Book contents
- Seminars in Forensic Psychiatry
- College Seminars Series
- Seminars in Forensic Psychiatry
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Foreword
- Introduction
- Chapter 1 Violence and Mental Disorder
- Chapter 2 Violence and Mental Disorder
- Chapter 3 Outcomes from the Key Inquiries and the Evolution of Modern Forensic Psychiatry
- Chapter 4 Prison Psychiatry
- Chapter 5 Legal Issues and Expertise in Forensic Psychiatry
- Chapter 6 Expertise, Structured Professional Judgement and Risk Assessment
- Chapter 7 Models of Care in Forensic Psychiatry
- Chapter 8 Psychopharmacology of Chronic Aggression and Violence in Forensic Settings
- Chapter 9 Ward Milieu and the Management of In-Patient Violence
- Chapter 10 Community Forensic Psychiatry Including Liaison with Health, Criminal Justice and Public Protection Agencies
- Chapter 11 Assessment of Personality Disorder, Psychopathy and Associated Offending Behaviour
- Chapter 12 Stalking and Threats to Harm and Kill
- Chapter 13 Sexual Offending
- Chapter 14 Terrorism-Related Assessments
- Chapter 15 Forensic Psychotherapy and Psychological Therapies in Forensic Mental Health Settings
- Chapter 16 Forensic Aspects of Medical Negligence
- Chapter 17 Child and Adolescent Forensic Mental Health Services
- Chapter 18 Women’s Services in Forensic Psychiatry
- Chapter 19 Forensic Psychiatry and Intellectual Disability
- Chapter 20 Cultural Service Delivery in Forensic Mental Health Services
- Chapter 21 Tackling Ethnic Inequality in Forensic Mental Healthcare
- Chapter 22 Academic Forensic Psychiatry
- Chapter 23 The No-Nonsense Guides
- Index
- References
Chapter 14 - Terrorism-Related Assessments
Published online by Cambridge University Press: aN Invalid Date NaN
Book contents
- Seminars in Forensic Psychiatry
- College Seminars Series
- Seminars in Forensic Psychiatry
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Foreword
- Introduction
- Chapter 1 Violence and Mental Disorder
- Chapter 2 Violence and Mental Disorder
- Chapter 3 Outcomes from the Key Inquiries and the Evolution of Modern Forensic Psychiatry
- Chapter 4 Prison Psychiatry
- Chapter 5 Legal Issues and Expertise in Forensic Psychiatry
- Chapter 6 Expertise, Structured Professional Judgement and Risk Assessment
- Chapter 7 Models of Care in Forensic Psychiatry
- Chapter 8 Psychopharmacology of Chronic Aggression and Violence in Forensic Settings
- Chapter 9 Ward Milieu and the Management of In-Patient Violence
- Chapter 10 Community Forensic Psychiatry Including Liaison with Health, Criminal Justice and Public Protection Agencies
- Chapter 11 Assessment of Personality Disorder, Psychopathy and Associated Offending Behaviour
- Chapter 12 Stalking and Threats to Harm and Kill
- Chapter 13 Sexual Offending
- Chapter 14 Terrorism-Related Assessments
- Chapter 15 Forensic Psychotherapy and Psychological Therapies in Forensic Mental Health Settings
- Chapter 16 Forensic Aspects of Medical Negligence
- Chapter 17 Child and Adolescent Forensic Mental Health Services
- Chapter 18 Women’s Services in Forensic Psychiatry
- Chapter 19 Forensic Psychiatry and Intellectual Disability
- Chapter 20 Cultural Service Delivery in Forensic Mental Health Services
- Chapter 21 Tackling Ethnic Inequality in Forensic Mental Healthcare
- Chapter 22 Academic Forensic Psychiatry
- Chapter 23 The No-Nonsense Guides
- Index
- References
Summary
This chapter is about forensic psychiatric assessment of terrorism cases. As will become clear, this may not be a straightforward exercise in that it can be difficult to decide whether the case actually involves terrorism, let alone what contribution mental disorder may or may not make. Nonetheless, psychiatric assessment is often requested and assessment of the terrorism offender relies on the same basic principles of good-quality assessment, utilising a multi-agency approach, that is applicable when assessing any complex criminal, or potentially criminal, behaviour involving mental disorder.
