Book contents
- The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology
- Cambridge Handbooks in Psychology
- The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Preface
- General Introduction
- Part I Foundational Issues: History and Approaches to Personality
- Part II Description and Measurement: How Personality Is Studied
- Part III Development, Health and Change: Life Span and Health Outcomes
- Part IV Biological Perspectives: Evolution, Genetics and Neuroscience of Personality
- Part V Cognitive and Motivational Perspectives: Dynamic Processes of Personality
- 21 Cognitive Processes and Models
- 22 Self-Regulation and Control in Personality Functioning
- 23 Basic Needs, Goals and Motivation
- 24 Personality and the Self
- 25 Traits and Dynamic Processes
- 26 Anxiety, Depression and Cognitive Dysfunction
- Part VI Social and Cultural Processes: Personality at the Intersection of Society
- Part VII Applications of Personality Psychology: Personality Traits and Processes in Action
- Addendum: Statistical Analyses and Computer Programming in Personality
- Index
- References
23 - Basic Needs, Goals and Motivation
from Part V - Cognitive and Motivational Perspectives: Dynamic Processes of Personality
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 18 September 2020
Book contents
- The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology
- Cambridge Handbooks in Psychology
- The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Preface
- General Introduction
- Part I Foundational Issues: History and Approaches to Personality
- Part II Description and Measurement: How Personality Is Studied
- Part III Development, Health and Change: Life Span and Health Outcomes
- Part IV Biological Perspectives: Evolution, Genetics and Neuroscience of Personality
- Part V Cognitive and Motivational Perspectives: Dynamic Processes of Personality
- 21 Cognitive Processes and Models
- 22 Self-Regulation and Control in Personality Functioning
- 23 Basic Needs, Goals and Motivation
- 24 Personality and the Self
- 25 Traits and Dynamic Processes
- 26 Anxiety, Depression and Cognitive Dysfunction
- Part VI Social and Cultural Processes: Personality at the Intersection of Society
- Part VII Applications of Personality Psychology: Personality Traits and Processes in Action
- Addendum: Statistical Analyses and Computer Programming in Personality
- Index
- References
Summary
A psychological need is a condition of an organism that must be attained or maintained in order to preserve wellbeing and adaptive psychological functioning. Psychological needs are proactive, in that they promote engagement with the environment to satisfy the needs (Reeve, 2015). Recently, Dweck (2017) proposed two criteria for a “basic” need: (1) The goals that serve to satisfy the needs are high in value and universal in scope; and (2) successful attainment of goals related to a need is important for both immediate and long-term wellbeing. In addition, she identified needs as “basic” only if they are irreducible to other needs, and if they are present at or very soon after birth. Derivative needs develop over the span of early childhood. One problem with this conception is that it is very difficult to clearly establish that a need is “irreducible,” or that it is present at the beginning of life, i.e., that it is not a product of development via person–environment transaction (Lazarus, 1991; Matthews, 2001).
- Type
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- Information
- The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology , pp. 330 - 338Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2020
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