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Leaf Appearance Base Temperature and Phyllochron for Common Grass and Broadleaf Weed Species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Greta G. Gramig  and
David E. Stoltenberg
Greta G. Gramig*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, 1575 Linden Drive, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
David E. Stoltenberg
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, 1575 Linden Drive, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: gggramig@wisc.edu
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Abstract

Base temperature (Tb) for leaf appearance and the thermal time interval between appearance of successive leaves (phyllochron) were determined for six common weed species from a series of growth chamber experiments. Mean leaf appearance Tb values for giant ragweed, velvetleaf, redroot pigweed, large crabgrass, woolly cupgrass, and wild-proso millet were 1.3, 8.0, 8.5, 4.5, 2.2, and 5.1 C, respectively, and mean phyllochron values were 37.2, 34.4, 17.3, 42.2, 65.2, and 34.2 growing degree-days per leaf, respectively. Phyllochron values increased slightly with mean temperature for each weed species. To our knowledge, these are the first reported leaf appearance Tb and phyllochron values for giant ragweed, woolly cupgrass, and wild-proso millet. The results confirm leaf appearance Tb and phyllochron values reported previously for velvetleaf and redroot pigweed. However, large crabgrass leaf appearance Tb and phyllochron values in our study varied somewhat from those reported previously. The results provide information needed for parameterization of plant growth models that predict leaf development based on thermal time.

Keywords

Giant ragweed, Ambrosia trifida L. AMBTRlarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. DIGSAredroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L. AMAREvelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medicus ABUTHwild-proso millet, Panicum milliaceum L. PANMIwoolly cupgrass, Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth ERBVIGrowing degree-daysleaf areaphenologythermal time
Type
Note
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 21 , Issue 1 , March 2007 , pp. 249 - 254
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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