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Chapter 21 - Neurotransmitter Disorders: Disorders of Dopamine Metabolism and Movement Disorders

from Section II - A Metabolism-Based Approach to Movement Disorders and Inherited Metabolic Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 September 2020

By
Thomas Opladen  and
Heiko Brennenstuhl
Edited by
Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari  and
Phillip L. Pearl
Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari
Affiliation:
Harvard Medical School
Phillip L. Pearl
Affiliation:
Harvard Medical School
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Summary

Muscular tone and movements are highly dependent on the communication of neurons and muscle cells. This complex process is achieved by neurotransmitters, chemical substances synthesized and stored in presynaptic neurons, which are released into the synaptic cleft upon specific stimuli. Neurotransmitters can traverse the synaptic cleft and bind to highly specific receptors on the postsynaptic membrane. This process causes an electric response in the form of depolarization and triggers further complex intracellular signaling.

Type
Chapter
Information
Movement Disorders and Inherited Metabolic Disorders
Recognition, Understanding, Improving Outcomes
 , pp. 278 - 289
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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