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5 - Selecting biodiversity indicators to set conservation targets: species, structures, or processes?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

By
Sven G. Nilsson
Edited by
Marc-André Villard  and
Bengt Gunnar Jonsson
Sven G. Nilsson
Affiliation:
University of Lund, Sweden
Marc-André Villard
Affiliation:
Université de Moncton, Canada
Bengt Gunnar Jonsson
Affiliation:
Mid-Sweden University, Sweden
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Summary

INTRODUCTION

An important goal in sustainable forestry is to maintain biodiversity, i.e. to use the forest but still maintain all the indigenous species and their genetic variation. To do this, it is essential to maintain important structures and processes on which numerous species are dependent. However, how do we know that biodiversity is maintained in managed forest landscapes? How much of the important structures, e.g. large living and dead trees that dominate in old-growth forests (Nilsson et al. 2002), is needed? How often and at what intensity should processes such as ecological disturbances by water, wind, fire, large herbivores, insect outbreaks, etc. be allowed/initiated? Obviously, owing to limited knowledge and human resources, it is presently impossible to count all species in a forest, a task that has yet to be achieved in any forest in the world. Large old-growth forests harbor exceedingly rich faunas and floras (Bobiec et al. 2005) and numerous species depend on dead wood (Elton 1966; Siitonen 2001). We also have to set some targets for important structures and/or use biodiversity indicators, which can tell us that biodiversity is preserved in managed forest landscapes. There have been several major approaches to this difficult problem of setting conservation targets for the maintenance of biodiversity.

  1. Strict protection strategy to protect remaining natural forest: set aside 5, 10, 20, or 50% of the forest land for conservation and allocate the rest to management. Carry out management of protected areas, sometimes through the removal of introduced species and/or restoration of managed forests to a more natural state.

  2. […]

Type
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Setting Conservation Targets for Managed Forest Landscapes , pp. 79 - 108
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

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