Keywords
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Seminars in Forensic Psychiatry , pp. 333 - 342Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2024
References
Schmid, AP (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Terrorism Research. London, Taylor & Francis, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Augestad Knudsen, R. Between vulnerability and risk? Mental health in UK counter-terrorism. Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression 2021; 13 (1): 43–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corner, E, Gill, P, Schouten, R, Farnham, F. Mental disorders, personality traits, and grievance-fueled targeted violence: the evidence base and implications for research and practice. Journal of Personality Assessment 2018; 100 (5): 459–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gill, P, Corner, E. There and back again: the study of mental disorder and terrorist involvement. American Psychologist 2017; 72 (3): 231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gill, P, Clemmow, C, Hetzel, F et al. Systematic review of mental health problems and violent extremism. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology 2021; 32 (1): 51–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knight, S, Woodward, K, Lancaster, GL. Violent versus nonviolent actors: an empirical study of different types of extremism. Journal of Threat Assessment and Management 2017; 4 (4): 230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leygraf, N. Zur Phänomenologie islamistisch-terroristischer Straftäter. Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie 2014; 4 (8): 237–45.Google Scholar
Van Leyenhorst, M, Andreas, A. Dutch suspects of terrorist activity: a study of their biographical backgrounds based on primary sources. Journal for Deradicalization 2017; 12: 309–44.Google Scholar
Weenink, AW. Behavioral problems and disorders among radicals in police files. Perspectives on Terrorism 2015; 9 (2): 17–33.Google Scholar
Corner, E, Gill, P, Mason, O. Mental health disorders and the terrorist: a research note probing selection effects and disorder prevalence. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 2016; 39 (6): 560–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gill, P, Corner, E, McKee, A, Hitchen, P, Betley, P. What do closed source data tell us about lone actor terrorist behavior? A research note. Terrorism and Political Violence 2022; 34 (1): 113–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borum, R. Radicalization into violent extremism II: a review of conceptual models and empirical research. Journal of Strategic Security 2011; 4 (4): 37–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gruenewald, J, Chermak, S, Freilich, JD. Distinguishing ‘loner’ attacks from other domestic extremist violence: a comparison of far‐right homicide incident and offender characteristics. Criminology & Public Policy 2013; 12 (1): 65–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hewitt, C. Understanding Terrorism in America: From the Klan to al Qaeda. London, Psychology Press, 2003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corner, E, Gill, P. A false dichotomy? Mental illness and lone-actor terrorism. Law and Human Behavior 2015; 39 (1): 23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Merari, A. Driven to Death: Psychological and Social Aspects of Suicide Terrorism. New York, Oxford University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Oppetit, A, Campelo, N, Bouzar, L et al. Do radicalized minors have different social and psychological profiles from radicalized adults? Frontiers in Psychiatry 2019; 10: 644.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bouzar, D, Martin, M. What motives bring youth to engage in the Jihad? Neuropsychiatr Enf Adolesc 2016; 64 (6): 353–59.Google Scholar
Ilardi, GJ. Interviews with Canadian radicals. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 2013; 36 (9): 713–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corner, E, Gill, P. Psychological distress, terrorist involvement and disengagement from terrorism: a sequence analysis approach. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 2020; 36: 499–526.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simi, P, Sporer, K, Bubolz, BF. Narratives of childhood adversity and adolescent misconduct as precursors to violent extremism: a life-course criminological approach. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 2016; 53 (4): 536–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jasko, K, LaFree, G, Kruglanski, A. Quest for significance and violent extremism: the case of domestic radicalization. Political Psychology 2017; 38 (5): 815–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aly, A, Striegher, JL. Examining the role of religion in radicalization to violent Islamist extremism. