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4 - State-Mobilized Community Development

The Case of Rural Taiwan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 July 2020

By
Kristen E. Looney
Edited by
Grzegorz Ekiert ,
Elizabeth J. Perry  and
Xiaojun Yan
Grzegorz Ekiert
Affiliation:
Harvard University, Massachusetts
Elizabeth J. Perry
Affiliation:
Harvard University, Massachusetts
Xiaojun Yan
Affiliation:
University of Hong Kong
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Summary

In 1950s Taiwan, the defeated Kuomintang regime (KMT or Chinese Nationalist Party) sought to regain control of mainland China by transforming the island into a model province that would legitimize its right to rule. Knowing that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) had established its rural base in large part through redistributive land reform, the KMT carried out a comprehensive land reform program of its own, which led to the creation of a smallholder farm economy with extremely low levels of inequality. In addition, the Nationalists built up an extensive network of farmers’ associations and implemented an agricultural policy that resulted in two decades of accelerated growth. According to former President Lee Teng-hui, agriculture played a textbook role in Taiwan’s development, meeting the domestic demand for food, accounting for a significant share of exports, and providing capital and labor for industrialization (Lee, 1971). As one of the first countries in the post–World War II period to achieve industrialized nation status, Taiwan stands out as an exemplary case of successful development.

Type
Chapter
Information
Ruling by Other Means
State-Mobilized Movements
 , pp. 86 - 109
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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