The crystal structure of cloxacillin sodium monohydrate has been solved and refined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data and optimized using density functional techniques. Cloxacillin sodium monohydrate crystallizes in space group P212121 (#19) with a = 7.989 36(12), b = 10.918 09(10), c = 25.559 3(6) Å, V = 2229.50(5) Å3, and Z = 4. The crystal structure is characterized by corner-sharing chains of irregular NaO5 polyhedra along the a-axis. The carboxylate group chelates to the Na and bridges two Na cations. The coordination sphere is completed by the water molecule and a carbonyl group. The Na–O bonds are mostly ionic but have some covalent character. The bond valence sum of the Na is 1.14. The water molecule acts as a donor to the carboxylate group and a carbonyl oxygen. It is an acceptor in C–H⋯O hydrogen bonds from a methyl group and a ring carbon. The crystal structure of cloxacillin sodium monohydrate is very similar to that of the fluorinated derivative (CSD Refcode BEBCAM), reflecting the similarity of the lattice parameters. The powder pattern has been submitted to ICDD for inclusion in the Powder Diffraction File™.

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is one of the most important polymers for application as a dielectric layer in organic electronics, e.g. in organic field-effect transistors. The key to improve the transistor performance is the optimization of the interface between the semiconductor and the dielectric layer. Here, the surface order in thin films of PMMA copolymers with self-organized, semifluorinated (sf) building blocks, and crosslinkable units in single layers and double layers with poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) is investigated. The chemistry of the sf copolymers is systematically varied and the influence on the self-organization in bulk and thin films is examined by a combination of scattering methods. The length of the semifluorinated side chains mainly determines the degree and type of order both in bulk as well as in thin films.

The General Structure Analysis System (GSAS-II) package provides materials and crystallographic analysis for all types of diffraction data. It was initially made available with very limited capabilities, but over much of the last decade the features have been expanded, so that GSAS-II is now a comprehensive tool for nearly all types of structural and materials characterization studies. The need to provide materials to teach use of GSAS-II, while the software has been undergoing constant revision and expansion, has required new approaches for documentation. This has included providing tutorials, as each major new capability has been added, and context-sensitive help for each section of the program. Comments in the code are also expanded into a software reference guide. Most recently, video versions of more than half of the tutorials were created and others were provided with animated graphics. All GSAS-II documentation is web-based.

The crystal structure of cefprozil monohydrate has been solved and refined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data and optimized using density functional techniques. Cefprozil monohydrate crystallizes in space group P21 (#4) with a = 11.26513(6), b = 11.34004(5), c = 14.72649(11) Å, β = 90.1250(4)°, V = 1881.262(15) Å3, and Z = 4. Although a reasonable fit was obtained using an orthorhombic model, closer examination showed that many peaks were split and/or had shoulders, and thus the true symmetry was monoclinic. DFT calculations revealed that one carboxylic acid proton moved to an amino group. The structure thus contains one ion pair and one pair of neutral molecules. This protonation was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. There is an extensive array of hydrogen bonds resulting in a three-dimensional network. The powder pattern has been submitted to ICDD® for inclusion in the Powder Diffraction File™.

The crystal structure of bumetanide has been solved and refined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data, and optimized using density functional techniques. Bumetanide crystallizes in space group P-1 (#2) with a = 5.00168(4), b = 9.22649(3), c = 19.59924(14) Å, α = 80.7941(5), β = 82.8401(7), γ = 86.8148(7)°, V = 885.268(9) Å3, and Z = 2. The crystal structure is layered with the double layers parallel to the ab plane. The exterior of the layer is composed of hydrocarbon portions of the molecule, both phenyl rings and butyl side chains. The central portion of the bilayer contains the hydrogen-bonding regions, both the carboxylic acid dimers and the hydrogen bonds involving the sulfonamide groups. The molecular conformations of bumetanide in this current triclinic structure and the previously-determined monoclinic polymorph FEDGON are very similar, as are the energies of the two polymorphs. The powder pattern is included in the Powder Diffraction File™ as entry 00-066-1609.

The crystal structure of atropine sulfate monohydrate has been solved and refined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data and optimized using density functional techniques. Atropine sulfate monohydrate crystallizes in space group P21/n (#14) with a = 19.2948(5), b = 6.9749(2), c = 26.9036(5) Å, β = 94.215(2)°, V = 3610.86(9) Å3, and Z = 4. Each of the two independent protonated nitrogen atoms participates in a strong hydrogen bond to the sulfate anion. Each of the two independent hydroxyl groups acts as a donor in a hydrogen bond to the sulfate anion, but only one of the water molecule hydrogen atoms acts as a hydrogen bond donor to the sulfate anion. The hydrogen bonds are all discrete but link the cations, anion, and water molecule along [101]. Although atropine and hyoscyamine (atropine is racemic hyoscyamine) crystal structures share some features, such as hydrogen bonding and phenyl–phenyl packing, the powder patterns show that the structures are very different. The powder pattern for atropine sulfate monohydrate has been submitted to ICDD for inclusion in the Powder Diffraction File™.

We report on the X-ray diffraction data and unit-cell parameters of Mn4C, which has a cubic perovskite-type structure with a = 3.8726 Å and unit-cell volume V = 58.1 Å3. The measured lines were indexed and are consistent with the space group $ Pm { \bar {\it 3}} m$ (No. 221).