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 2012; 35 (12): 849–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bazex, H, Mensat, JY. Qui sont les djihadistes français? Analyse de 12 cas pour contribuer à l’élaboration de profils et à l’évaluation du risque de passage à l’acte. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2016; 174 (4): 257–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bazex, H, Bénézech, M, Mensat, JY. ‘Le miroir de la haine’. La prise en charge pénitentiaire de la radicalisation: analyse clinique et criminologique de 112 personnes placées sous main de justice. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2017; 175 (3): 276–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sieckelinck, S, Sikkens, E, Van San, M, Kotnis, S, De Winter, M. Transitional journeys into and out of extremism: a biographical approach. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 2019; 42 (7): 662–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rink, A, Sharma, K. The determinants of religious radicalization: evidence from Kenya. Journal of Conflict Resolution 2018; 62 (6): 1229–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Böckler, N, Leuschner, V, Zick, A, Scheithauer, H. Same but different? Developmental pathways to demonstrative targeted attacks – qualitative case analyses of adolescent and young adult perpetrators of targeted school attacks and jihadi terrorist attacks in Germany. International Journal of Developmental Science 2018; 12 (1–2): 5–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beardsley, NL, Beech, AR. Applying the violent extremist risk assessment (VERA) to a sample of terrorist case studies. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research 2013; 5 (1): 4–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Botha, A. Political socialization and terrorist radicalization among individuals who joined al-Shabaab in Kenya. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 2014; 37 (11): 895–919.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ali, RB, Moss, SA, Barrelle, K, Lentini, P. Does the pursuit of meaning explain the initiation, escalation, and disengagement of violent extremists? Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2017; 34: 185–92.Google Scholar
Ferguson, N, Burgess, M, Hollywood, I. Crossing the Rubicon: deciding to become a paramilitary in Northern Ireland. International Journal of Conflict and Violence (IJCV) 2008; 2 (1): 130–7.Google Scholar
Florez-Morris, M. Joining guerrilla groups in Colombia: individual motivations and processes for entering a violent organization. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 2007; 30 (7): 615–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denov, M, Gervais, C. Negotiating (in) security: agency, resistance, and resourcefulness among girls formerly associated with Sierra Leone’s Revolutionary United Front. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 2007; 32 (4): 885–910.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glaser, J, Dixit, J, Green, DP. Studying hate crime with the internet: what makes racists advocate racial violence? Journal of Social Issues 2002; 58 (1): 177–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schafer, JA, Mullins, CW, Box, S. Awakenings: the emergence of white supremacist ideologies. Deviant Behavior 2014; 35 (3): 173–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Waele, M, Pauwels, LJ. Why do Flemish youth participate in right-wing disruptive groups? Gang Transitions and Transformations in an International Context. New York, Springer, 2016, pp. 173–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Victoroff, J, Adelman, JR, Matthews, M. Psychological factors associated with support for suicide bombing in the Muslim diaspora. Political Psychology 2012; 33 (6): 791–809.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doosje, B, Loseman, A, Van Den Bos, K. Determinants of radicalization of Islamic youth in the Netherlands: personal uncertainty, perceived injustice, and perceived group threat. Journal of Social Issues 2013; 69 (3): 586–604.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baron, SW. Canadian male street skinheads: street gang or street terrorists? Canadian Review of Sociology 1997; 34 (2): 125–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Bie, JL, De Poot, CJ. Studying police files with grounded theory methods to understand Jihadist networks. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 2016; 39 (7–8): 580–601.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fair, CC. The educated militants of Pakistan: implications for Pakistan’s domestic security. Contemporary South Asia 2008; 16 (1): 93–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dean, G. Criminal profiling in a terrorism context. Criminal Profiling: International Theory, Research, and Practice. Clifton, NJ, Humana Press, 2007, pp. 169–88.Google Scholar
