified locations. By hybridizing a cell sample of fragmented, fluorescently labeled RNA (or DNA) to the array and measuring the fluorescence at the defined locations, one can obtain measures of the amount of the different RNA or DNA transcripts present in the sample hybridized.

Arrays generally contain thousands of spots (or probes) at each of which a particular gene or sequence is represented. In effect, a microarray experiment thus represents data comparable to that obtained by performing tens of thousands of experiments of a similar type in parallel.

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Chapter
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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2006

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