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Chapter 21 - Serotonin Syndrome and Drug Interactions, Hypertensive Complications, and, Adverse Effects of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2022

By
Eoin Mulroy  and
Kailash P. Bhatia
Edited by
Néstor Gálvez-Jiménez ,
Amos D. Korczyn  and
Ramón Lugo-Sanchez
Néstor Gálvez-Jiménez
Affiliation:
Florida International University
Amos D. Korczyn
Affiliation:
Tel-Aviv University
Ramón Lugo-Sanchez
Affiliation:
Cleveland Clinic
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Summary

Monoamine oxidase (MAO), located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, is a critical enzyme in the metabolism of a number of neurotransmitters. Two isoforms of the enzyme exist, MAO-A and MAO-B [1]. These differ both in their tissue distribution and substrate selectivity. MAO-A is predominantly located in the periphery (including the gut) and preferentially catalyses the oxidation of 5-hydroxytyptamine (5-HT, serotonin) and norepinephrine [1]. MAO-B selectively metabolizes beta-phenylethylamine, while tyramine and dopamine are substrates for both types [1]. MAO inhibition, either non-specific or selective, increases the synaptic concentrations of the usually metabolized neurochemicals, providing symptomatic benefit in a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Type
Chapter
Information
Non-motor Parkinson's Disease , pp. 241 - 251
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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References

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