Gill, P, Corner, E, Conway, M et al. Terrorist use of the Internet by the numbers: quantifying behaviors, patterns, and processes. Criminology & Public Policy 2017; 16 (1): 99–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gill, P, Horgan, J, Deckert, P. Bombing alone: tracing the motivations and antecedent behaviors of lone‐actor terrorists. Journal of Forensic Sciences 2014; 59 (2): 425–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Horgan, J, Morrison, JF. Here to stay? The rising threat of violent dissident Republicanism in Northern Ireland. Terrorism and Political Violence 2011; 23 (4): 642–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horgan, J, Shortland, N, Abbasciano, S, Walsh, S. Actions speak louder than words: a behavioral analysis of 183 individuals convicted for terrorist offenses in the United States from 1995 to 2012. Journal of Forensic Sciences 2016; 61 (5): 1228–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ducol, B. Devenir jihadiste à l’ère numérique: une approche processuelle et situationnelle de l’engagement jihadiste au regard du Web (doctoral dissertation, Université Laval).Google Scholar
Jacques, K, Taylor, PJ. Myths and realities of female-perpetrated terrorism. Law and Human Behavior 2013; 37 (1): 35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meloy, JR, Roshdi, K, Glaz-Ocik, J, Hoffmann, J. Investigating the individual terrorist in Europe. Journal of Threat Assessment and Management 2015; 2 (3–4): 140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, SC, Hafez, MM. Social network analysis of German foreign fighters in Syria and Iraq. Terrorism and Political Violence 2019; 31 (4): 661–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Altunbas, Y, Thornton, J. Are homegrown Islamic terrorists different? Some UK evidence. Southern Economic Journal 2011; 78 (2): 262–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhui, K, Silva, MJ, Topciu, RA, Jones, E. Pathways to sympathies for violent protest and terrorism. The British Journal of Psychiatry 2016; 209 (6): 483–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Weenink, AW. Adversity, criminality, and mental health problems in jihadis in Dutch police files. Perspectives on Terrorism 2019; 13 (5): 130–42.Google Scholar
Post, JM. Terrorist on trial: the context of political crime. The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law 2000; 28 (2): 171–8.Google ScholarPubMed
Stern, JE. X: A case study of a Swedish neo‐Nazi and his reintegration into Swedish society. Behavioral Sciences & the Law 2014; 32 (3): 440–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klausen, J, Campion, S, Needle, N, Nguyen, G, Libretti, R. Toward a behavioral model of ‘homegrown’ radicalization trajectories. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 2016; 39 (1): 67–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Speckhard, A, Ahkmedova, K. The making of a martyr: Chechen suicide terrorism. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 2006; 29 (5): 429–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bubolz, BF, Simi, P. The problem of overgeneralization: the case of mental health problems and US violent white supremacists. American Behavioral Scientist 2019. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764219831746.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dhumad, S, Candilis, PJ, Cleary, SD, Dyer, AR, Khalifa, N. Risk factors for terrorism: a comparison of family, childhood, and personality risk factors among Iraqi terrorists, murderers, and controls. Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression 2020; 12 (1): 72–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stys, Y, Gobeil, R, Harris, AJR, Michel, S. Violent extremists in federal institutions: estimating radicalization and susceptibility to radicalization in the federal offender population. Ottawa, Correctional Service Canada, 2014.Google Scholar
Denov, M, Gervais, C. Negotiating (in)security: agency, resistance, and resourcefulness among girls formerly associated with Sierra Leone’s Revolutionary United Front. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 2007; 32 (4): 885–910.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, DV, Kerrigan, TR, Forfar, R, Farnham, FR, Preston, LF. The Fixated Threat Assessment Centre: preventing harm and facilitating care. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology 2010; 21 (4): 521–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar