IN its long history, Three Choirs has not always sailed in untroubled waters. In the nineteenth century it sometimes appeared that the Festival was steering an uncertain course between the opposing fleets of High and Low Church, and in danger of foundering upon the rocks thrown up by those who sought to banish it from the cathedrals altogether.

It is difficult for us to imagine that a music festival should generate controversy and rancour; but Three Choirs is as inseparable from the cathedrals of Gloucester, Hereford and Worcester as religion was from nineteenth-century England. It was religion, the Christian religion, which permeated every aspect of life: political, educational, social, artistic and scientific. Some discord was inevitable.

One of King George IV's subjects whose opposition to the Festival was expressed almost as strongly as his protest against the way in which the country was being governed, was the Radical reformer William Cobbett. For a decade after the rout of Napoleon at Waterloo, depression and political reaction gripped England. Poverty and distress were widespread. Between 1822 and 1826 Cobbett made a number of journeys through the southern counties, on horseback, to see for himself the condition of the people and the changes in the countryside. His arrival at Gloucester in 1826, recorded in his diary account, Rural Rides, coincided with Three Choirs.