No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Not feeling right about uncertainty monitoring
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 18 July 2023
Abstract
De Neys proposed a “switch” model to address what he argued to be lacuna in dual-process theory, in which he theorized about the processes that initiate and terminate analytic thinking. We will argue that the author neglected to acknowledge the abundant literature on metacognitive functions, specifically, the meta-reasoning framework developed by Ackerman and Thompson (2017), that addresses just those questions.
- Type
- Open Peer Commentary
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press
References
Ackerman, R. (2014). The diminishing criterion model for metacognitive regulation of time investment. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143(3), 1349–1368. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035098CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ackerman, R. (2019). Heuristic cues for meta-reasoning judgments: Review and methodology. Psihologijske Teme, 28(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.28.1.1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ackerman, R., & Thompson, V. A. (2017). Meta-reasoning: Monitoring and control of thinking and reasoning. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 21(8), 607–617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2017.05.004CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Evans, J. St. B. T. (2019). Reflections on reflection: The nature and function of type 2 processes in dual-process theories of reasoning. Thinking & Reasoning, 25(4), 383–415. https://doi.org/10.1080/13546783.2019.1623071CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, J. St. B. T., & Stanovich, K. E. (2013). Dual-process theories of higher cognition: Advancing the debate. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(3), 223–241. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691612460685CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fernandez Cruz, A. L., Arango-Muñoz, S., & Volz, K. G. (2016). Oops, scratch that! Monitoring one's own errors during mental calculation. Cognition, 146, 110–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2015.09.00CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jost, J. T., Kruglanski, A. W., & Nelson, T. O. (1998). Social metacognition: An expansionist review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2(2), 137–154. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0202_6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Klein, G., Calderwood, R., & Clinton-Cirocco, A. (2010). Rapid decision making on the fire ground: The original study plus a postscript. Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 4(3), 186–209. https://doi.org/10.1518/155534310X12844000801203CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koriat, A. (2007). Metacognition and consciousness. In Zelazo, P. D., Moscovitch, M., & Thompson, E. (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of consciousness (pp. 289–325). Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Newman, I. R., Gibb, M., & Thompson, V. A. (2017). Rule-based reasoning is fast and belief-based reasoning can be slow: Challenging current explanations of belief-bias and base-rate neglect. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43(7), 1154–1170. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000372Google ScholarPubMed
Stanovich, K. E. (2018). Miserliness in human cognition: The interaction of detection, override and mindware. Thinking & Reasoning, 24(4), 423–444. https://doi.org/10.1080/13546783.2018.1459314CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, V. A. (2009). Dual-process theories: A metacognitive perspective. In Evans, J. S. B. T. & Frankish, K. (Eds.), In two minds: Dual processes and beyond (pp. 171–195). Oxford University Press.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199230167.003.0008CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, V. A. (2011). Normativism versus mechanism. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 34(5), 272–273. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X11000574CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, V. A. (2017). Certainty and action. In Galbraith, N., Lucas, E., & Over, D. E. (Eds.), The thinking mind: A festschrift for Ken Manktelow (pp. 66–82). Routledge.Google Scholar
Thompson, V. A., & Johnson, S. C. (2014). Conflict, metacognition, and analytic thinking. Thinking & Reasoning, 20(2), 215–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/13546783.2013.869763CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, V. A., & Newman, I. R. (2020). Working memory, autonomy, and dual process theories: A roadmap. In S. Elqayam, I. Douven, J. S. B. Evans, & N. Cruz (Eds.), Logic and uncertainty in the human mind: A tribute to David E. Over (pp. 227–242). Routledge.10.4324/9781315111902-14CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, V. A., Prowse Turner, J. A., & Pennycook, G. (2011). Intuition, reason, and metacognition. Cognitive Psychology, 63(3), 107–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogpsych.2011.06.001CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thompson, V. A., Prowse Turner, J. A. P., Pennycook, G., Ball, L. J., Brack, H., Ophir, Y., & Ackerman, R. (2013). The role of answer fluency and perceptual fluency as metacognitive cues for initiating analytic thinking. Cognition, 128(2), 237–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2012.09.012CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Target article
Advancing theorizing about fast-and-slow thinking
Related commentaries (34)
A good architecture for fast and slow thinking, but exclusivity is exclusively in the past
A tale of two histories: Dual-system architectures in modular perspective
A view from mindreading on fast-and-slow thinking
Advancing theorizing about fast-and-slow thinking: The interplay between fast and slow processing
Automatic threat processing shows evidence of exclusivity
Categorizing judgments as likely to be selected by intuition or deliberation
Conflict paradigms cannot reveal competence
Correction, uncertainty, and anchoring effects
Could Bayesian cognitive science undermine dual-process theories of reasoning?
Deliberation is (probably) triggered and sustained by multiple mechanisms
Deliberative control is more than just reactive: Insights from sequential sampling models
Dual-process moral judgment beyond fast and slow
Dual-process theory is Barbapapa
Explaining normative–deliberative gaps is essential to dual-process theorizing
Fast and slow language processing: A window into dual-process models of cognition
Hoist by its own petard: The ironic and fatal flaws of dual-process theory
How research on persuasion can inform dual-process models of judgment
Illusory intuitions: Challenging the claim of non-exclusivity
Individual differences and multi-step thinking
Learning how to reason and deciding when to decide
More than two intuitions
Not feeling right about uncertainty monitoring
Switching between system 1 and system 2: The nature of competing intuitions and the role of disfluency
Switching: Cultural fluency sustains and cultural disfluency disrupts thinking fast
The distinction between long-term knowledge and short-term control processes is valid and useful
The dual-system approach is a useful heuristic but does not accurately describe behavior
Toward dual-process theory 3.0
Unifying theories of reasoning and decision making
Using the study of reasoning to address the age of unreason
We know what stops you from thinking forever: A metacognitive perspective
What is intuiting and deliberating? A functional–cognitive perspective
When a thinker does not want to think: Adding meta-control into the working model
Why is system 1/system 2 switching affectively loaded?
“Switching” between fast and slow processes is just reward-based branching
Author response
Further advancing fast-and-slow theorizing